Actinic Keratosis

Zamkati

• Nchiyani chimayambitsa actinic keratosis?
• Zizindikiro za actinic keratosis ndi ziti?
• Kodi actinic keratosis imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi actinic keratosis imachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Chisamaliro
• Cauterization
• Cryotherapy
• Thandizo lamankhwala
• Phototherapy
• Kodi mungapewe bwanji actinic keratosis?

Kodi actinic keratosis ndi chiyani?

Mukamakula, mungayambe kuwona mawanga akuthwa, akuthwa m'manja mwanu, mikono, kapena nkhope. Mawangawa amatchedwa actinic keratoses, koma amadziwika kuti malo opangira dzuwa kapena mawanga azaka.

Actinic keratoses nthawi zambiri amakula m'malo omwe awonongeka ndi zaka zowonekera padzuwa. Amapanga mukakhala ndi actinic keratosis (AK), yomwe ndi khungu lofala kwambiri.

AK imachitika khungu la khungu lotchedwa keratinocytes limayamba kukula modabwitsa, ndikupanga zotupa, zotuwa. Zikopa za khungu zitha kukhala iliyonse yamtunduwu:

• bulauni
• khungu
• imvi
• pinki

Amakonda kuwonekera pamagulu amthupi omwe amawonekera kwambiri padzuwa, kuphatikiza izi:

• manja
• mikono
• nkhope
• khungu
• khosi

Actinic keratoses si khansa iwonso. Komabe, amatha kupita ku squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), ngakhale kuthekera kochepa.

Akasiyidwa osalandila chithandizo, mpaka 10% ya actinic keratoses amatha kupita ku SCC. SCC ndiye mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa khansa yapakhungu. Chifukwa cha chiopsezo ichi, mawanga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi ndi dokotala kapena dermatologist. Nawa zithunzi za SCC ndikusintha komwe muyenera kusamala.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa actinic keratosis?

AK amayamba makamaka chifukwa chokhala padzuwa kwanthawi yayitali. Muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga vutoli ngati:

• ali ndi zaka zopitilira 60
• okhala ndi khungu loyera komanso maso a buluu
• kukhala ndi chizolowezi chowotcha dzuwa mosavuta
• khala ndi mbiri yakupsa ndi dzuwa koyambirira kwa moyo
• akhala akuwonekera padzuwa nthawi zambiri pamoyo wako
• ali ndi kachilombo ka papilloma (HPV)

Zizindikiro za actinic keratosis ndi ziti?

Actinic keratoses imayamba ngati yolimba, yotupa, yamagazi. Zigawo zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati chofufutira pensulo. Pakhoza kukhala kuyabwa kapena kutentha m'deralo.

Popita nthawi, zotupa zimatha kutha, kukulitsa, kukhalabe momwemo, kapena kukhala SCC. Palibe njira yodziwira kuti ndi zotupa ziti zomwe zitha kukhala khansa. Komabe, muyenera kuyezetsa madotolo anu nthawi yomweyo mukawona zosintha izi:

• kuuma kwa chotupacho
• kutupa
• kukulitsa mwachangu
• magazi
• kufiira
• zilonda zam'mimba

Musachite mantha ngati pali kusintha kwa khansa. SCC ndiyosavuta kuzindikira ndikumachiza kumayambiriro.

Kodi actinic keratosis imapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu atha kudziwa kuti AK ndi kungoyang'ana. Angafune kutenga kachilombo ka khungu pazilonda zilizonse zomwe zimawoneka ngati zokayikitsa. Chikopa cha khungu ndiyo njira yokhayo yopanda nzeru yodziwira ngati zotupa zasintha kukhala SCC.

Kodi actinic keratosis imachiritsidwa bwanji?

AK atha kuthandizidwa motere:

Chisamaliro

Kuchotsa khungu kumaphatikizapo kudula zotupa pakhungu. Dokotala wanu angasankhe kuchotsa minofu yowonjezera mozungulira kapena pansi pa chotupacho ngati pali nkhawa za khansa yapakhungu. Kutengera kukula kwa cheke, ma stitch atha kukhala osafunikira kapena osafunikira.

Cauterization

Mu cauterization, chotupacho chikuwotchedwa ndimagetsi. Izi zimapha maselo akhungu omwe akhudzidwa.

Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy, yotchedwanso cryosurgery, ndi mtundu wamankhwala omwe chotupacho chimapopera mankhwala a cryosurgery, monga madzi a nayitrogeni. Izi zimaziziritsa ma cell zikalumikizana ndikuwapha. Chotupacho chidzagwidwa ndi kugwa patatha masiku ochepa chitachitika.

Thandizo lamankhwala

Mankhwala ena monga 5-fluorouracil (Carac, Efudex, Fluoroplex, Tolak) amayambitsa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zilondazo. Mankhwala ena apakhungu akuphatikizapo imiquimod (Aldara, Zyclara) ndi ingenol mebutate (Picato).

Phototherapy

• Pakati pa phototherapy, yankho limagwiritsidwa ntchito pachilonda ndi khungu lomwe lakhudzidwa. Kenako malowa amawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa laser komwe kumayang'ana ndikupha ma cell. Mayankho omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa phototherapy amaphatikizapo mankhwala akuchipatala, monga aminolevulinic acid (Levulan Kerastick) ndi methyl aminolevulinate cream (Metvix).

Kodi mungapewe bwanji actinic keratosis?

Njira yabwino yopewera AK ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa dzuwa. Izi zithandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yapakhungu. Kumbukirani kuchita izi:

• Valani zipewa ndi malaya okhala ndi manja aatali mukakhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
• Pewani kutuluka panja masana dzuwa likamawala kwambiri.
• Pewani mabedi ofufuta.
• Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa mukakhala panja. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zoteteza ku dzuwa ndi zoteteza ku dzuwa (SPF) zosachepera 30. Iyenera kutsekereza ma ultraviolet A (UVA) ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet B (UVB).

Ndibwinonso kuyesa khungu lanu pafupipafupi. Fufuzani za kukula kwa zophuka zatsopano za khungu kapena kusintha kulikonse komwe kulipo:

• ziphuphu
• zizindikiro zobadwa
• timadontho-timadontho
• ziphuphu

Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana zophuka zatsopano kapena kusintha m'malo awa:

• nkhope
• khosi
• makutu
• nsonga ndi kumunsi kwa mikono ndi manja anu

Konzani nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wanu posachedwa ngati muli ndi malo owopsa pakhungu lanu.