Opaleshoni ya m'chiuno

Opaleshoni ya mchiuno imachitidwa kuti ikonzeke yopuma kumtunda kwa fupa la ntchafu. Fupa la ntchafu limatchedwa femur. Ndi mbali yolumikizira mchiuno.

Kupweteka kwa mchiuno ndi mutu wofananira.

Mutha kulandira anesthesia ya opaleshoniyi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala osazindikira ndipo simungathe kumva kupweteka. Mutha kukhala ndi anesthesia ya msana. Ndi mtundu uwu wa dzanzi, mankhwala amaikidwa kumbuyo kwako kuti ufooke pansi pa chiuno. Muthanso kulandira mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi kudzera m'mitsempha yanu kuti mukhale ogona panthawi yochita opareshoni.

Mtundu wa opareshoni yomwe muli nayo imadalira mtundu wovulala womwe muli nawo.

Ngati kuphwanya kwanu kuli m'khosi mwa chikazi (gawo lomwe lili pansipa pamfupa) mutha kukhala ndi njira yolumikizira mchiuno. Pa opaleshoni iyi:

• Mumagona pa tebulo lapadera. Izi zimathandiza dokotala wanu kugwiritsa ntchito makina a x-ray kuti awone momwe ziwalo za fupa lanu la m'chiuno zimakhalira.
• Dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pang'ono m'mbali mwa ntchafu yanu.
• Ziluli zapadera zimayikidwa kuti zithandizire mafupawo molondola.
• Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumatenga maola awiri kapena anayi.

Ngati muli ndi chotupa cha intertrochanteric (dera lomwe lili pansi pakhosi lachikazi), dokotalayo amagwiritsa ntchito mbale yachitsulo yapadera komanso zomangira zapadera kuti akonze. Nthawi zambiri, mafupa angapo amathyoka pamtunduwu. Pa opaleshoni iyi:

• Mumagona pa tebulo lapadera. Izi zimathandiza dokotala wanu kugwiritsa ntchito makina a x-ray kuti awone momwe ziwalo za fupa lanu la m'chiuno zimakhalira.
• Dokotalayo amapanga kudula mbali ya ntchafu yanu.
• Chitsulo kapena msomali wachitsulo umamangiriridwa ndi zomangira zochepa.
• Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumatenga maola awiri kapena anayi.

Dokotala wanu amatha kusintha pang'ono mchiuno (hemiarthroplasty) ngati pali nkhawa kuti chiuno chanu sichichira bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi pamwambapa. Hemiarthroplasty imalowetsa gawo la mpira m'chiuno mwanu.

Ngati wovulala m'chiuno sanalandire chithandizo, mungafunikire kukhala pampando kapena pabedi kwa miyezi ingapo mpaka wovulalayo atachira. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta pachipatala, makamaka ngati ndinu okalamba. Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuchita opaleshoni chifukwa cha zoopsa izi.

Zotsatirazi ndizoopsa za opaleshoni:

• Avaccular necrosis. Apa ndipamene magazi m'magawo ena a chikazi amadulidwa kwakanthawi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti fupa lina lifa.
• Kuvulala kwamitsempha kapena mitsempha yamagazi.
• Ziwalo za fupa la m'chiuno sizingalumikizane konse kapena molondola.
• Magazi amatundikira m'miyendo kapena m'mapapu.
• Kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe (dementia). Achikulire omwe amathyoka mchiuno amatha kukhala ndi vuto loganiza bwino. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni imatha kukulitsa vutoli.
• Zilonda zamavuto (zilonda zowandikira kapena zilonda zapabedi) chifukwa chogona kapena mpando kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Matenda. Izi zingafune kuti mutenge maantibayotiki kapena maopaleshoni ochulukirapo kuti muchepetse matendawa.

Mosakayikira mudzalandiridwa kuchipatala chifukwa chophwanya mchiuno. Mwina simudzatha kulemera mwendo wanu kapena kudzuka pabedi.

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mankhwala omwe mukumwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo mankhwala, zowonjezera, kapena zitsamba zomwe mudagula popanda mankhwala.

Patsiku la opaleshoniyi:

• Muyenera kuti mudzafunsidwa kuti musamwe kapena kudya china chilichonse pakati pausiku musanachite opareshoni. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutafuna chingamu ndi timbewu tomwe timapuma. Muzimutsuka m'kamwa ndi madzi ngati mukuuma, koma musameze.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe wothandizirayo adakuwuzani kuti mutenge ndi madzi pang'ono.
• Ngati mukupita kuchipatala kuchokera kunyumba, onetsetsani kuti mwafika nthawi yomwe mukufuna.

