Atelectasis

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Zimayambitsa chiyani?
• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a atelectasis
• Zomwe zimayambitsa ma atelectasis osagwira
• Opaleshoni
• Kutulutsa kwa Pleural
• Pneumothorax
• Zilonda zam'mapapo
• Chotupa pachifuwa
• Kuperewera kwamphamvu
• Kodi amapezeka bwanji?
• Amachizidwa bwanji?
• Chithandizo chosagwira ntchito
• Chithandizo cha opaleshoni
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Kodi atelectasis ndi chiyani?

Mayendedwe anu amawerengetsa machubu omwe amayenda m'mapapu anu onse. Mukapuma, mpweya umachoka panjira yayikulu yapakhosi panu, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa chipepalacho, kupita m'mapapu anu. Maulendo apandege amapitilizabe nthambi ndikucheperachepera pang'onopang'ono mpaka kumapeto m'matumba ang'onoang'ono otchedwa alveoli.

Alveoli anu amathandizira kusinthitsa mpweya mumlengalenga ndi carbon dioxide, zotayidwa kuchokera kumatumba anu ndi ziwalo zanu. Kuti muchite izi, alveoli anu ayenera kudzaza ndi mpweya.

Pamene ena alveoli anu osatero mudzaze ndi mpweya, wotchedwa "atelectasis."

Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa, atelectasis imatha kukhala ndi gawo laling'ono kapena lalikulu lamapapu anu.

Atelectasis ndi yosiyana ndi mapapo omwe agwa (omwe amatchedwanso pneumothorax). Mapapu omwe agwa amachitika pamene mpweya umakanirira pakatikati pa mapapo anu ndi khoma lanu lamkati. Izi zimapangitsa mapapo anu kuchepa kapena, pamapeto pake, kugwa.

Ngakhale zinthu ziwirizi ndizosiyana, pneumothorax imatha kubweretsa atelectasis chifukwa alveoli yanu imatha kuchepa m'mapapo mwanu.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti muphunzire zambiri za atelectasis, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta komanso zosasokoneza.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za atelectasis zimachokera pakalibe mpaka kufika pakuwonongeka kwambiri, kutengera momwe mapapu anu amakhudzidwira komanso kuthamanga kwake. Ngati ma alveoli ochepa ndi omwe amachitika kapena zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse.

Atelectasis imakhudza ma alveoli ambiri kapena imabwera mwachangu, ndizovuta kupeza mpweya wokwanira wamagazi anu. Kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa wamagazi kumatha kubweretsa ku:

• kuvuta kupuma
• kupweteka pachifuwa, makamaka mukamapuma kapena kutsokomola
• kupuma mofulumira
• kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima
• khungu lofiira, milomo, zikhadabo, kapena zikhadabo

Nthawi zina, chibayo chimayamba m'mbali yanu yamapapu. Izi zikachitika, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo za chibayo, monga kukhosomola, malungo, ndi kupweteka pachifuwa.

Zimayambitsa chiyani?

Zinthu zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa atelectasis. Kutengera chifukwa, atelectasis imagawidwa ngati yotchinga kapena yopanda zovuta.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a atelectasis

Kulepheretsa atelectasis kumachitika pamene kutsekeka kumayamba mu imodzi mwamayendedwe anu. Izi zimalepheretsa mpweya kuti ufike ku alveoli, motero amagwa.

Zinthu zomwe zingakulepheretseni kuyenda kwanu ndi izi:

• kutulutsa mpweya wa chinthu chachilendo, monga choseweretsa kapena tizinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono, panjira yapaulendo
• ntchofu pulagi (ntchintchi wa ntchofu) mu msewu
• chotupa chokula mkati mwa msewu
• chotupa m'minyewa yam'mapapo yomwe imakanikizika panjira yapaulendo

Zomwe zimayambitsa ma atelectasis osagwira

Ma nonelestasis atelectasis amatanthauza mtundu uliwonse wa ma atelectasis omwe samayambitsidwa ndi kutsekeka kwamtundu wina mumayendedwe anu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ma atelectasis osagwira ntchito ndi awa:

Opaleshoni

Atelectasis imatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse kapena pambuyo pochita opaleshoni iliyonse. Njirazi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa dzanzi ndi makina opumira potsatira mankhwala opweteka ndi mankhwala ogonetsa. Pamodzi, izi zitha kukupangitsani kupuma pang'ono. Zikhozanso kukupangitsani kuti musakhale ndi chifuwa, ngakhale mutafunikira kutulutsa china m'mapapu anu.

Nthawi zina, kusapumira kwambiri kapena kutsokomola kumatha kuyambitsa ma alveoli anu kugwa. Ngati mukukonzekera, kambiranani ndi dokotala za njira zochepetsera chiopsezo cha posturgical atelectasis. Chida cham'manja chotchedwa incentive spirometer chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mchipatala komanso kunyumba kulimbikitsa kupuma kwambiri.

Kutulutsa kwa Pleural

Uku ndikumadzimadzi kambiri pakati pakatikati mwa mapapo anu ndi cholumikizira khoma lanu lamkati. Kawirikawiri, zingwe ziwirizi zimalumikizana kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mapapo anu azikula. Kuphatikizika kwamankhwala kumapangitsa kuti ma linings apatukane ndikutha kulumikizana. Izi zimalola minofu yotanuka m'mapapu anu kukokera mkati, kuyendetsa mpweya kuchokera mu alveoli anu.

