Mankhwala ogulitsa

Mutha kugula mankhwala ambiri pamavuto ang'onoang'ono m'sitolo popanda mankhwala (pa-kauntala).

Malangizo ofunikira ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa:

• Nthawi zonse tsatirani malangizo ndi machenjezo. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu musanayambe mankhwala atsopano.
• Dziwani zomwe mukutenga. Onani mndandanda wazosakaniza ndikusankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi zinthu zochepa.
• Mankhwala onse amayamba kuchepa pakapita nthawi ndipo amayenera m'malo mwa ena. Onani tsiku lothera ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito chilichonse.
• Sungani mankhwala pamalo ozizira, owuma. Sungani mankhwala onse kutali ndi ana.

Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena akuyamwitsa ayenera kulankhula ndi omwe amawapatsa mankhwala asanamwe mankhwala atsopano.

Mankhwala amakhudza ana ndi achikulire mosiyanasiyana. Anthu azaka izi ayenera kusamala kwambiri akamamwa mankhwala osagulitsika.

Funsani omwe akukuthandizani musanamwe mankhwala owonjezera ngati:

• Zizindikiro zanu ndizoyipa kwambiri.
• Simukudziwa chomwe chiri vuto ndi inu.
• Mukudwala kwa nthawi yayitali kapena mukumwa mankhwala akuchipatala.

ACHES, ZOPweteka, NDI MITU YA MITU

Mankhwala opweteka owonjezera amatha kuthandizira kupweteka mutu, kupweteka kwa nyamakazi, kupindika, ndi zovuta zina zazing'ono zolumikizana ndi minofu.

• Acetaminophen - Yesani mankhwalawa poyamba kuti mumve ululu. Musatenge zoposa 3 magalamu (3,000 mg) tsiku lililonse. Zambiri zimatha kuwononga chiwindi. Kumbukirani kuti magalamu atatu ali ofanana ndi mapiritsi 6 owonjezera mphamvu kapena mapiritsi 9 wamba.
• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs) - Mutha kugula ma NSAID, monga ibuprofen ndi naproxen, popanda mankhwala.

Mankhwala onsewa atha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa ngati mutamwa kwambiri kapena kwa nthawi yayitali. Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa kangapo pa sabata. Mungafunike kufufuza ngati muli ndi zotsatirapo zina.

MALUNGO

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) ndi ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) amathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa ana ndi akulu.

• Tengani acetaminophen maola 4 kapena 6 aliwonse.
• Tengani ibuprofen maola 6 kapena 8 aliwonse. Musagwiritse ntchito ibuprofen mwa ana ochepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
• Dziwani kuti inu kapena mwana wanu mumalemera bwanji musanapereke mankhwalawa.

Aspirin amagwira ntchito bwino pochiza malungo mwa akulu. MUSAMAPATSE mwana aspirin pokhapokha ngati wopezayo akakuwuzani kuti zili bwino.

WOSANGALALA, WOPANDA THUPI, WOKHALA

Mankhwala ozizira amatha kuthana ndi zizindikilo kuti mumve bwino, koma samachepetsa chimfine. Kutenga zinc zowonjezera mkati mwa maola 24 kuyambira chimfine kumatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo komanso kutalika kwa chimfine.

ZINDIKIRANI: Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanapatse mwana wanu mankhwala amtundu uliwonse, ngakhale atalembedwa kuti ndi ana.

Mankhwala akutsokomola:

• Guaifenesin - Amathandizira kuthyola ntchofu. Imwani madzi ambiri mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
• Menthol pakhosi lozenges - Amatsitsimula "kumwetulira" pakhosi (Nyumba, Robitussin, ndi Vicks).
• Mankhwala atsokomola amadzimadzi okhala ndi dextromethorphan - Amathetsa chikhumbo chotsokomola (Benylin, Delsym, Robitussin DM, Simply Cough, Vick 44, ndi masitolo ogulitsa).

