Kodi Tikutaya Ana Athu Aakazi?

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Tsiku lililonse, atsikana achichepere [azaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 14] amatha kupezeka akudya chakudya cham'mawa ndi nkhomaliro kuchipinda chosambira kusukulu. Ndi chinthu chamagulu: kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo, mankhwala atsopano osankhika. Amapita m’magulu a awiri kapena khumi ndi awiri, nasinthana m’makola, akuphunzitsana. . .

“M’gulu la anzanga, timakonda kudwala matenda ochepetsa ma kilogalamu asanu.’ Kuchepetsa mapaundi asanu kumakhala bwino nthawi zonse. Ndiyenera kuvomereza, ndachita zonse kuti ndichepetse thupi. Ndasala kudya masiku khumi molunjika, ndathilitsidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, ndachita maora ochulukirapo kuposa ayi, ndidadya letesi pa 6 pm kuti ndingotaya.Ndikudziwa kuti ndikudwala, koma ndimabisa zambiri mwazinthu izi.Anzanga awiri akudziwa chifukwa nawonso amadwala.Tili ndi mipikisano yanjala, muwone yemwe angalemetse osachepera sabata yamawa. .

"Ndimadana nazo kunena, koma ndi msungwana wapadera yemwe alibe anorexic kapena bulimic, kusukulu kwathu. Izi ndizabwinobwino. Ndine wabwinobwino ndipo anzanga ndi abwinobwino. Ndife akazi amtsogolo."

Zomwe mwawerengazi ndi za mwana wazaka 7 -- palibe dzina loti liwulule zomwe ali; ayi "wokondedwa kapena moona mtima" kuti athetse kukhalapo kwake, palibe adilesi yobwerera kuti ayankhe. Tikadangotaya kalatayo mu zinyalala. Koma titani ndi ena onse onga iwo - mayankho masauzande omwe adabwera titaitana atsikana onse azaka zapakati pa 11 ndi 17 kuti ayankhe kafukufuku wathu wazithunzi?

Pamayesero ndi masautso onse amene inu ndi ine tinakumana nawo, kukwera kwamasiku ano paunyamata ndi koopsa kwambiri. Ngakhale kukwera kwa matenthedwe ofufuza kwam'chilimwe komwe kudutsa pano pa cyberblur pamsewu wodziwitsa zambiri, woyandikana naye wina amangopanga mabomba kuseli kwa dzenje lodyera. Inde, ife ngati achinyamata tingakhale ndi chisoni chifukwa cha kugonana, koma atsikana amakono amadandaula kuti adzafa nazo. Ndipo ngakhale kuti umbanda siwatsopano, kodi tinakhalapo m'kalasi kumadzifunsa ngati munthu yemwe anali pa desiki yotsatira anali ndi mfuti yodzaza pansi pa buluku lake?

Pomaliza, ino ndi nthawi yoti ana azaka 9 amawerengera ma calorie awo mwachangu kuposa zomwe amalandira, ndipo vuto la kudya limapezeka paliponse ngati la Levi. Nthaŵi inanso, pamene achinyamata ena, m’kulephera kwawo kulimbana ndi matupi amene amadana nawo, amalambalala spoons ndi mafoloko, kulunjika kumene kukatenga mpeni. "Palibe amene amafuna kulankhula za kudzicheka, koma atsikana amachita," anatero Peggy Orenstein, wolemba mabuku Atsikana Akusukulu: Azimayi Achinyamata, Kudzidalira ndi Kusiyana kwa Chidaliro (Doubleday, 1994), yemwe adazindikira kuti m'modzi mwa maphunziro ake a 8 anali akudziyambitsa zibaluni ndi zoyatsira ndudu. "Ndi njira yothetsera mkwiyo wako pathupi lako. Ndasokonezeka."

Kodi atsikana achichepere onse apita kuti? M'malo mokula ngati maluwa akufalikira, zikuwoneka kuti apulutsidwa m'munda waubwana ngati mfuti. Mwachilengedwe, akathawa, amakwera mpira kuti apewe zachiwawa.

Zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe zonse zomwe mungachite ndikudikirira kuti moyo ukhale wabwino pomwe aliyense wokuzungulirani sangayese kumvetsetsa kuti umayipa bwanji.

