Meningococcemia

Meningococcemia ndi matenda owopsa omwe amatha kuwononga moyo wamagazi.

Meningococcemia imayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya otchedwa Neisseria meningitidis. Nthawi zambiri mabakiteriya amakhala m'mapapo mwa munthu popanda kuyambitsa matenda. Zitha kufalikira kwa munthu wina kudzera m'madontho opumira. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kutenga kachilomboka ngati muli pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi vutoli ndipo amayetsemula kapena kutsokomola.

Achibale komanso omwe amakhala pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi vutoli ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira komanso koyambirira kwa masika.

Pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zochepa poyamba. Zina zingaphatikizepo:

• Malungo
• Mutu
• Kukwiya
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Nseru
• Kutupa ndi mawanga ofiira kwambiri kapena ofiyira pamapazi kapena miyendo

Zizindikiro zamtsogolo zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutsika kwa msinkhu wanu wa chidziwitso
• Madera akulu otaya magazi pansi pa khungu
• Chodabwitsa

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufunsani ndikufunsani za matenda anu.

Kuyezetsa magazi kudzachitika kuti athetse matenda ena ndikuthandizira kutsimikizira meningococcemia. Mayesowa angaphatikizepo:

• Chikhalidwe chamagazi
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi ndikusiyanitsa
• Maphunziro a magazi

Mayesero ena omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Lumbar kuboola kuti mupeze nyemba zam'magazi zamtundu wa Gram ndi chikhalidwe
• Khungu lachikopa ndi banga la Gram
• Kusanthula kwamkodzo

Meningococcemia ndi vuto lachipatala. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri amaloledwa kupita kuchipatala, komwe amawayang'anitsitsa. Amatha kuikidwa m'mapapo kwa maola 24 oyamba kuti athandize kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena.

Chithandizo chitha kukhala:

• Maantibayotiki operekedwa kudzera mumitsempha nthawi yomweyo
• Kupuma thandizo
• Zotseketsa kapena m'malo mwa ma platelet, ngati mavuto am'magazi atuluka
• Madzi kudzera mumtsempha
• Mankhwala ochizira kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kusamalira mabala kumadera akhungu okhala ndi magazi

Kuchiza msanga kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Pakachitika mantha, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosatsimikizika.

Vutoli ndi loopsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi:

• Matenda otaya magazi otchedwa "disseminated intravascular coagulopathy" (DIC)
• Impso kulephera
• Chodabwitsa

Zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo ndi matendawa ndi:

• Nyamakazi
• Matenda a magazi (DIC)
• Maphokoso chifukwa chosowa magazi
• Kutupa kwa mitsempha yamagazi pakhungu
• Kutupa kwa mtima waminyewa
• Kutupa kwa mtima
• Chodabwitsa
• Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ma adrenal gland omwe angayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)

Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za meningococcemia. Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwakhala muli pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi matendawa.

Njira zodzitetezera ku mabanja komanso omwe mumalumikizana nawo nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za njirayi.

Katemera yemwe amakhudza ena, koma osati onse, mitundu ya meningococcus imalimbikitsidwa kwa ana azaka 11 kapena 12. Cholimbikitsira chimaperekedwa ali ndi zaka 16. Ophunzira omwe sanalandire katemera omwe amakhala m'malo ogona ayenera kulingaliranso kulandira katemerayu. Iyenera kuperekedwa milungu ingapo asanapite kogona. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani za katemerayu.

Septicemia ya meningococcal; Meninjaococcal magazi poyizoni; Meningococcal bacteremia

Matenda a Marquez L. Meningococcal. Mu: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, olemba. Feigin ndi Cherry's Bookbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 88.

Stephens DS, Apicella MA. Neisseria meningitidis. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Mfundo za Bennett ndi Kuchita kwa Matenda Opatsirana, Kusinthidwa. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 213.