Funsani Katswiri: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Matenda Anu a HER2 +

Zamkati

• 1. Kodi HER2-positive ikutanthauza chiyani?
• 2. Kodi ndidzafunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni? Ngati ndi choncho, ndi ziti zomwe ndingasankhe?
• 3. Kodi ndi njira ziti zamankhwala zomwe zingapezeke?
• 4. Zolinga za mankhwala ndi ziti?
• 5. Kodi malingaliro a khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 ndi yotani?
• 6. Kodi pali zovuta zina zamankhwala, ndipo ndingathane nazo bwanji?
• 7. Kodi pali njira zina zosinthira moyo wanga zomwe ndiyenera kusintha nditapezeka ndi matendawa?
• 8. Kodi chiopsezo changa chotha kubwereranso ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 ndi chiyani?

1. Kodi HER2-positive ikutanthauza chiyani?

HER2-positive imayimira kukula kwa epidermal factor factor receptor 2. Maselo mthupi amalandila mauthenga oti akule ndikufalikira kuchokera kuma receptors omwe ali kunja kwa selo. Ma receptors awa amamvetsetsa ma enzyme osiyanasiyana, kapena amithenga, omwe amapangidwa mthupi. Mapulogalamuwa amayang'anira maselo osiyanasiyana ndikuwauza choti achite (mwachitsanzo, kukula, kufalikira, kapena kufa).

Mapulogalamuwa amakhalanso kunja kwa maselo a khansa. Koma, maselo a khansa atha kukhala ndi zolandila zochulukirapo kuposa khungu labwinobwino. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku, komanso kusintha kwina kuzungulira khungu la khansa, kumawalola kulandira mauthenga ambiri kuti akule ndikufalikira poyerekeza ndi maselo abwinobwino, osagwiritsa ntchito khansa. Timawatcha ma receptors "oncodrivers," kutanthauza kuti amayendetsa khansa kukula.

Zikatero, khansara imatha kudalira ma receptors kuti apitilize kukula ndikufalikira. Ma receptors awa atatsekedwa ndikusaloledwa kulandira mauthenga, selo silimatha kukula kapena kufalikira.

Mu khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2, kuchuluka kwa zotengera za HER2 kunja kwa khungu ndikokulirapo kuposa momwe zimakhalira mu selo yabwinobwino, yopanda khansa. Izi zimathandizira kuyendetsa khansa kukula ndikufalikira.

2. Kodi ndidzafunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni? Ngati ndi choncho, ndi ziti zomwe ndingasankhe?

Gulu lanu la oncology lidzawona ngati mukufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndikukambirana za mtundu wanji wa opaleshoni wabwino kwa inu. Zinthu zambiri zimayamba kusankha mtundu wa opareshoni kuti uchitidwe ndi nthawi yanji yochitidwa opaleshoni (kaya isanachitike kapena itatha mankhwala amachitidwe). Madokotala anu akambirana nanu mwatsatanetsatane zomwe mungasankhe, ndipo limodzi, mutha kupanga chisankho.

3. Kodi ndi njira ziti zamankhwala zomwe zingapezeke?

Njira zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo chithandizo chama radiation, opaleshoni, chemotherapy, ndi endocrine therapy. Mudzakhalanso ndi chithandizo chamankhwala omwe amayang'ana makamaka ma HER2 receptors.

Zinthu zambiri zimatsimikizira mtundu ndi kutalika kwa chithandizo chomwe mungalandire. Izi zikuphatikiza zaka zanu, matenda ena, gawo la khansa, komanso zomwe mumakonda. Gulu lanu la oncology liyenera kukambirana njira zonse zamankhwala zomwe zingachitike pazochitika zanu.

4. Zolinga za mankhwala ndi ziti?

Zolinga zamankhwala zimadalira gawo la khansa ya m'mawere yomwe muli nayo. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere 0 mpaka 3, cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuchiza khansa ndikupewa kubwereranso mtsogolo.

Gawo 4 khansa ya m'mawere ikutanthauza kuti khansara yafalikira kupitirira mawere ndi ma lymph node am'deralo. Pakadali pano, cholinga chamankhwala ndikuwongolera kukula kwa khansa ndikupewa kuwonongeka kapena kupweteka kwa ziwalo zilizonse.

Tsoka ilo, gawo la 4 khansa ya m'mawere singachiritsidwe. Koma pakubwera kwa mankhwala atsopano komanso atsopano, ndizotheka kukhala munthawi yamatenda okhazikika kwakanthawi.

5. Kodi malingaliro a khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 ndi yotani?

Maganizo a khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 imadalira zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza gawo la khansa, kuthekera kwanu kulekerera chithandizo, msinkhu wanu, komanso thanzi lanu.

Kubwera kwa mankhwala ambiri atsopano komanso othandiza omwe akugwira ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena akupitilizabe kukonza malingaliro azimayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2.

6. Kodi pali zovuta zina zamankhwala, ndipo ndingathane nazo bwanji?

Zotsatira zoyipa zamankhwala zimadalira mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mwalandira. Mwambiri, odwala amatha kulekerera ma anti-monoclonal antibody omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulunjika bwino ma HER2-positive receptors.

Zotsatira zina zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kutopa, kupweteka pamfundo, kupweteka mutu, ndi kugona tulo. Zambiri mwa zotsatirazi ndizocheperako.

Nthawi zambiri, ma antibodies a monoclonal omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 amatha kuyambitsa kufooka kwa minofu yamtima. Gulu lanu la oncology lidzakambirana nanu za vutoli ndikukuwunikirani mwatcheru ngati mungapeze zovutazi.

7. Kodi pali njira zina zosinthira moyo wanga zomwe ndiyenera kusintha nditapezeka ndi matendawa?

Mwambiri, muyenera kutsatira moyo wathanzi mukazindikira kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Lekani kusuta fodya ngati mumasuta, kuchepetsa kumwa mowa umodzi kapena pang'ono patsiku, ndipo muzichita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse.

Muyeneranso kutsatira zakudya zabwino zomwe zili ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, komanso mapuloteni ochepa mafuta. Chepetsani kudya shuga woyengedwa komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri.

8. Kodi chiopsezo changa chotha kubwereranso ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 ndi chiyani?

Odwala omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yoyambirira ya HER2 (magawo 0 mpaka 3), zaka 10 zakubalanso komweko zimayambiranso kuyambira 79 mpaka 95%. Mtunduwo umadalira gawo la khansa pozindikira komanso mtundu wa opareshoni.

Komabe, zinthu zambiri zimatha kuyika pachiwopsezo chanu chobwereza. Kambiranani za chiopsezo chanu ndi gulu lanu la oncology.

Malangizo operekedwa ndi Hope Qamoos, namwino ogwira ntchito yathanzi. Hope ali ndi zaka zopitilira 15 akugwira ntchito yathanzi la azimayi ndi oncology. Wakhala akugwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri ofunikira m'mayunivesite monga Stanford, Northwestern, ndi Loyola. Kuphatikiza apo, Hope imagwira ntchito ndi gulu la akatswiri osiyanasiyana ndi cholinga chokweza chisamaliro cha amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ku Nigeria.