Kodi mafupa amafufuza chiyani ndipo amachitika bwanji?

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Momwe zimachitikira
• Zowopsa ndikusamalira mayeso atatha

Bone marrow biopsy ndikuwunika komwe kumachitika ndikuwunika momwe maselo am'mafupa amathandizira ndipo chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuthandiza madotolo kuzindikira ndi kuwunika kusinthika kwa matenda monga lymphoma, myelodysplasias kapena multiple myeloma, komanso kufunafuna matenda kapena kudziwa ngati pali metastases ochokera ku mitundu ina ya zotupa kumalo ano.

Mafupa a mafupa am'madzi amawonetsedwa ndi a hematologist kapena oncologist ndipo nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuti akwaniritse aspirate ya m'mafupa, yotchedwa myelogram, makamaka ngati kuyesaku sikungapereke chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudzana ndi mafupa m'matendawa.

Mafupa am'mafupa amatha kukhala osasangalatsa, chifukwa mayeso amachitika potenga fupa la m'chiuno ndipo, chifukwa chake, amachitidwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa mavuto.

Ndi chiyani

Bops marrow biopsy ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa imapereka chidziwitso cha kuchuluka ndi mawonekedwe am'maselo omwe amapanga mafupa. Mwanjira imeneyi, kuyezetsa kumawona ngati msana ulibe kanthu kapena uli wodzaza mopitilira muyeso, ngati pali zosungitsa zinthu zosafunika, monga chitsulo kapena fibrosis, komanso kuwona kupezeka kwa maselo ena abwinobwino.

Chifukwa chake, mafupa a m'mafupa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kapena kuwunika matenda ena, monga:

• Ma lymphomas a Hodgkin komanso omwe si a Hodgkin;
• Matenda a Myelodysplastic;
• Matenda a myeloproliferative;
• Myelofibrosis;
• Multiple myeloma ndi ma gammopathies ena;
• Kuzindikiritsa matenda a khansa;
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa msana sizinafotokozeredwe;
• Thrombocythaemia yofunikira;
• Kafufuzidwe pazomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana, monga matenda a granulomatous;

Kuphatikiza apo, mafupa a m'mafupa amathanso kuchitidwa ndi cholinga chodziwitsa gawo la mitundu ina ya khansa ndikuwunika momwe matendawo asinthira.

Nthawi zambiri, mafupa a m'mafupa amachitika limodzi ndi myelogram, yomwe imachitika kuchokera pakusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera m'mafupa ndipo cholinga chake ndi kuyesa mawonekedwe am'magazi omwe amapangidwa ndi mafutawo. Mvetsetsani zomwe myelogram ndi momwe zimachitikira.

Momwe zimachitikira

Ndondomeko yam'mimba yam'mimba imatha kuchitika kuofesi ya dokotala, pabedi lachipatala kapena mchipinda chothandizira, kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili. Zimachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia yakomweko, komabe, nthawi zina kutenthedwa pang'ono kumatha kukhala kofunikira, makamaka kwa ana kapena odwala omwe sangathe kuchita nawo mayeso.

Njirayi imachitika pafupipafupi, m'malo otchedwa iliac, koma mwa ana imatha kuchitidwa pa tibia, fupa la mwendo. Nthawi zambiri, kuyezetsa kumachitika atangotenga aspirate ya m'mafupa, yomwe imatha kusonkhanitsidwa pamalo omwewo.

Pakuyesa, adotolo amaika singano yayikulu, yopangidwira mayeso awa, kudzera pakhungu mpaka ikafika mkatikati mwa fupa, pomwe pamatenga gawo la fupa la 2 cm. Kenako, chitsanzochi chidzaikidwa m'masamba ndi ma machubu a labotale ndipo adzawunikiridwa ndi hematologist kapena pathologist.

Zowopsa ndikusamalira mayeso atatha

Bops marrow biopsy ndi njira yotetezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri imabweretsa zovuta monga kutuluka magazi ndi kuvulaza pakhungu, koma ndizodziwika kuti wodwalayo amamva kuwawa panthawi yoyezetsa komanso mpaka masiku 1 mpaka 3 pambuyo pake.

Wodwalayo amatha kuyambiranso zochitika zina mphindi zochepa atayesedwa, makamaka ayenera kupumula tsiku la mayeso. Palibe chifukwa chosinthira zakudya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndipo kuvala komwe kuli ndodo ya singano kumatha kuchotsedwa pakati pa 8 ndi 12 maola mayeso atachitika.