-16, Michigan

Pozindikira mavuto omwe akukula, ife ku Shape tidalumikizana ndi bungwe lopanda phindu la Melpomene Institute ku St. Paul, Minnesota, lotchuka chifukwa cha kafukufuku wake wazimayi. Pamodzi, tidapanga kafukufuku yemwe angafufuze gawo la moyo wa mtsikana pomwe, kwa ena, mawonekedwe amthupi amayamba kuvunda ndikuipitsa kudzidalira kwathunthu, pomwe kwa ena, kudalira kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe kumakhalabe kwakukulu. Chifukwa chiyani pali kusiyana? Tinkafuna kudziwa. Kodi tingaphunzire kuwononga njira zowonongera ndikuletsa zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi chakudya ndi kulemera zomwe ife monga akulu timakumana nazo? Pafupifupi mayankho 3,800 ndi miyezi ingapo yoyeserera pambuyo pake, tili ndi mayankho. Koma choyamba, tiyeni tiwone diso la wachinyamata pazomwe zikuzungulira.

Kumanani ndi Cory (osati dzina lake lenileni), wazaka 16 wochokera m'tawuni yaying'ono ku Michigan - msungwana wamtundu yemwe amalemba kafukufuku wake akumwetulira, ali ndi chibwenzi, ndipo zowonadi, amamuzunza. ("Atsikana ambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire akuchita," atero a Cory patelefoni. "Oipitsitsa kwambiri amabwera. Anthu onga ine, palibe amene amawawona.") M'malingaliro ake, mavuto amayamba ndi atsikana achichepere chifukwa, "Ife sitingalole kudzilola kukhala omwe tili, chifukwa chake timayamba kumva kuti munthu amene timamubisayo siwofunika kalikonse. Popanda china choti chititsimikizire kuti tikufunika, tatayika. Ndipo kutayika ndi malo owopsa Kukhala chifukwa. Chifukwa chake chilichonse chopenga, timayamba kuganiza kuti kukhala okongola, kukhala angwiro, kukhala olamulira kudzatipatsa zomwe tikufuna. "

Atsikana ambiri azaka zapakati pa 11 kapena 12 amayamba kuletsa mawu awo ndikutaya kulimba mtima kwawo-kulimba mtima kulankhula zakukhosi molunjika kuchokera pansi pamtima-molingana ndi ntchito yaupainiya ya Annie G. Rogers, Ph.D., ndi Carol Gilligan, Ph.D ., Omwe pamodzi ndi ena ku Harvard Project on Women's Psychology and Girls 'Development akhala akuphunzira achinyamata kwa zaka 20. Pakadali pano, akuti ofufuzawo, achinyamata nthawi zambiri amapita "mobisa" ndi malingaliro awo enieni ndikumverera ndikuyamba kusokoneza mawu awo ndi "Sindikudziwa."

Palibe zambiri zolimbikitsira atsikana achichepere. Palibe, "Chabwino, mutha kutero." Ziri nthawizonse, "Msiyeni m'bale wako achite izo." Ndi zakupha.

-18, New Jersey

Mu 1991, kafukufuku wowopsa wa American Association of University Women (AAUW) adawonetsa momwe kudzidalira kumatsikira pomwe atsikana amapyola pazaka zawo zaunyamata, makamaka pakati pa azungu ndi Hispanics: 60% ya atsikana asukulu zoyambira adati nthawi zonse amakhala " wokondwa momwe ndiliri, "koma 29% yokha ya ophunzira aku sekondale ndiomwe adanenanso zomwezo - dontho lomwe likuwonetsa kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, poganizira kuti anyamatawo adangotsika ndi 67% mpaka 46%. Pakadali pano, kafukufukuyu adawonanso kuti ngakhale anyamata amatchula maluso awo monga momwe amadzikondera okha, akazi amatengera kufunika kwawo pakuwoneka.

Anne Bryant, mkulu wa AAUW anati: “Koma ngakhale kuti atsikana ndi anyamata amapeza magiredi ofanana—asungwana angachite bwino kwambiri—mauthenga amene amalandira kuchokera m’chitaganya, m’magazini, pa TV, kwa anzawo ndi achikulire n’chakuti kufunikira kwawo n’kochepa ndiponso kuti kufunika kwawo n’kosiyana ndi kwa anyamatawo. .

Funso: Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zimene zimakusangalatsani ndi mmene mumaonekera?

Yankho: Ndikathamanga mamailosi asanu ndipo nditha kudumpha nkhomaliro.

Q: Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhumudwa ndi mawonekedwe anu?

Y: Pamene sindichita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo [ndimadya].

