Encopresis

Ngati mwana wazaka zopitilira 4 waphunzitsidwa chimbudzi, ndikudutsabe chopondapo ndikudula zovala, amatchedwa encopresis. Mwanayo akhoza kapena sangachite izi mwadala.

Mwanayo atha kudzimbidwa. Chophimbacho ndi chovuta, chowuma, ndipo chimakhala mumtambo (wotchedwa fecal impaction). Mwanayo amangodutsa chopondapo chonyowa kapena pafupifupi madzi omwe amayenda mozungulira chopondapo cholimba. Itha kutuluka masana kapena usiku.

Zina mwazinthu zitha kuphatikiza:

• Osati kuphunzitsa chimbudzi mwanayo
• Kuyambira maphunziro a chimbudzi mwanayo akadali wamng'ono kwambiri
• Mavuto am'mutu, monga vuto lotsutsa kapena kusokonezeka kwamakhalidwe

Kaya chifukwa chake ndi chiyani, mwanayo angamve manyazi, kudziona ngati wolakwa, kapena kudziderera, ndipo atha kubisa zisonyezo za encopresis.

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo cha encopresis ndizo:

• Kudzimbidwa kosalekeza
• Mkhalidwe wotsika wachuma

Encopresis imafala kwambiri mwa anyamata kuposa atsikana. Zimayamba kutha mwanayo akamakula.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kulephera kugwira chopondapo musanafike kuchimbudzi (kusagwirizana kwamatumbo)
• Kudutsa chopondapo m'malo osayenera (monga zovala za mwana)
• Kusunga matumbo mwachinsinsi
• Kukhala ndi kudzimbidwa ndi chimbudzi cholimba
• Kudutsa chopando chachikulu kwambiri nthawi zina chomwe chimatsekereza chimbudzi
• Kutaya njala
• Kusungira mkodzo
• Kukana kukhala pachimbudzi
• Kukana kumwa mankhwala
• Kumva kupweteka kapena kupweteka m'mimba

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala atha kumva kuti chopondacho chatsekedwa mu rectum ya mwana (fecal impaction). X-ray ya m'mimba mwa mwanayo imatha kuwonetsa chopondapo chomwe chimakhudza m'matumbo.

Wothandizirayo amatha kuyesa dongosolo lamanjenje kuti athetse vuto la msana.

Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Kupenda kwamadzi
• Chikhalidwe cha mkodzo
• Mayeso a chithokomiro
• Mayeso owunikira a Celiac
• Mayeso a seramu calcium
• Mayeso a serum electrolytes

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndi:

• Pewani kudzimbidwa
• Sungani zizoloŵezi zabwino za matumbo

Ndibwino kuti makolo azithandizira, m'malo momudzudzula kapena kumulepheretsa mwanayo.

Chithandizo chitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Kupatsa mwana mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba kapena mankhwala kuti amuchotsere chopondapo chouma.
• Kupatsa zofewetsera mwana.
• Kukhala ndi mwana kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu (zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, tirigu wathunthu) ndikumwa madzi ambiri kuti malowo azikhala ofewa komanso omasuka.
• Kutenga mafuta amchere amakono kwakanthawi kochepa. Imeneyi ndi chithandizo chanthawi yochepa chabe chifukwa mafuta amchere amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa calcium ndi vitamini D.
• Kuwona gastroenterologist wa ana pomwe mankhwalawa sakukwanira. Dokotala atha kugwiritsa ntchito biofeedback, kapena kuphunzitsa makolo ndi mwana momwe angayendetsere encopresis.
• Kuwona katswiri wama psychology kuti athandize mwanayo kuthana ndi manyazi, kudziimba mlandu, kapena kudzidalira.

Kwa encopresis yopanda kudzimbidwa, mwanayo angafunike kuwunika kwamisala kuti apeze choyambitsa.

Ana ambiri amamvera bwino akamalandira chithandizo. Encopresis nthawi zambiri amabwereranso, chifukwa chake ana ena amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse.

Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, mwanayo amatha kudzidalira komanso kukhala ndi mavuto pakupanga ndikusunga mabwenzi. Zovuta zina zingaphatikizepo:

• Kudzimbidwa kosalekeza
• Kusadziletsa kwamikodzo

Itanani kuti mudzakumane ndi omwe amakupatsani mwayi ngati mwana wazaka zopitilira 4 ndipo ali ndi encopresis.

Encopresis itha kupewedwa ndi:

• Kuphunzitsa chimbudzi mwana wanu pamsinkhu woyenera komanso m'njira yabwino.
• Kulankhula ndi omwe amakupatsani zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize mwana wanu ngati mwana wanu akuwonetsa zizindikiritso, monga zowuma, zolimba, kapena zopumira.

Dothi; Kusadziletsa - chopondapo; Kudzimbidwa - encopresis; Zovuta - encopresis

[Adasankhidwa] Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Kuwunika kwam'mimba. Mu: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, olemba.Nelson Zofunikira pa Matenda a Ana. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 126.

Noe J. Kudzimbidwa. Mu: Kliegman RM, Lye PS, Bordini BJ, Toth H, Basel D, olemba. Kuzindikira Kwa Matenda a Nelson Pediatric. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 16.