Kodi Chimachitika Ndi Chiyani Pakuyesa Kwachipatala?

Zamkati

• Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo 0?
• Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo I?
• Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo lachiwiri?
• Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo lachitatu?
• Chimachitika ndi chiyani mgawo lachinayi?
• Mfundo yofunika

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Kodi mayesero azachipatala ndi ati?

Mayesero azachipatala ndi njira yoyesera njira zatsopano zodziwira, kuchiritsa, kapena kupewa zathanzi. Cholinga ndikuti muwone ngati china chake chili chotetezeka komanso chothandiza.

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimayesedwa kudzera m'mayesero azachipatala, kuphatikiza:

• mankhwala
• kuphatikiza mankhwala
• ntchito zatsopano za mankhwala omwe alipo kale
• zipangizo zamankhwala

Asanayesedwe kuchipatala, ofufuza amachita kafukufuku asanatenge mawonekedwe am'magulu amunthu kapena mitundu yazinyama. Mwachitsanzo, atha kuyesa ngati mankhwala atsopano ali ndi poizoni pang'ono pang'ono mwa maselo am'thupi labu.

Ngati kafukufuku wamankhwala akuyembekezereka akulonjeza, amapita patsogolo ndikuyesedwa kwachipatala kuti awone momwe zimagwirira ntchito mwa anthu. Mayesero azachipatala amachitika magawo angapo pomwe amafunsidwa mafunso osiyanasiyana. Gawo lirilonse limamangirira pazotsatira zam'mbuyomu.

Pitilizani kuwerenga kuti muphunzire zambiri za zomwe zimachitika mgawo lililonse. Pachifukwa ichi, tikugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha chithandizo chamankhwala chatsopano chomwe chimayesedwa.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo 0?

Gawo 0 la mayesero azachipatala amachitika ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepera zaka 15. Ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa kwambiri kuti awonetsetse kuti savulaza anthu asanayambe kuwagwiritsa ntchito pamlingo wambiri pamapeto pake .

Ngati mankhwalawo achita mosiyana ndi momwe amayembekezeredwa, ofufuzawo atha kuchita kafukufuku wowonjezerapo asanasankhe kupitiriza kuyeserako.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo I?

Pakati pa gawo loyamba la kuyesedwa kwachipatala, ofufuza amatha miyezi ingapo akuyang'ana zotsatira za mankhwalawa kwa anthu pafupifupi 20 mpaka 80 omwe alibe matenda.

Gawoli likufuna kudziwa momwe anthu angatengere popanda zovuta. Ofufuza amayang'anitsitsa ophunzira kuti awone momwe matupi awo amathandizira ndi mankhwalawa mgawoli.

Ngakhale kufufuza koyambirira kumapereka chidziwitso chambiri chokhudzana ndi dosing, zotsatira za mankhwala m'thupi la munthu sizingadziwike.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyesa chitetezo ndi mulingo woyenera, ofufuza amayang'ananso njira yabwino yoperekera mankhwala, monga pakamwa, kudzera m'mitsempha, kapena pamutu.

Malinga ndi a FDA, pafupifupi mankhwala amapitilira gawo lachiwiri.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo lachiwiri?

Gawo Lachiwiri lachiyeso chazachipatala limakhudzanso anthu mazana angapo omwe akukhala ndi vuto loti mankhwalawa akuyenera kuchiritsidwa. Kawirikawiri amapatsidwa mlingo womwewo womwe unapezeka kuti ndi wotetezeka m'gawo lapitalo.

Ofufuza amayang'anira ophunzirawo kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka kuti awone momwe mankhwalawa aliri othandiza komanso kuti apeze zambiri pazazovuta zomwe zingayambitse.

Ngakhale gawo lachiwiri limakhudzidwa ndi omwe akutenga nawo mbali kuposa magawo am'mbuyomu, sikokwanira kwenikweni kuwonetsa chitetezo chonse cha mankhwala. Komabe, zomwe adapeza mgawoli zimathandiza ofufuza kupeza njira zoyendetsera gawo lachitatu.

A FDA akuti pafupifupi mankhwala amapitilira gawo lachitatu.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mu gawo lachitatu?

Gawo lachitatu la kuyesedwa kwachipatala nthawi zambiri limakhudza anthu omwe akutenga nawo mbali 3,000 omwe ali ndi vuto loti mankhwalawa akuyenera kuthandizidwa. Ziyeso mgawo lino zimatha zaka zingapo.

Cholinga cha gawo lachitatu ndikuwunika momwe mankhwala atsopano amagwirira ntchito poyerekeza ndi mankhwala omwe alipo kale. Kuti apitilize kuyeserera, ofufuza akuyenera kuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa ndiotetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito ngati momwe mungapezere chithandizo chamankhwala omwe alipo kale.

Kuti achite izi, ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa randomization. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusankha mwachisawawa ophunzira ena kuti alandire mankhwala atsopano ndi ena kuti alandire mankhwala omwe analipo kale.

Mayeso a Gawo lachitatu nthawi zambiri amakhala akhungu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti wophunzirayo kapena wofufuza sakudziwa mankhwala omwe wochita nawo akumwa. Izi zimathandiza kuthetsa kukondera potanthauzira zotsatira.

A FDA nthawi zambiri amafunika kuyesedwa kwamankhwala a gawo lachitatu asanavomere mankhwala atsopano. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa omwe akutenga nawo gawo komanso kutalika kwakanthawi kapena gawo lachitatu, zovuta zoyipa komanso zazitali zimatha kuwonekera mgawoli.

Ngati ofufuza awonetsa kuti mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito ngati ena omwe ali kale pamsika, a FDA nthawi zambiri amavomereza mankhwalawo.

Pafupifupi mankhwala amapitilira gawo IV.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani mgawo lachinayi?

Mayeso azachipatala a Phase IV amachitika FDA itavomereza mankhwala. Gawoli limakhudza anthu masauzande ambiri ndipo limatha zaka zambiri.

Ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito gawo ili kuti adziwe zambiri za chitetezo cha mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali, kugwira ntchito kwake, komanso phindu lina lililonse.

Mfundo yofunika

Mayesero azachipatala komanso magawo awo ali mbali yofunikira kwambiri pakufufuza zamankhwala. Amalola kuti chitetezo chamankhwala kapena mankhwala atsopano athe kuyesedwa bwino asanavomerezedwe kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu.

Ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo mbali pamayeso, pezani imodzi m'dera lanu yomwe mungayenerere.