Zodzikongoletsera:

• Odzipangira mavitamini amathandiza kutsegula mphuno ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa postnasal.
• Mankhwala opopera mphuno amatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu, koma atha kukhala owopsa ngati muwagwiritsa ntchito masiku opitilira 3 mpaka 5. Zizindikiro zanu zitha kukulirakulira mukapitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
• Funsani omwe akukuthandizani musanadye mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ngati muli ndi vuto la kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena vuto la prostate.
• Zodzikongoletsera pakamwa - Pseudoephedrine (Contac Non-Drowsy, Sudafed, ndi malo ogulitsa); phenylephrine (Sudafed PE ndi masitolo ogulitsa).
• Opopera m'mphuno - Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime, Sinex Spray); phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Makapisozi a Sinex).

Zilonda zapakhosi:

• Opopera kupweteka kwadzidzidzi - Dyclonine (Cepacol); phenol (Chloraseptic).
• Opweteka - Acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve).
• Maswiti olimba omwe amavala pakhosi - Kuyamwa maswiti kapena pakhosi kumatha kukhala kolimbikitsa. Samalani ndi ana aang'ono chifukwa cha chiopsezo chotsamwa.

Ziwopsezo

Mankhwala a antihistamine ndi zakumwa zimagwira bwino ntchito pochiza matendawa.

• Ma antihistamine omwe angayambitse tulo - Diphenhydramine (Benadryl); mankhwala a chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton); brompheniramine (Dimetapp), kapena clemastine (Tavist)
• Ma antihistamine omwe amagonetsa tulo pang'ono kapena ayi - Loratadine (Alavert, Claritin, Dimetapp ND); fexofenadine (Allegra); cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanapereke mankhwala omwe amachititsa kugona kwa mwana, chifukwa angakhudze kuphunzira. Zitha kuthandizanso kukhala tcheru kwa akulu.

Muthanso kuyesa:

• Madontho a diso - Tsitsimutsani kapena sungani maso
• Mphuno yodzitetezera - Cromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), fluticasone (Flonase)

KUSINTHA KWA MIMBA

Mankhwala otsekula m'mimba:

• Mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba monga loperamide (Imodium) - Mankhwalawa amachepetsa m'matumbo ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matumbo.Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani musanawatenge chifukwa amatha kuwonjezera kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda.
• Mankhwala omwe ali ndi bismuth - Atha kumwa mankhwala otsekula m'mimba pang'ono (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol).
• Madzi obwezeretsa madzi m'thupi - Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekula m'mimba mopitirira muyeso (Analytes or Pedialyte).

Mankhwala osanza ndi kusanza:

• Zamadzimadzi ndi mapiritsi okhumudwitsa m'mimba - Zitha kuthandizira kunyoza pang'ono ndikusanza (Emetrol kapena Pepto-Bismol)
• Madzi obwezeretsa madzi m'thupi - Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa madzi amadzimadzi kuchokera kusanza (Enfalyte kapena Pedialyte)
• Mankhwala othandizira kuyenda - Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine); meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Postafen, ndi Miyendo Yam'madzi)

KOPANDA KANTHU NDI KUKHALA

• Antihistamines omwe amatengedwa pakamwa - Atha kuthandizira kuyabwa kapena ngati muli ndi chifuwa
• Kirimu cha Hydrocortisone - Itha kuthandizira ndi zotupa zochepa (Cortaid, Cortizone 10)
• Mafuta opaka mavitamini ndi mafuta odzola - Atha kuthandizira zotupa ndi zotupa zoyambitsidwa ndi yisiti (nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole, ndi ketoconazole)

Mankhwala oti mukhale nawo kunyumba

• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Garza I, Schwedt TJ, Robertson CE, Smith JH. Mutu ndi zowawa zina za craniofacial. Mu: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, olemba. Neurology ya Bradley mu Kuchita Zachipatala. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 103.

Khalani TP. Dermatitis yapamwamba. Mu: Habif TP, mkonzi. Clinical Dermatology: Buku Lopangira Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 5.

Mazer-Amirshahi M, Wilson MD. Mankhwala othandizira mwana wodwala. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 176.

Semrad CE. Yandikirani wodwalayo ndi kutsekula m'mimba komanso kusowa kwa malabsorption. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 131.