Kugontha kwakumverera

Kusamva kwaumunthu ndi mtundu wa kutayika kwakumva. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa khutu lamkati, mitsempha yomwe imachokera khutu kupita kuubongo (mitsempha yoyesera), kapena ubongo.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Zomveka zina zimawoneka mokweza kwambiri khutu limodzi.
• Mumakhala ndi zovuta kutsatira zokambirana pamene anthu awiri kapena kupitilira apo akuyankhula.
• Mumakhala ndi vuto lakumva m'malo aphokoso.
• Ndikosavuta kumva mawu a amuna kuposa mawu azimayi.
• Ndizovuta kunena mawu okwera kwambiri (monga "s" kapena "th") wina ndi mnzake.
• Mawu a anthu ena akumveka osokosera kapena kusokosera.
• Mumakhala ndi mavuto akumva pakakhala phokoso lakumbuyo.

Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• Kumverera kukhala wopanda malire kapena wamisala (wofala kwambiri ndi matenda a Meniere ndi ma acoustic neuromas)
• Kulira kapena kumveka m'makutu (tinnitus)

M'kati mwa khutu muli timaselo ting'onoting'ono ta tsitsi (mathero aminyewa), omwe amasintha mawu kukhala zikwangwani zamagetsi. Minyewayo imanyamula zikwangwani izi kupita nazo kuubongo.

Kutaya kwakumva kwa sensorineural (SNHL) kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma cell apaderawa, kapena ulusi wamitsempha yamakutu amkati. Nthawi zina, kutayika kwakumva kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imanyamula zidziwitsozo kuubongo.

Kusamva kwaumunthu komwe kumakhalapo pakubadwa (kobadwa nako) nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• Syndromes yachibadwa
• Matenda omwe mayi amapatsira mwana wake m'mimba (toxoplasmosis, rubella, herpes)

SNHL itha kukula mwa ana kapena akulu pambuyo pake (atapeza) chifukwa cha:

• Kutaya kwakumva kokhudzana ndi zaka
• Matenda a mitsempha
• Matenda amthupi
• Matenda, monga meninjaitisi, chikuku, malungo ofiira, ndi chikuku
• Kuvulala
• Phokoso lalikulu kapena phokoso, kapena phokoso lalikulu lomwe limatenga nthawi yayitali
• Matenda a Meniere
• Chotupa, monga acoustic neuroma
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena
• Kugwira ntchito mozungulira phokoso lalikulu tsiku lililonse

Nthawi zina, chifukwa chake sichikudziwika.

Cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuthandizira kumva kwanu. Zotsatirazi zingakhale zothandiza:

• Zothandizira kumva
• Ma amplifiers am'manja ndi zida zina zothandizira
• Kachitidwe ka chitetezo ndi chenjezo kunyumba kwanu
  
• Chilankhulo chamanja (kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lakumva)
• Kuwerenga polankhula (monga kuwerenga milomo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zowonera pothandizira kulumikizana)

Kukhazikika kwa cochlear kungalimbikitsidwe kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto lakumva kwambiri. Opaleshoni yachitika kuti ayike. Kukhazikika kumapangitsa kuti mawu amveke mokweza, koma sikubwezeretsa kumva kwabwino.

Muphunziranso njira zothanirana ndi vuto lakumva ndi upangiri wogawana ndi iwo omwe akukhala pafupi nanu polankhula ndi munthu yemwe samva.

Kusamva kwamitsempha; Kutaya kwakumva - sensorineural; Anamva kumva; SNHL; Kutulutsa kaphokoso komwe kumayambitsa phokoso; NIHL; Presbycusis

• Kutulutsa khutu

Zojambula HA, Adams ME. Kutaya kwakumva kwa akulu. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 152.

Eggermont JJ. Mitundu yakumva. Mu: Eggermont JJ, mkonzi. Kumva Kutaya. Cambridge, MA: Atolankhani a Elsevier Academic; 2017: mutu 5.

Le Prell CG. Kutulutsa kaphokoso komwe kumayambitsa phokoso. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 154.

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disways webusayiti. Kutulutsa kaphokoso komwe kumayambitsa phokoso. NIH Pub. Na. 14-4233. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/noise-induced-hearing-loss. Idasinthidwa pa Meyi 31, 2019. Idapezeka pa June 23, 2020.

Wometa AE, Shibata SB, Smith RJH. Kutaya kwakumverera kwamatenda. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chaputala 150.