Ma 3-D Ma Mammograms: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Phindu lake ndi chiyani?
• Zoyipa zake ndi ziti?
• Ndani akuyenera kutsatira njirayi?
• Amagulitsa bwanji?
• Zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera
• Kodi kafukufukuyu akuti chiyani?
• Kutenga

Chidule

Mammogram ndi X-ray ya minofu ya m'mawere. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere. Pachikhalidwe, zithunzizi zatengedwa mu 2-D, chifukwa chake ndi zithunzi zoyera zakuda ndi zoyera zomwe wothandizira zaumoyo amawunika pakompyuta.

Palinso mammograms a 3-D omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mammogram a 2-D kapena okha. Kuyesaku kumatenga zithunzi zingapo za mabere nthawi imodzi kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana, ndikupanga chithunzi chowonekera bwino, chowoneka bwino.

Muthanso kumva ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri womwe umatchedwa kuti mawere a digito kapena kungomvera.

Phindu lake ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndi Statistics of Cancer ya ku America, azimayi pafupifupi 63,000 apezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere yosavomerezeka mu 2019, pomwe azimayi pafupifupi 270,000 apezeka ndi mawonekedwe owopsa.

Kuzindikira msanga ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mutenge matendawa asanafalikire ndikuthandizira kupulumuka.

Ubwino wina wa mammography a 3-D ndi awa:

• Amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
• Ndibwino kuti muzindikire khansa ya m'mawere mwa azimayi achichepere okhala ndi mnofu wamawere.
• Imapanga zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zikufanana ndi zomwe mungapeze ndi CT scan.
• Imachepetsa kuyeseranso kwina kwa madera omwe alibe khansa.
• Ikamachitika yokha, siziwonetsa thupi kutulutsa ma radiation kwambiri kuposa mammography achikhalidwe.

Zoyipa zake ndi ziti?

Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya malo owonetsetsa za khansa ya m'mawere amapereka ma mammograms a 3-D, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ukadaulo uwu sunapezeke kwa aliyense.

Nazi zina mwa zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo:

• Zimawononga zopitilira 2-D, ndipo inshuwaransi itha kuphimba kapena ayi.
• Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muchite ndikumasulira.
• Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mammography a 2-D, kukhudzana ndi radiation ndikotsika pang'ono.
• Ndiukadaulo watsopano, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizowopsa zonse ndi zopindulitsa zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa.
• Zingayambitse matenda opatsirana mopitirira muyeso kapena "kukumbukira zabodza."
• Sikupezeka m'malo onse, chifukwa chake mungafunike kuyenda.

Ndani akuyenera kutsatira njirayi?

Ali ndi zaka 40 azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ayenera kumalankhula ndi omwe amawapatsa zaumoyo nthawi yoyambira kuwunika.

American Cancer Society imalimbikitsa makamaka kuti azimayi azaka zapakati pa 45 ndi 54 azikhala ndi mammograms pachaka, ndikutsatiridwa ndikuchezera zaka ziwiri zilizonse mpaka zaka zosachepera 64.

US Preventive Services Task Force ndi American College of Physicians amalimbikitsa amayi kulandira mammograms chaka chilichonse, kuyambira azaka 50 mpaka 74.

Nanga bwanji za kamvekedwe ka m'mawere? Njira imeneyi itha kukhala ndi phindu kwa azimayi amisinkhu yonse. Izi zati, matupi azimayi atatha kusamba amakhala ochepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotupa zizikhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 2-D.

Zotsatira zake, ma mammograms a 3-D atha kukhala othandiza makamaka kwa azimayi achichepere, omwe ali ndi premenopausal omwe ali ndi mnofu wamafuwa, malinga ndi Harvard Health.

Amagulitsa bwanji?

Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwamitengo, 3-D mammography ndiyokwera mtengo kuposa mammogram yachikhalidwe, chifukwa chake inshuwaransi yanu ikhoza kukulipirani zambiri pakuyesaku.

