Ziwiya zophika ndi zakudya

Ziwiya zophika zitha kukhala ndi gawo pakudya kwanu.

Miphika, ziwaya, ndi zida zina zophikira nthawi zambiri sizimangokhala pakudya. Zinthu zomwe amapangidwazo zitha kulowa mu chakudya chomwe chikuphika.

Zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pophikira ndi ziwiya ndi:

• Zotayidwa
• Mkuwa
• Chitsulo
• Mtsogoleri
• Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
• Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene)

Zotsogolera zonse ndi mkuwa zimalumikizidwa ndi matenda. A FDA adakhazikitsa malire pamiyeso ya lead m'mbale, koma zinthu za ceramic zopangidwa m'maiko ena kapena zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi luso, zosowa zakale, kapena zosonkhanitsidwa zitha kupitilira ndalama zomwe zikulimbikitsidwa. imatha kulowa mu zakudya za acidic, ndikupangitsa poyizoni wamkuwa.

Ziwiya zophika zimatha kukhudza zakudya zilizonse zophika.

Sankhani zophikira zachitsulo ndi zofukizira zomwe zimatsukidwa mosavuta. Pasapezeke ming'alu kapena m'mbali mwamphamvu zomwe zimatha kugwira kapena kusunga chakudya kapena mabakiteriya.

Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo kapena ziwiya zolimba za pulasitiki pazophikira. Ziwiya izi zimatha kukanda pamwamba ndikupangitsa miphika ndi mapeni kutha msanga. Gwiritsani ntchito matabwa, nsungwi kapena silikoni m'malo mwake. Musagwiritse ntchito zophikira ngati chovalacho chayamba kusenda kapena kutha.

Zotayidwa

Aluminium cookware ndiyotchuka kwambiri. Zosasunthika, zotchinga zotsekemera zotsekemera zotsekemera ndizabwino. Pamalo olimba ndikosavuta kuyeretsa. Ili losindikizidwa kotero zotayidwa sizingathe kulowa mchakudya.

Pakhala pali nkhawa m'mbuyomu kuti zotayidwa zophikira zotayidwa zimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Alzheimer's Association inanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zophikira zotayidwa si chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa.

Zosaphika zotayidwa zokhazokha ndizowopsa kwambiri. Zophikira zamtundu uwu zimatha kusungunuka mosavuta. Zitha kuyambitsa kutentha ngati zitentha kwambiri. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa zotayidwa zomwe zophikirazi zimalowa mu chakudya ndizochepa kwambiri.

Mtsogoleri

Ana ayenera kutetezedwa ku zophikira zadothi zokhala ndi lead.

• Zakudya zamchere monga malalanje, tomato, kapena zakudya zomwe zili ndi viniga zimayambitsa kutsogola kwambiri kuchokera ku ceramic cookware kuposa zakudya zopanda acid monga mkaka.
• Mtovu wambiri umalowa mu zakumwa zotentha monga khofi, tiyi, ndi msuzi kuposa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mbale iliyonse yomwe ili ndi fumbi kapena chalky imvi kanema pa glaze itatsukidwa.

Zophikira zina za ceramic siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusungitsa chakudya. Izi zikuphatikiza zinthu zomwe zidagulidwa kudziko lina kapena zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi luso, zosowa zakale, kapena zotoleredwa. Zidutswazi sizingakwaniritse zofunikira za FDA. Makiti oyesera amatha kuzindikira kutsogola kwakukulu kwa zoumbaumba za ceramic, koma kutsika kungakhale kowopsa.

Chitsulo

Iron cookware itha kukhala chisankho chabwino. Kuphika m'miphika yachitsulo kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chitsulo pazakudya. Nthawi zambiri, ichi ndi gwero laling'ono kwambiri lazitsulo pazakudya.

Zamgululi

Teflon ndi dzina loti chovala chosaphika chomwe chimapezeka pamiphika ndi mapeni ena. Lili ndi chinthu chotchedwa polytetrafluoroethylene.

Mitundu yosalumikiza ya mapanizi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kutentha pang'ono kapena kwapakatikati. Sayenera kusiidwa osasamalidwa pakatentha kwambiri. Izi zitha kupangitsa kutulutsa utsi womwe umatha kukwiyitsa anthu komanso ziweto zapakhomo. Zophika zopanda kanthu zitha kutentha kwambiri pakangopita mphindi zochepa.

