Utoto wa gramu

Kujambula kwa Gram ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mabakiteriya. Imeneyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yodziwira kuti matenda a bakiteriya ali mthupi.

Momwe mayesowo amachitidwira zimadalira minofu kapena madzi amthupi lanu omwe akuyesedwa. Mayesowa akhoza kukhala osavuta, kapena mungafunikire kukonzekera pasadakhale.

• Mungafunike kupereka sputum, mkodzo, kapena chopondapo.
• Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito singano kuti atenge madzi kuchokera m'thupi lanu kuti ayese. Izi zitha kuchokera pacholumikizira, m'thumba lozungulira mtima wanu, kapena kuchokera pamalo ozungulira mapapu anu.
• Wothandizira anu angafunike kutenga zitsanzo za minofu, monga khomo pachibelekeropo kapena pakhungu.

Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labotale.

• Zing'onozing'ono zimafalikira pang'onopang'ono kwambiri pagalasi. Izi zimatchedwa smear.
• Mndandanda wa mabala amawonjezeredwa pachitsanzo.
• Wogwirizira labu akuwona chopaka chopaka pansi pa microscope, kufunafuna mabakiteriya.
• Mtundu, kukula, ndi kapangidwe ka maselo kamathandiza kudziwa mtundu wa mabakiteriya.

Wothandizira anu adzakuuzani zoyenera kuchita pokonzekera mayeso. Kwa mitundu ina ya mayeso, simuyenera kuchita chilichonse.

Momwe mayeso adzamverere zimadalira njira yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito potengera chitsanzo. Simungamve chilichonse, kapena mutha kupsinjika ndi kuwawa pang'ono, monga nthawi ya biopsy. Mutha kupatsidwa mtundu wina wa mankhwala opweteka kotero kuti simumva kupweteka pang'ono kapena simumva kupweteka.

Mutha kukhala ndi mayesowa kuti mupeze matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya. Ikhozanso kuzindikira mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matendawa.

Kuyesaku kungathandize kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• Matenda am'mimba kapena matenda
• Matenda opatsirana pogonana (STDs)
• Kutupa kosadziwika kapena kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe
• Zizindikiro za matenda amtima kapena kamwedwe kamadzimadzi m'thumba lochepa lomwe lazungulira mtima (pericardium)
• Zizindikiro zakutenga kachilombo mozungulira mapapo (malo opembedzera)
• Chifuwa chomwe sichitha, kapena ngati mukukosola zinthu ndi fungo loipa kapena mtundu wosamvetseka
• Kupweteka kwa khungu

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zikutanthauza kuti palibe mabakiteriya kapena mabakiteriya "ochezeka" okha omwe adapezeka. Mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri imakhala m'malo ena amthupi, monga m'matumbo. Mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri samakhala m'malo ena, monga ubongo kapena msana.

Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za tanthauzo la zotsatira zanu zoyeserera.

Zotsatira zachilendo zitha kuwonetsa matenda. Mufunika kuyesedwa kwina, monga chikhalidwe, kuti mudziwe zambiri za matendawa.

Zowopsa zanu zimadalira njira yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kuchotsa minofu kapena madzi m'thupi lanu. Simungakhale pachiwopsezo chilichonse. Zowopsa zina ndizosowa, koma zingaphatikizepo:

• Matenda
• Magazi
• Kuboola mtima kapena mapapo
• Mapapu atagwa
• Mavuto opumira
• Zosokoneza

Kutulutsa kwa urethral - banga la gramu; Ndowe - gramu banga; Chopondapo - banga la Gram; Madzimadzi olowa - Gram banga; Pericardial madzimadzi - gramu banga; Gramu banga la kutulutsa kwaminyezi; Gram banga la chiberekero; Pleural madzimadzi - gramu banga; Sputum - banga la gramu; Zotupa pakhungu - banga la gramu; Gram banga la zotupa pakhungu; Gulu la gram of biopsy

Beavis KG, Charnot-Katsikas A. Kusonkhanitsa mitundu ndi kusamalira matenda opatsirana. Mu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, olemba., Eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Wachitatu. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 64.

Hall GS, Woods gl. Bacteriology yazachipatala. Mu: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, olemba., Eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Wachitatu. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 58.