Brucellosis: ndi chiyani, momwe imafalira ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Kutumiza kuli bwanji
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Momwe mungapewere

Brucellosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mabakiteriya amtunduwu Brucella zomwe zimatha kufalikira kuchokera kuzinyama kupita kwa anthu makamaka kudzera mwa nyama yosadetsedwa yosaphika, zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkaka zosasakanizidwa, monga mkaka kapena tchizi, komanso kufalitsa kudzera mu kutulutsa mabakiteriya kapena kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi katulutsidwe ka nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonekere zizindikiro zomwe zitha kukhala zofanana ndi chimfine, monga kutentha thupi kwambiri, kupweteka mutu komanso kupweteka kwa minofu.

Kupatsirana kwa brucellosis kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu ndikosowa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, akatswiri omwe amagwira ntchito ndi nyama, monga achipatala, alimi, opanga mkaka, malo ophera nyama kapena akatswiri azachipatala ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodetsedwa. Matenda a brucellosis amachiritsika pomwe mankhwalawo amachitika atangomupeza kumene ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kwa miyezi iwiri kapena malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala.

Kutumiza kuli bwanji

Brucellosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amatha kupezeka kudzera pakukhudzana ndi katulutsidwe, mkodzo, magazi ndi zotsalira za nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. Kuphatikiza apo, mabakiteriya amatha kupezeka mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wosasamalidwa, kumwa nyama yosaphika, pokonza makola, poyendetsa ziweto kapena m'malo ophera nyama.

Chifukwa mabakiteriya amapezeka nthawi zambiri mu nyama monga ng'ombe, nkhosa, nkhumba kapena ng'ombe, alimi ndi anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ziwetozi, komanso akatswiri a ma labotale omwe amagwira ntchito pofufuza zitsanzo za nyamazi, ali ndi mwayi wopeza mabakiteriyawa ndikudwala matendawa matenda.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za brucellosis zimasiyana malinga ndi gawo la matendawa, omwe amatha kukhala ovuta kapena osatha. Munjira yoyipa, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zofananira ndi chimfine, monga kutentha thupi, kuzizira, kufooka, kupweteka mutu komanso kutopa, mwachitsanzo.

Ngati matendawa sakudziwika ndipo, chifukwa chake, chithandizo sichinayambike, brucellosis imatha kupita patsogolo, momwe zimakhalira ndi zizindikilo zina, monga kupweteka kwamagulu, kuonda ndi kutentha thupi kosalekeza. Dziwani zizindikiro zina za brucellosis.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha brucellosis chimachitika ndi maantibayotiki pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala kapena wothandizirayo kugwiritsa ntchito Tetracycline yokhudzana ndi maantibayotiki aminoglycosides kapena Rifampicin. Kuchiza ndi maantibayotiki kumachitika kokha ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki mosafunikira, chifukwa chake, kukana kwa bakiteriya.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsatira zina, monga kupewa kumwa mkaka wopanda mkaka, monga mkaka, tchizi, batala kapena ayisikilimu kuti mupewe kuipitsidwa.

Katemerayu wa brucellosis mwa anthu kulibe, koma pali katemera wa ng'ombe, ng'ombe, ng'ombe ndi nkhosa pakati pa miyezi itatu ndi isanu ndi itatu zakubadwa, zomwe zimayenera kuperekedwa ndi dokotala wa ziweto komanso amene amawateteza kumatendawa, kuteteza kufalikira kwa matendawa matenda kwa anthu.

Brucellosis ndi matenda omwe amatha kubweretsa zovuta zazikulu ngati sanalandire chithandizo choyenera, monga matenda a chiwindi, kuchepa magazi, nyamakazi, meningitis kapena endocarditis.

Momwe mungapewere

Pofuna kupewa brucellosis nthawi zonse zimakhala bwino kumeza mkaka ndi zotumphukira, chifukwa ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikiziranso kuti zakudya izi ndizoyenera kudya ndipo zilibe mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa brucellosis. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya, muyenera:

• Pewani kudya nyama yosaphika;
• Pewani kudya chakudya chilichonse cha mkaka;
• Valani magolovesi, zikopa zamagetsi, thewera ndi chophimba pakagwire nyama zodwala, zakufa kapena pobereka;

• Pewani kumwa mkaka wosasakanizidwa, monga mkaka wokometsera, tchizi, ayisikilimu kapena batala.

  
  

Izi ndi njira zopewera kufalitsa matenda kapena kuipitsidwa kwatsopano, ngati munthuyo wadwala kale.