Ma inshuwaransi ambiri amayesa mayeso a 2-D kwathunthu ngati njira yodzitetezera. Ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mawere, inshuwaransi siyingathe kulipira ndalamazo konse kapena itha kulipiritsa copay mpaka $ 100.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti Medicare idayamba kuyesa kuyesa kwa 3-D mu 2015. Pofika koyambirira kwa 2017, mayiko asanu akuganiza zowonjezeranso kuvomerezedwa kwa mawere a digito. Mayiko omwe ali ndi ngongole zomwe akuphatikiza ndi Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, ndi Texas.

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa ndi mtengo wake, funsani omwe amakupatsani inshuwaransi ya zamankhwala kuti muphunzire za zomwe mukufuna kudziwa.

Zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera

Kukhala ndi mammogram ya 3-D ndikofanana kwambiri ndi chidziwitso cha 2-D. M'malo mwake, kusiyana kokha komwe mungaone ndikuti zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi kuti muyese mayeso a 3-D.

Muzowonera zonse ziwiri, bere lanu limapanikizika pakati pa mbale ziwiri. Kusiyanitsa ndikuti ndi 2-D, zithunzizo zimangotengedwa kuchokera kumakona akutsogolo ndi mbali. Ndi 3-D, zithunzi zimatengedwa mu zomwe zimatchedwa "magawo" kuchokera kumakona angapo.

Nanga bwanji kusapeza bwino? Apanso, zokumana nazo za 2-D ndi 3-D ndizofanana. Palibenso kusapeza komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi mayeso apamwamba kuposa achikhalidwe.

Nthawi zambiri, mutha kukhala ndi mayesero awiri-2 ndi 3-D atachitidwa limodzi. Zitha kutenga ma radiologist kuti atanthauzire zotsatira za mammograms a 3-D chifukwa pali zithunzi zambiri zoti ziwoneke.

Kodi kafukufukuyu akuti chiyani?

Zambiri zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mamamu 3-D atha kusintha kuchuluka kwa khansa.

Pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu The Lancet, ofufuza adasanthula kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mamiliyoni awiri-D okha pogwiritsa ntchito mamiliyoni awiri a 2-D ndi 3-D limodzi.

Mwa khansa 59 yomwe idapezeka, 20 idapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 2-D ndi 3-D. Palibe khansa iliyonse yomwe idapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a 2-D okha.

Kafukufuku wotsatira adanenanso izi koma adachenjeza kuti kuphatikiza kwa 2-D ndi 3-D mammography kumatha kubweretsa "kukumbukira zonama." Mwanjira ina, ngakhale kuti khansa yambiri imapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ena, itha kubweretsa kuthekera kokudziwa matenda mopitirira muyeso.

Kafukufuku wina adayang'ana kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe zimatengera kupeza zithunzi ndikuziwerenga ngati ali ndi khansa. Ndi mammograms a 2-D, nthawi yayitali inali pafupifupi mphindi zitatu ndi masekondi 13. Ndi mammograms a 3-D, nthawi yayitali inali pafupifupi mphindi 4 ndi masekondi atatu.

Kutanthauzira zotsatira ndi 3-D kudalinso kwakutali: masekondi 77 motsutsana ndi masekondi 33. Ofufuzawo anapeza kuti nthawi yowonjezerayi inali yabwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza kwa zithunzi za 2-D ndi 3-D kumathandizira kuwunika molondola ndikuwonetsa kukumbukira pang'ono.

Kutenga

Lankhulani ndi dokotala za mammograms a 3-D, makamaka ngati ndinu premenopausal kapena mukukayikira kuti muli ndi mnofu wamawere. Wothandizira inshuwaransi akhoza kufotokozera ndalama zilizonse zogwirizana, komanso kugawana nawo malo pafupi nanu omwe amayesa 3-D.

Mosasamala njira yomwe mungasankhe, ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsedwe pachaka. Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere msanga kumathandiza kuti matendawa asafalikire mbali zina za thupi.

Kupeza khansa koyambirira kumatseguliranso njira zina zamankhwala ndipo zitha kukupulumutsirani.