Yaying'onocephaly

Microcephaly ndimkhalidwe womwe mutu wamutu wa munthu umakhala wocheperako poyerekeza ndi ena amisinkhu yofanana komanso kugonana. Kukula kwa mutu kumayesedwa ngati mtunda kuzungulira mutu. Kukula kocheperako kumatsimikizika pogwiritsa ntchito ma chart okhazikika.

Microcephaly nthawi zambiri imachitika chifukwa ubongo sukula mofanana. Kukula kwa chigaza kumatsimikizika ndikukula kwaubongo. Kukula kwaubongo kumachitika mwana ali m'mimba komanso ali wakhanda.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwaubongo zimatha kuyambitsa zocheperako kuposa kukula kwa mutu. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda, matenda amtundu, komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a microcephaly ndizo:

• Matenda a Cornelia de Lange
• Cri du chat matenda
• Matenda a Down
• Matenda a Rubinstein-Taybi
• Matenda a Seckel
• Matenda a Smith-Lemli-Opitz
• Trisomy 18
• Trisomy 21

Mavuto ena omwe angayambitse microcephaly ndi awa:

• Phenylketonuria (PKU) wosalamulirika mwa mayi
• Methylmercury poyizoni
• Kubadwa rubella
• Toxoplasmosis yobadwa
• Kobadwa nako cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ali ndi pakati, makamaka mowa ndi phenytoin

Kutenga kachilombo ka Zika mukakhala ndi pakati kumayambitsanso tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono. Vika kachilombo ka Zika kamapezeka ku Africa, South Pacific, madera otentha a Asia, ndi ku Brazil ndi madera ena aku South America, komanso Mexico, Central America, ndi Caribbean.

Nthawi zambiri, microcephaly imapezeka pobadwa kapena poyesa mayeso a mwana wakhanda. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati mukuganiza kuti kukula kwa mutu wa khanda lanu ndikuchepa kwambiri kapena sikukula bwino.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati inu kapena mnzanu mwapita kudera lomwe Zika alipo ndipo muli ndi pakati kapena mukuganiza zokhala ndi pakati.

Nthawi zambiri, microcephaly imapezeka pakuwunika kozolowereka. Kuyeza kwamutu ndi gawo la mayeso onse a ana oyenera miyezi 18 yoyambirira. Kuyesa kumangotenga masekondi ochepa pomwe tepi yoyezera imayikidwa kuzungulira mutu wa khanda.

Woperekayo amasunga zolemba pakapita nthawi kuti adziwe:

• Kodi kuzungulira kwake ndi kotani?
• Kodi mutu ukukula pang'onopang'ono kuposa thupi?
• Ndi zisonyezo zina ziti zomwe zilipo?

Kungakhalenso kothandiza kusunga zolemba zanu za kukula kwa mwana wanu. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani mukazindikira kuti mutu wamwana ukuwoneka kuti ukucheperachepera.

Ngati wothandizira wanu atazindikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi microcephaly, muyenera kuzindikira m'mabuku azachipatala a mwana wanu.

• Chibade cha mwana wakhanda
• Yaying'onocephaly
• Ultrasound, yachibadwa mwana wosabadwayo - ventricles ubongo

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Zika kachilombo. www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html. Idasinthidwa pa Juni 4, 2019. Idapezeka Novembala 15, 2019.

Johansson MA, Mier-Y-Teran-Romero L, Reefhuis J, Gilboa SM, Hills SL. Zika ndi chiopsezo cha microcephaly. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375 (1): 1-4. PMID: 27222919 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27222919/.

Wachibale SL, Johnston MV. Kobadwa nako anomalies chapakati mantha dongosolo. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 609.

Mizaa GM, Dobyns WB. Zovuta zakukula kwaubongo. Mu: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, olemba. Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Mfundo ndi Zochita. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 28.