Kuopsa kwa fodya

Kudziwa zoopsa za kusuta fodya kumatha kukulimbikitsani kuti musiye. Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya kwa nthawi yayitali kumakulitsa chiopsezo chanu pamavuto ambiri azaumoyo.

Fodya ndi chomera. Masamba ake amasuta, kutafuna, kapena kununkhiza chifukwa cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana.

• Fodya mumakhala mankhwala a chikonga, omwe ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Utsi wa fodya uli ndi mankhwala oposa 7,000, ndipo 70 mwa iwo amadziwika kuti amayambitsa khansa.
• Fodya wosapsa amatchedwa fodya wopanda utsi. Kuphatikiza chikonga, pali mankhwala osachepera 30 mu fodya wopanda utsi omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa khansa.

ZOOPSA ZAumoyo PAMODZI ZA KUSINTHA KAPENA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO YAFUKU YOPANDA Utsi

Pali zoopsa zambiri pakusuta fodya komanso kusuta fodya. Zowopsa kwambiri zalembedwa pansipa.

Mavuto a mtima ndi magazi:

• Kuundana kwa magazi ndi kufooka m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi muubongo, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa sitiroko
• Magazi amatundikira m'miyendo, omwe amatha kupita kumapapu
• Mitsempha ya Coronary, kuphatikizapo angina ndi matenda amtima
• Kuchulukitsa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi mutasuta
• Magazi osakwanira m'miyendo
• Mavuto osokonekera chifukwa chakuchepa kwamagazi kulowa mbolo

Mavuto ena azaumoyo kapena mavuto:

• Khansa (makamaka m'mapapu, pakamwa, m'maphuno, mphuno ndi sinus, khosi, kholingo, m'mimba, chikhodzodzo, impso, kapamba, khomo pachibelekeropo, kholingo, ndi thumbo)
• Kuchira kovulaza koipa pambuyo pa opaleshoni
• Mavuto am'mapapo, monga COPD, kapena mphumu yomwe imavuta kuyendetsa
• Mavuto omwe ali ndi pakati, monga ana obadwa atatsika pang'ono, kubadwa msanga, kutaya mwana wanu, ndi milomo yopunduka
• Kuchepetsa mphamvu yakulawa ndi kununkhiza
• Kuvulaza umuna, zomwe zitha kubweretsa kusabereka
• Kutaya maso chifukwa cha chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kuchepa kwa macular
• Dzino ndi chingamu matenda
• Khwinya pakhungu

Osuta omwe amasuta fodya wopanda utsi m'malo mosiya fodya amakhalabe ndi thanzi lawo:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha khansa ya mkamwa, lilime, minyewa, ndi kapamba
• Mavuto a chingamu, kuvala kwa mano, ndi zibowo
• Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi angina

ZOOPSA ZAumoyo pa utsi wa SECONDHAND

Omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi utsi wa ena (utsi wothandiziranso) ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha:

• Matenda a mtima ndi matenda amtima
• Khansa ya m'mapapo
• Zomwe zimachitika mwadzidzidzi komanso mwamphamvu, kuphatikizapo diso, mphuno, mmero, ndi njira yopumira yopumira

Makanda ndi ana omwe nthawi zambiri amakopeka ndi utsi wa fodya ali pachiwopsezo cha:

• Kuphulika kwa mphumu (ana omwe ali ndi mphumu omwe amakhala ndi osuta amatha kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi)
• Matenda am'kamwa, mmero, matupi, makutu, ndi mapapo
• Kuwonongeka kwa mapapo (vuto lamapapu)
• Matenda aimfa mwadzidzidzi (SIDS)

Monga chizolowezi chilichonse, kusiya kusuta kuli kovuta, makamaka ngati mukuchita nokha.

• Funsani thandizo kwa abale anu, abwenzi, ndi anzanu akuntchito.
• Lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani zaumoyo za mankhwala osuta a nikotini komanso mankhwala osuta.
• Lowani nawo pulogalamu yosiya kusuta ndipo mudzakhala ndi mwayi wopambana. Mapulogalamuwa amaperekedwa ndi zipatala, madipatimenti azaumoyo, malo okhala, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito.

Kusuta fodya - zoopsa; Kusuta ndudu - zoopsa; Kusuta ndi kusuta fodya - zoopsa; Nikotini - zoopsa

• Kukonzekera kwa m'mimba kwa aortic aneurysm - kutseguka - kutulutsa
• Kuyika kwa Angioplasty ndi stent - mtsempha wa carotid - kutulutsa
• Angioplasty ndi stent mayikidwe - zotumphukira mitsempha - kutulutsa
• Kukonza kwa aortic aneurysm - endovascular - kutulutsa
• Opaleshoni ya mtsempha wa Carotid - kutulutsa

• Fodya ndi matenda amitsempha
• Fodya ndi mankhwala
• Fodya ndi khansa
• Zovuta zaumoyo wa fodya
• Utsi wosuta ndi khansa ya m'mapapo
• Cilia wopuma

Benowitz NL, Brunetta PG. Kusuta koopsa ndi kusiya. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 46.

George TP. Chikonga ndi fodya. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 29.

Rakel RE, Houston T. Chidakwa. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 49.

Siu AL; Gulu Lankhondo Loteteza ku US. Njira zopewera kusuta fodya mwa akulu, kuphatikiza amayi apakati: Ndemanga ya US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (8): 622-634. (Adasankhidwa) PMID: 26389730 adatulutsidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389730/.