Mitengo Yopulumuka ndi Chiyembekezo cha Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Zamkati

• Kodi mitengo yonse ndi yotani kwa ONSE?
• Mwa ana
• Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kupulumuka?
• Kodi zaka zimakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?
• Kodi mtundu WONSE umakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?
• Chromosomal zovuta
• Kodi kuyankha kwamankhwala kumakhudza bwanji kuchuluka kwa moyo?
• Kodi kufalikira kwa ONSE kumakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?
• Kodi kuchuluka kwa WBC kumakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?
• Kodi munthu angatani kuti apirire ndi kupeza chithandizo?
• Fufuzani za matendawa
• Fikirani ku gulu lanu lachipatala
• Taganizirani mankhwala othandizira
• Pangani gawo logawira abwenzi ndi okondedwa

Kodi acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya m'magazi ya lymphocytic (ALL) ndi mtundu wa khansa. Gawo lirilonse la dzina lake limakuwuzani china chake chokhudza khansa yomweyi:

• Pachimake. Khansara nthawi zambiri imakula msanga ndipo imafuna kuwazindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Popanda chithandizo, maselo am'mafupa sangakhwime bwino, ndipo munthu sangakhale ndi fupa lokwanira lathanzi. M'mafupa mumalowa m'malo mwa ma lymphocyte omwe amakula msanga.
• Lymphocytic. Khansayo imakhudza ma lymphocyte am'magazi oyera amunthu (WBCs). Mawu ena omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi lymphoblastic.
• Khansa ya m'magazi. Khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa yamagazi.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ZONSE zomwe zilipo. Mitengo yopulumuka ya ONSE imadalira mtundu wamunthu womwe ali nawo.

YONSE ndi khansa yofala kwambiri yaubwana, koma imakhala ndi machiritso ambiri mwa ana. Ngakhale kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu opulumuka sikukhala kwakukulu mukamakula mwa achikulire, akukulira pang'onopang'ono.

Kodi mitengo yonse ndi yotani kwa ONSE?

National Cancer Institute (NCI) ikuyerekeza kuti anthu 5,960 alandila matenda a ALL ku United States mu 2018. Pafupifupi anthu 1,470 amwalira ndi matendawa mu 2018.

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwakupulumuka, monga zaka zopezeka matenda ndi mtundu wa ZONSE.

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu ku United States ndi 68.1 peresenti, inatero NCI. Komabe, manambalawa akusintha pang'onopang'ono. Kuchokera mu 1975 mpaka 1976, zaka zisanu zapakati pazaka zonse zinali zosakwana 40%.

Ngakhale anthu ambiri omwe amadziwika kuti ONSE ndi ana, kuchuluka kwa anthu aku America omwe ali ndi ONSE omwe amwalira ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 65 ndi 74.

Mwambiri, pafupifupi 40% ya achikulire omwe ali ndi ONSE amachiritsidwa nthawi ina akamachiritsidwa, akuganiza kuti American Cancer Society. Komabe, mankhwalawa amadalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga gawo la ZONSE ndi zaka zomwe munthu amapezeka.

Munthu "amachiritsidwa" KWA ONSE ngati ali ndi chikhululukiro chokwanira kapena kupitilira apo. Koma chifukwa pali mwayi woti khansayo ibwererenso, madotolo sanganene motsimikiza kuti munthu wachiritsidwa. Zomwe anganene ndikuti ngati pali zizindikiro za khansa panthawiyo kapena ayi.

Mwa ana

Malinga ndi NCI, kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu kwa ana aku America omwe ali ndi ALL kuli pafupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti 85% ya aku America omwe ali ndi ubwana ONSE amakhala zaka zosachepera zisanu atalandiridwa ndi khansa.

Ziwerengero zaopulumuka kwa ONSE, makamaka kwa ana, zikupitilizabe kusintha pakapita nthawi pamene mankhwala atsopano akupangidwa.

Madokotala angaganize kuti ambiri mwa ana awa akhoza kuchiritsidwa ku khansa yawo ngati akhala okhululukidwa kwathunthu kwa zaka zoposa zisanu. Kukhululukidwa kumatanthauza kuti pali zizindikilo zochepa za khansa.

Kukhululukidwa kumatha kukhala pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Mukakhululukidwa kwathunthu, mulibe zizindikilo za khansa. ONSE amatha kubwerera atakhululukidwa, koma chithandizo chitha kuyambiranso.

NCI ikuti pakati pa ana aku America omwe ali ndi ONSE, akuti akukwaniritsa chikhululukiro. Kukhululukidwa kumatanthawuza kuti mwana alibe zizindikiritso za vutoli ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma cell amwazi kumakhala malire.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kupulumuka?

