Chiwindi cha m'chigwa

Chifuwa cha m'chigwa ndi matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi yomwe bowa amatuluka Coccidioides immitis lowani thupi lanu kudzera m'mapapu.

Chifuwa cha Valley fever ndimatenda abowa omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'zigawo za chipululu chakumwera chakumadzulo kwa United States, komanso ku Central ndi South America. Mumachipeza mwa kupuma bowa m'nthaka. Matendawa amayamba m'mapapu. Nthawi zambiri imakhudza anthu azaka zopitilira 60.

Chifuwa cha Valley chingathenso kutchedwa coccidioidomycosis.

Kuyenda kudera lomwe bowa amapezeka nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa. Komabe, mumakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ngati mumakhala komwe bowa limapezeka ndikukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka chifukwa cha:

• Chithandizo cha anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
• Khansa
• Chemotherapy
• Mankhwala a glucocorticoid (prednisone)
• Mikhalidwe yamapapu
• HIV / Edzi
• Kuika thupi
• Mimba (makamaka trimester yoyamba)

Anthu ochokera ku Native American, Africa, kapena ku Philippines amakhudzidwa kwambiri.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi fever m'chigwa samakhala ndi zisonyezo. Ena atha kukhala ndi chimfine kapena chimfine. Zizindikiro zikayamba, zimayamba masiku 5 mpaka 21 mutakumana ndi bowa.

Zizindikiro zodziwika ndizo:

• Ankolo, mapazi, ndi kutupa kwa mwendo
• Kupweteka pachifuwa (kumatha kusiyanasiyana ndi kofatsa)
• Chifuwa, mwina kutulutsa phlegm yokhala ndi magazi (sputum)
• Kutentha thupi ndi thukuta usiku
• Mutu
• Kuuma pamodzi ndi kupweteka kapena kupweteka kwa minofu
• Kutaya njala
• Zotupa, zofiira pamiyendo yakumunsi (erythema nodosum)

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amafalikira kuchokera m'mapapu kudzera m'magazi ndikuphatikizira khungu, mafupa, mafupa, ma lymph node, ndi dongosolo lamanjenje kapena ziwalo zina. Kufalikira kumeneku kumatchedwa kufalitsa coccidioidomycosis.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofala kwambiri amatha kudwala kwambiri. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizaponso:

• Sinthani mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe
• Kukula kapena kukhetsa ma lymph node
• Kutupa pamodzi
• Zizindikiro zowopsa zamapapu
• Kuuma khosi
• Kumvetsetsa kuunika
• Kuchepetsa thupi

Zilonda zapakhungu zam'mapiri otentha nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro chofalikira (kufalikira). Ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, zilonda zakhungu kapena zotupa zimawoneka pankhope.

Wothandizira zaumoyo amayeza thupi ndikufunsa za zidziwitso ndi mbiri yakuyenda. Kuyesedwa kochitidwa m'njira zowopsa za matendawa ndi awa:

• Kuyesa magazi kuti muwone ngati matenda a coccidioides (bowa omwe amayambitsa Valley fever)
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Chikhalidwe cha Sputum
• Sputum smear (mayeso a KOH)

Kuyesedwa kochitidwa chifukwa cha mitundu yoopsa kwambiri kapena kufalikira kwa matendawa ndi awa:

• Chiwindi cha mwanabele, mapapo, kapena chiwindi
• Kutupa kwa mafupa
• Bronchoscopy ndi kuyeretsa
• Msana wapampopi (lumbar puncture) kuti athetse vuto la meningitis

Ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chokwanira, matendawa amatha nthawi zonse osalandira chithandizo. Wothandizira anu akhoza kupereka mpumulo wogona ndi chithandizo cha zizindikiro ngati chimfine mpaka malungo anu atha.

Ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, mungafunike mankhwala oletsa antifungal ndi amphotericin B, fluconazole, kapena itraconazole. Itraconazole ndi mankhwala omwe amasankhidwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi ululu wophatikizika kapena minofu.

Nthawi zina pamafunika kuchitidwa opareshoni kuti muchotse mbali yomwe ili ndi matenda m'mapapo (ya matenda osachiritsika kapena owopsa).

Momwe mumakhalira bwino zimatengera mtundu wa matenda omwe muli nawo komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Zotsatira zake mu matenda oopsa zikuyenera kukhala zabwino. Ndi chithandizo, zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino ku matenda osachiritsika kapena owopsa (ngakhale kubwereranso kumatha kuchitika). Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe afalikira amakhala ndiimfa yayikulu.

Kutentha kwa chigwa kungayambitse:

• Magulu a mafinya m'mapapu (abscess yamapapu)
• Kutupa kwamapapo

Mavutowa amapezeka kwambiri ngati muli ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

Funsani nthawi yokumana ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati muli ndi zisonyezo za fever kapena ngati mkhalidwe wanu sukusintha ndi chithandizo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto a chitetezo cha mthupi (monga HIV / AIDS ndi omwe ali ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo cha mthupi) sayenera kupita kumalo omwe bowawa amapezeka. Ngati mukukhala kale m'malo amenewa, zina zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Kutseka mawindo pakagwa mkuntho wamfumbi
• Kupewa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kusamalira nthaka, monga dimba

Tengani mankhwala otchinjiriza monga adakulamulirani.

Malungo a San Joaquin Valley; Coccidioidomycosis; Cocci; Rheumatism yam'chipululu

• Coccidioidomycosis - chifuwa x-ray
• Pulmonary nodule - kutsogolo kwa chifuwa x-ray
• Kufalitsa coccidioidomycosis
• Mafangayi

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Chiwindi cha m'chigwa (coccidioidomycosis). www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/coccidioidomycosis/index.html. Idasinthidwa pa Okutobala 28, 2020. Idapezeka pa Disembala 1, 2020.

Elewski BE, Hughey LC, Kuthamangira KM, Hay RJ. Matenda a fungal. Mu: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, olemba. Matenda Opatsirana. Wolemba 4.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 77.

Galgiani JN. Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides zamoyo). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 265.