Mudzakhala mchipatala masiku atatu kapena asanu. Kuchira kwathunthu kumatenga miyezi 3 mpaka 4 mpaka chaka.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni:

• Mudzakhala ndi IV (catheter, kapena chubu, yomwe imayikidwa mumtsinje, nthawi zambiri m'manja mwanu). Mudzalandira madzi kudzera mu IV mpaka mutha kumwa nokha.
• Zovala zapadera m'miyendo mwanu zimathandizira kusintha magazi m'miyendo yanu. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga magazi, omwe amapezeka pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya m'chiuno.
• Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opweteka. Dokotala wanu amathanso kukupatsirani maantibayotiki kuti mupewe matenda.
• Mutha kukhala ndi catheter yolowetsedwa mu chikhodzodzo kuti muthe kukodza. Idzachotsedwa mukakonzeka kuyamba kukodza nokha. Nthawi zambiri, amachotsedwa masiku awiri kapena atatu atachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Mutha kuphunzitsidwa kupuma mwamphamvu komanso kutsokomola pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa spirometer. Kuchita izi kumathandiza kupewa chibayo.

Mudzalimbikitsidwa kuyamba kuyenda ndikuyenda posachedwa tsiku loyamba mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera pambuyo povulala mchiuno amatha kupewedwa atadzuka pabedi ndikuyenda mwachangu momwe angathere.

• Mudzathandizidwa pabedi kupita pampando tsiku loyamba mutachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Muyamba kuyenda ndi ndodo kapena woyenda. Mudzafunsidwa kuti musayike cholemera chambiri pamiyendo yomwe idachitidwa opareshoni.
• Mukakhala pabedi, pindani ndi kuwongola mawondo anu nthawi zambiri kuti muwonjezere magazi kuti ateteze magazi.

Mutha kupita kwanu mukadzakhala:

• Mutha kuyenda mozungulira bwinobwino ndikuyenda kapena ndodo.
• Mukuchita zolimbitsa thupi moyenera kuti mulimbitse mchiuno mwanu.
• Nyumba yanu yakonzeka.

Tsatirani malangizo aliwonse omwe mwapatsidwa okhudza kudzisamalira nokha kunyumba.

Anthu ena amafunika kukhala kanthawi kochepa kuchipatala atachoka kuchipatala komanso asanapite kwawo. Pachipatala, muphunzira momwe mungachitire nokha zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo kapena choyenda kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo mutachitidwa opaleshoni.

Mudzachita bwino mukadzuka pabedi ndikuyamba kusuntha mwachangu mukatha opaleshoni. Mavuto azaumoyo omwe amabwera pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chokhala opanda ntchito.

Wothandizira anu adzakuthandizani kusankha nthawi yabwino kuti mupite kunyumba pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi.

Muyeneranso kukambirana ndi omwe amakuthandizani pazifukwa zomwe mudagwera komanso njira zopewera kugwa mtsogolo.

Kukonzekera kwapakati pa trochanteric; Subtrochanteric fracture kukonza; Kukonzanso kwa khosi kwachikazi; Kukonzanso kwa Trochanteric; Opaleshoni ya m'chiuno; Osteoarthritis - m'chiuno

• Kukonzekera nyumba yanu - opaleshoni ya mawondo kapena mchiuno
• M'chiuno wovulala - kumaliseche

Goulet JA. Kusokoneza m'chiuno. Mu: Browner BD, Jupiter JB, Krettek C, Anderson PA, olemba. Chifuwa cha Skeletal: Basic Science, Management, ndikumanganso. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 52.

Membala wa Leslie, Baumgaertner MR. Mitsempha ya m'chiuno yophulika. Mu: Browner BD, Jupiter JB, Krettek C, Anderson PA, olemba. Chifuwa cha Skeletal: Basic Science, Management, ndikumanganso. 5th ed.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 55.

Schuur JD, Cooper Z. Zovuta zakufa. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 184.

Pezani nkhaniyi pa intaneti Weinlein JC. Kupasuka ndi kutuluka kwa chiuno. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Opaleshoni ya Campbell. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 55.