Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) ndimatenda aubongo opita patsogolo, olepheretsa, komanso owopsa okhudzana ndi matenda a chikuku (rubeola).

Matendawa amapezeka zaka zambiri pambuyo pa matenda a chikuku.

Nthawi zambiri, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chikuku sichimawononga ubongo. Komabe, kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi ku chikuku kapena, mwina mitundu ina ya kachilomboka kungayambitse matenda akulu ndi imfa. Kuyankha kumeneku kumabweretsa kutupa kwaubongo (kutupa ndi kukwiya) komwe kumatha zaka.

SSPE idanenedwa m'malo onse adziko lapansi, koma m'maiko akumadzulo ndi matenda osowa.

Ndi milandu yochepa kwambiri yomwe imawoneka ku United States kuyambira pomwe pulogalamu yodzitetezera chikuku idayambika. SSPE imakonda kuchitika patadutsa zaka zingapo munthu atadwala chikuku, ngakhale munthuyo akuwoneka kuti wachira bwino. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa kuposa akazi. Matendawa amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Zizindikiro za SSPE zimachitika m'magawo anayi. Gawo lirilonse, zizindikilozo zimakhala zoyipa kuposa momwe zidaliri kale:

• Gawo I: Pakhoza kukhala kusintha kwamunthu, kusintha kwa malingaliro, kapena kukhumudwa. Malungo ndi mutu umatha kukhalaponso. Gawo ili limatha mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
• Gawo lachiwiri: Pakhoza kukhala mavuto osayenda osayendetsa bwino kuphatikiza kugwedezeka ndi kutuluka kwa minofu. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zitha kuchitika pano ndikutaya masomphenya, matenda amisala, komanso kukomoka.
• Gawo lachitatu: Kuyenda kosunthika kumasinthidwa ndikusunthira (kupotoza) mayendedwe ndi kukhazikika. Imfa imatha kupezeka pazovuta.
• Gawo lachinayi: Madera aubongo omwe amayang'anira kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi zimawonongeka. Izi zimabweretsa kukomoka kenako kufa.

Pakhoza kukhala mbiri ya chikuku mwa mwana wosatetezedwa. Kuwunika kwakuthupi kumatha kuwulula:

• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya optic, yomwe imayambitsa kuona
• Kuwonongeka kwa diso, gawo la diso lomwe limalandira kuwala
• Minofu ikugwedezeka
• Kusachita bwino pamayeso oyendetsa magalimoto (kuyenda)

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitidwa:

• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• MRI yaubongo
• Seramu antibody titer kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za matenda apakhungu a chikuku
• Mphepete wamtsempha

Palibe mankhwala a SSPE omwe alipo. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala kuwongolera zizindikilo. Mankhwala ena opha ma virus komanso olimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi atha kuyesedwa kuti achepetse matendawa.

Zida zotsatirazi zitha kupereka zambiri pa SSPE:

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Subacute-Sclerosing-Panencephalitis-Information-Page
• National Organisation for Rare Disways - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/subacute-sclerosing-panencephalitis/

SSPE nthawi zonse imapha. Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amwalira zaka 1 kapena 3 atawazindikira. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali.

Itanani foni kwa omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwana wanu sanamalize katemera. Katemerayu amaphatikizidwa ndi katemera wa MMR.

Katemera wolimbana ndi chikuku ndiye njira yokhayo yodziwira SSPE. Katemerayu ndiwothandiza kwambiri pochepetsa chiwerengero cha ana omwe akhudzidwa.

Katemera wa chikuku ayenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi dongosolo la American Academy of Pediatrics and Centers for Disease Control.

SSPE; Subacute sclerosing leukoencephalitis; Dawson encephalitis; Chikuku - SSPE; Rubeola - SSPE

Gershon AA. Chikuku kachilombo (rubeola). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 160.

Mason WH, Zida HA. Chikuku. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 273.