Pneumothorax

Izi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi kupindika kwamphamvu koma kumaphatikizira mpweya wambiri, osati madzi, pakati pa mapapo ndi chifuwa. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi kupindika, izi zimapangitsa kuti minofu yanu yam'mapapo ikwere mkati, ikufinya mpweya kuchokera mu alveoli anu.

Zilonda zam'mapapo

Kutupa m'mapapo kumatchedwanso pulmonary fibrosis. Kawirikawiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a m'mapapo a nthawi yayitali, monga chifuwa chachikulu. Kuwonetsedwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kosakwiya, kuphatikiza utsi wa ndudu, amathanso kuyambitsa. Kupundaku ndikosatha ndipo kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti alveoli wanu akwere.

Chotupa pachifuwa

Mtundu uliwonse wa kulemera kapena kukula komwe kuli pafupi ndi mapapu anu kumatha kuyika mapapu anu. Izi zitha kukakamiza mpweya kutuluka mu alveoli anu, kuwapangitsa kuti asefukire.

Kuperewera kwamphamvu

Alveoli ali ndi chinthu chotchedwa surfactant chomwe chimawathandiza kukhalabe otseguka. Pakakhala zochepa, alveoli imagwa. Kuperewera kwapadera kumachitika kwa makanda omwe amabadwa asanakwane.

Kodi amapezeka bwanji?

Kuti mupeze atelectasis, dokotala wanu amayamba powerenga mbiri yanu yazachipatala. Amayang'ana matenda am'mbuyomu omwe mudakhala nawo kapena maopaleshoni ena aposachedwa.

Kenako, amayesa kudziwa momwe mapapu anu amagwirira ntchito bwino. Kuti achite izi, atha:

• yang'anani msinkhu wa mpweya wa magazindi oximeter, kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamakwanira kumapeto kwa chala chanu
• tengani magazi kuchokera pamtsempha, nthawi zambiri m'manja mwanu, ndipo yang'anani mpweya wake, mpweya wa dioksidi, komanso momwe magazi amagwirira ntchito poyesa mpweya wamagazi
• konzani a X-ray pachifuwa
• konzani a Kujambula kwa CT kuti muwone ngati ali ndi matenda kapena zotchinga, monga chotupa m'mapapu anu kapena munjira yapaulendo
• chitani bronchoscopy, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuyika kamera, yomwe ili kumapeto kwa chubu chowonda, chosinthika, kudzera pamphuno kapena pakamwa ndi m'mapapu anu

Amachizidwa bwanji?

Kuchiza atelectasis kumadalira chomwe chimayambitsa komanso kuopsa kwa zizindikilo zanu.

Ngati mukuvutika kupuma kapena mukumva ngati simukupeza mpweya wokwanira, pitani kuchipatala mwachangu.

Mungafunike thandizo la makina opumira mpaka mapapu anu atha kuchira ndipo chifukwa chake chithandizidwira.

Chithandizo chosagwira ntchito

Matenda ambiri a atelectasis samafuna opaleshoni. Kutengera chomwe chikuyambitsa, adokotala angakupatseni chithandizo chimodzi kapena kuphatikiza:

• Physiotherapy. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusunthira thupi lanu m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito, kunjenjemera, kapena kuvala chovala chanjenjemera kuti muthandize kumasula ndi kukhetsa ntchofu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ngati atelectasis yoletsa kapena yopaleshoni. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi cystic fibrosis.
• Bronchoscopy. Dokotala wanu amatha kuyika chubu kakang'ono kudzera m'mphuno kapena mkamwa m'mapapu kuti muchotse chinthu chachilendo kapena kuchotsa pulagi. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchotsa mtundu wa minofu pamlingo kuti dokotala wanu adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli.
• Zochita zopumira. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi kapena zida, monga zolimbikitsira spirometer, zomwe zimakukakamizani kupumira mwakuya ndikuthandizani kutsegula alveoli yanu. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pa posturgical atelectasis.
• Ngalande. Ngati atelectasis yanu imachitika chifukwa cha pneumothorax kapena pleural effusion, dokotala angafunikire kukhetsa mpweya kapena madzimadzi pachifuwa panu. Kuti achotse madzimadzi, atha kulowetsa singano pamsana panu, pakati pa nthiti zanu, komanso mthumba lamadzimadzi. Kuti achotse mpweya, angafunikire kuyika chubu cha pulasitiki, chotchedwa chubu pachifuwa, kuti achotse mpweya kapena madzi owonjezera. Thumba la chifuwa lingafunikire kusiyidwa kwa masiku angapo pakavuta kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni

Nthawi zosafunikira kwenikweni, mungafunike kuchotsedwa m'dera lanu laling'ono kapena lobe. Izi zimachitika kokha pambuyo poyesa zosankha zina zonse kapena milandu yokhudzana ndimapapu osatha.

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Atelectasis wofatsa samawopseza moyo ndipo nthawi zambiri amapita msanga vutolo likayankhidwa.

Atelectasis yomwe imakhudza mapapu anu ambiri kapena imachitika mwachangu nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa chowopsa, monga kutsekeka kwa msewu waukulu wapamtunda kapena pamene kuchuluka kapena madzi kapena mpweya ukupanikiza mapapo amodzi kapena onse awiri.