Pakhala pali nkhawa zakulumikizana kotheka pakati pa Teflon ndi perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), mankhwala opangidwa ndi anthu. Environmental Protection Agency imati Teflon ilibe PFOA chifukwa chake zophika siziika pachiwopsezo.

Mkuwa

Miphika yamkuwa ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha kutentha kwawo. Koma mkuwa wochuluka wochokera ku zophikira zosaphika ungayambitse nseru, kusanza, ndi kutsegula m'mimba.

Zitsulo zina zamkuwa ndi zamkuwa zimakutidwa ndi chitsulo china kuti chakudya chisakhudzane ndi mkuwa. Popita nthawi, zokutira izi zitha kuwonongeka ndikulola mkuwa kusungunuka mchakudya. Zophikira zakale zamkuwa zimakhala ndi zokutira malata kapena faifi tambala ndipo siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Zosapanga dzimbiri zophikira ndizotsika mtengo ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri. Ili ndi malo ophikira ophikira omwe satopa mosavuta. Zipangizo zambiri zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mkuwa kapena zotayidwa zotentha ngakhale zotenthetsera. Mavuto azaumoyo ochokera kuzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndiosowa.

Kudula Matabwa

Sankhani malo monga pulasitiki, marble, galasi, kapena pyroceramic. Zipangizozi ndizosavuta kuyeretsa kuposa nkhuni.

Pewani kuipitsa ndiwo zamasamba ndi mabakiteriya a nyama. Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito bolodula limodzi pazinthu zatsopano ndi mkate. Gwiritsani ntchito ina ya nyama yaiwisi, nkhuku, ndi nsomba. Izi zipewetsa mabakiteriya odulira kuti asalowe mchakudya chomwe sichiphika.

Kukonza matabwa odulira:

• Sambani matabwa onse ndi madzi otentha, sopo mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
• Muzimutsuka ndi madzi omveka bwino ndi mpweya wouma kapena pukutani ndi matawulo oyera.
• Acrylic, pulasitiki, magalasi, ndi matabwa olimba amatha kutsukidwa mu chotsukira mbale (matabwa a laminated atha kusweka ndikugawana).

Kukonza matabwa odulira:

• Gwiritsani ntchito yankho la supuni imodzi (15 milliliters) ya madzi osalala osalala, a klorini pa galoni (malita 3.8) amadzi pamatabwa ndi matabwa apulasitiki.
• Ikani madzi osefukira pamwamba ndi yothira ndi kuwalola kuyimirira kwa mphindi zingapo.
• Muzimutsuka ndi madzi omveka bwino ndi mpweya wouma kapena pukutani ndi matawulo oyera.

Kuchotsa matabwa odulira:

• Matabwa apulasitiki ndi matabwa amatha pakapita nthawi.
• Ponyani matabwa odula omwe atopa kwambiri kapena ali ndi mapiko akuya.

Masiponji a kukhitchini

Masiponji a kukhitchini amatha kumera mabakiteriya, yisiti, ndi nkhungu.

Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ku United States inanena kuti njira zabwino kwambiri zophera majeremusi pa siponji yakukhitchini ndi izi:

• Pangani siponji pamwamba pa miniti imodzi, yomwe imapha mpaka 99% ya majeremusi.
• Yeretseni muchapa chotsuka, pogwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe ochapa komanso owuma komanso kutentha kwa madzi kwa 140 ° F (60 ° C) kapena kupitilira apo.

Sopo ndi madzi kapena bulitchi ndi madzi sizigwiranso ntchito popha majeremusi paziponji. Njira ina ndikugula siponji yatsopano sabata iliyonse.

United States Chakudya & Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo. CPG gawo. 545.450 (ziwiya zadothi); kuitanitsa ndi kubweretsa zowononga zakunyumba. www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cpg-sec-545450-pottery-ceramics-import-and-domestic-lead-contamination.Idasinthidwa Novembala 2005. Idapezeka pa June 20, 2019.

United States Department of Agriculture, Zaulimi Kafukufuku Wofufuza. Njira zabwino zotsukira masiponji okhitchini. www.ars.usda.gov/news-events/news/search-news/2007/best-ways-to-clean-kitchen- sponges. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 22, 2017. Idapezeka pa June 20, 2019.

United States Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi, Chitetezo Chakudya ndi Ntchito Yoyang'anira. Kudula matabwa ndi chitetezo cha chakudya. www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/cutting-boards-and-food-safety/ ct_index. Idasinthidwa mu Ogasiti 2013. Idapezeka pa June 20, 2019.