Zinthu zingapo zimatha kukhudza kupulumuka kwamunthu kutsatira zotsatira ZONSE, monga msinkhu wa munthu kapena kuchuluka kwa WBC panthawi yodziwitsa. Madokotala amalingalira chilichonse mwazinthu izi popereka mawonekedwe amunthu.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti malingaliro awa ndi kuyerekezera kwa dotolo kupulumuka kupatsidwa chidziwitso cha matenda omwe ali nawo pakadali pano.

Kodi zaka zimakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?

Malinga ndi NCI, kafukufuku wina apeza kuti anthu amakhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka ngati ali ndi zaka 35 kapena kupitilira apo. Mwambiri, achikulire omwe ali ndi ONSE amakhala ndi malingaliro osauka kuposa achinyamata.

Ana amaonedwa kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu atapitirira zaka 10.

Kodi mtundu WONSE umakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?

Anthu omwe ali ndi ma cell subtypes, kuphatikiza pre-B, wamba, kapena pre-B, amadziwika kuti ali ndi mwayi wopulumuka kuposa omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi ya B-cell (Burkitt).

Chromosomal zovuta

Mitundu yambiri YONSE ilipo. Khansa yomwe imayambitsa ZONSE imatha kupanga kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa ma chromosomes amunthu. Dokotala wotchedwa pathologist amafufuza ma cell a khansa omwe ali pansi pa microscope.

Mitundu ingapo yamavuto okhudzana ndi chromosomal imalumikizidwa ndi malingaliro osauka. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Ph1-positive t (9; 22) zovuta
• BCR / ABL-yokonzanso khansa ya m'magazi
• (4; 11)
• Kuchotsa chromosome 7
• trisomy 8

Ngati dokotala atakupatsani matenda ONSE, angakuuzeni mtundu wamaselo a leukemia omwe muli nawo.

Kodi kuyankha kwamankhwala kumakhudza bwanji kuchuluka kwa moyo?

Anthu omwe amafulumira kulandira chithandizo cha ONSE atha kukhala ndi chiyembekezo.Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti mufike pakukhululukidwa, malingaliro nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhala abwino.

Ngati mankhwala a munthu atenga nthawi yopitilira milungu inayi kuti akhululukidwe, izi zimatha kusintha malingaliro awo.

Kodi kufalikira kwa ONSE kumakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?

ZONSE zimatha kufalikira ku ubongo wa msana (CSF) mthupi. Kukulirakulira kufalikira ku ziwalo zapafupi, kuphatikiza CSF, malingaliro osauka ndi omwe ali osawuka.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa WBC kumakhudza bwanji kupulumuka?

Omwe ali ndi chiwonetsero chokwera kwambiri cha WBC atapezeka (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala oposa 50,000 mpaka 100,000) amakhala ndi malingaliro osauka.

Kodi munthu angatani kuti apirire ndi kupeza chithandizo?

Kumva dokotala akukuuzani kuti muli ndi khansa sikophweka. Komabe, mitundu yambiri ya ZONSE imatha kuchiritsidwa. Mukamalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, pali njira zambiri zokuthandizirani zomwe zingakuthandizeni paulendowu.

Zina mwa njira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito zalembedwa pansipa:

Fufuzani za matendawa

Kuphunzira zambiri kuchokera kumabungwe olemekezeka, ofufuzidwa bwino kumatha kukuthandizani kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe mungakhalire komanso chisamaliro chanu.

Zitsanzo za zinthu zabwino ndizo:

• Khansa ya m'magazi & Lymphoma Society
• American Cancer Society

Fikirani ku gulu lanu lachipatala

Kuchiza khansa nthawi zambiri kumakhudza momwe gulu limasamalirira. Malo ambiri a khansa amakhala ndi oyendetsa khansa omwe amatha kukumana ndi zothandizira ndikuthandizani.

Ambiri mwa akatswiri azaumoyo atha kukuthandizani kapena wokondedwa wanu. Zikuphatikizapo:

• asing'anga
• ogwira nawo ntchito
• madokotala
• akatswiri moyo wamwana
• oyang'anira milandu
• ophunzitsa

Taganizirani mankhwala othandizira

Mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kupumula komanso kupumula kwa nkhawa zitha kukuthandizani kuchipatala. Zitsanzo zingaphatikizepo kutikita minofu kapena kutema mphini.

Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala musanayambe mankhwala ena othandizira monga zitsamba, mavitamini, kapena zakudya zapadera.

Pangani gawo logawira abwenzi ndi okondedwa

Mwinanso mungakumane ndi anthu ambiri omwe angafune kukuthandizani kapena kulandira zosintha zamomwe mukuchitira munthawi zonse zamankhwala anu.

Ngati mukufuna kugawana zosintha izi, lingalirani masamba monga Caring Bridge. Kwa abwenzi omwe akufuna kuthandiza, pali zinthu monga Chakudya Chakudya. Amalola abwenzi kusaina kuti apereke chakudya.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pali abwenzi ambiri, abale, ndi mabungwe omwe akufuna kukuthandizani pochira ndikuchira kwa ONSE.