-17, Washington

Ndithudi, msungwana wamakono wazaka zapakati amaphunzira kuyeza kufunikira kwake pa sikelo—kutsika kwachiŵerengero, m’pamenenso amakhoza bwino kwambiri. Ndipo ndi ma calories ndi mafuta omwe tsopano amasindikizidwa pazinthu zambiri zamagolosale, amadyadi masamu ochotsa thupi. National Institute of Mental Health ikuyerekeza kuti 1% ya atsikana achichepere amakhala ndi anorexia nervosa ndipo enanso awiri mwa atatu mwa atatu mwa atsikana onse amadwala bulimia. Koma ziwerengerozi zimanena za zovuta kwambiri zamankhwala; kuchokera m'maakaunti onse, kudya kosavomerezeka kwalowa pafupifupi chakudya chilichonse cha kusekondale.

Catherine Steiner-Adair, Ed.D., mkulu wa maphunziro, kupewa ndi kufalitsa pa Harvard Eating Disorder Center yatsopano, akuwona kuti matenda ovutika kudya ndi "mayankho osinthika" ku chikhalidwe chomwe chimayesa mtsikana wamng'ono, "Kutaya mapaundi asanu ndipo iwe" umva bwino,” kwinaku akumukakamiza kuti adziphe ndi njala m’maganizo kuti apite patsogolo.

Steiner-Adair akufotokoza kuti kuyambira ali mwana, mkazi amaphunzitsidwa kudalira kwambiri kuvomerezedwa ndi mayankho ochokera kwa ena ndi kupanga kudziwika kwake m'nkhani ya maubwenzi. Koma paunyamata amayembekezeka kusintha magiya kukhala njira yodzipangira yekha, kukhala wodziyimira pawokha kwa anthu momwe amuna amakhalira - ngati akufuna kuwongolera pokwera makwerero a ntchito.

Mu kafukufuku wina, Steiner-Adair analekanitsa atsikana 32, azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 18, m’magulu awiri: Achinyamata a Wise Woman atha kuzindikira zomwe zikuyembekezera pachikhalidwe koma amaikabe maganizo awo pa kufunikira kwa maubwenzi pamene ankafuna kudzikwaniritsa ndi kudzikhutiritsa. Atsikana a Super Woman amawoneka kuti amaphatikiza kuchepa ndi kudziyimira pawokha, kupambana ndikuzindikiritsa kuchita bwino pawokha, kuyesetsa kukhala chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri - wochita masewera otchuka, wolemera kwambiri, purezidenti wamakampani. Ngakhale kuti atsikana ambiri ankadera nkhawa za kulemera kwawo, Steiner-Adair anapeza kuti atsikana a Super Women okha ndiwo anali pa ngozi ya vuto la kudya.

Aliyense amandiuza kuti mlongo wanga wamkulu ndi wokongola - ali ndi anorexic komanso bulimic.

17-Canada

Mwachiwonekere, si mwana wazaka 13 aliyense amene ali ndi vuto la kudya, mocheperapo zizindikiro za Bulimia Club, koma chithunzi cha kusanza kwakukulu chikuwoneka kuti chikufotokoza bwino mbadwo wa pambuyo pa X wa atsikana omwe akuyeretsa zikhulupiriro zawo zamkati ndi chidaliro- kugwiritsabe, m'malo mwake, ku nthambi zosalimba zowoneka bwino paphiri laphokoso mpaka ukazi. Nthawi zambiri, nthambi zimathyoka.

"Tiyenera kukhulupirira kuti ndife oyenera, kuti sitiyenera kukhala angwiro, kuti tizingokhala zomwe tili," Cory akutero. "Koma utha kulembapo izi osapangitsabe anthu kumvetsetsa... Ndikulakalaka ndikadakhala wocheperako. Ndimangokhalira kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, ndipo pazifukwa zina sindingathe kudziponyera chomaliza cha mankhwala anga ofewetsa tuvi tolimba," akuwonjezera.

Pamapeto pake, palibe aliyense wa ife amene angagwetse chikhalidwecho yekha, koma zotsatira za kafukufuku wathu wazithunzi za thupi zikuwonetsa kuti monga munthu payekha, titha kupanga zosintha zazing'ono zomwe zimawonjezera. Ngakhale titamathandiza msungwana m'modzi kukumbukira mawu ake komanso kukhala otsimikiza za thupi lake, izi sizingatheke m'badwo wotsatira.

Sindikudziwa momwe ndimawonekera. Masiku ena ndimadzuka ndikumva ngati blob yakale kwambiri. Nthawi zina ndimamva bwino. Zikuwonjezera moyo wanga, chithunzi chonse cha thupi.

- Cory, wazaka 16

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