Mlembi: Judy Howell
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 3 Kulayi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 18 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Clopidogrel, Piritsi Yamlomo - Thanzi
Clopidogrel, Piritsi Yamlomo - Thanzi

Zamkati

Mfundo zazikulu za clopidogrel

  1. Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Clopidogrel imapezeka ngati mankhwala achibadwa komanso mayina ena. Dzina Brand: Plavix.
  2. Clopidogrel imangobwera pokhapokha ngati piritsi lomwe mumamwa.
  3. Clopidogrel imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kupwetekedwa mtima ndi sitiroko. Amaperekedwera anthu omwe akhala akudwala matenda amtima kapenanso kupwetekedwa mtima, kapena omwe ali ndi zotumphukira zam'mimba (zoyenda bwino m'miyendo).

Kodi clopidogrel ndi chiyani?

Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Clopidogrel ndi mankhwala omwe mumalandira ngati dzina la mankhwala Dothi. Ikupezekanso ngati mankhwala achibadwa. Mankhwala achibadwa nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi mtundu wamaina. Nthawi zina, sangapezeke mwamphamvu zonse kapena mitundu yonse monga dzina lodziwika bwino la mankhwalawa.

Clopidogrel imangobwera pokhapokha ngati piritsi lomwe mumamwa.

Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito

Clopidogrel imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa magazi kuundana ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa, zotumphukira zamitsempha (kusayenda bwino m'miyendo yanu), matenda amtima, kapena stroke.


Mankhwalawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira imodzi yophatikizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ena. Dokotala wanu adzasankha ngati mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ena, monga aspirin.

Momwe imagwirira ntchito

Clopidogrel ali m'gulu la mankhwala otchedwa platelet inhibitors kapena thienopyridine class inhibitors a P2Y12 ADP platelet receptors. Gulu la mankhwala ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zofananira.

Ma Platelet ndi maselo amwazi omwe amathandizira magazi anu kuundana bwino. Clopidogrel imathandizira kuti mapuloletti asagundane. Izi zimawalepheretsa kuti apange magazi.

Zotsatira za Clopidogrel

Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Clopidogrel imatha kuyambitsa zovuta kapena zoyipa. Mndandanda wotsatira uli ndi zovuta zina zomwe zingachitike mukamamwa clopidogrel. Mndandandawu mulibe zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike.

Kuti mumve zambiri pazomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha clopidogrel, kapena maupangiri amomwe mungathanirane ndi zovuta zina, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.


Zotsatira zofala kwambiri

Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimatha kuchitika ndi clopidogrel ndi monga:

  • magazi
  • khungu loyabwa

Ngati muli ndi khungu loyabwa, limatha kutha masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati ndizowopsa kapena sizichoka, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zovuta zina. Itanani 911 ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuwopseza moyo kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukumana ndi vuto lachipatala. Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zizindikilo zake zimatha kukhala izi:

  • Kutaya magazi koopsa, koopsa. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
    • Kutuluka magazi kapena kutuluka magazi mosadziwika bwino komwe kumatenga nthawi yayitali
    • magazi mumkodzo wanu (pinki, wofiira, kapena wofiirira)
    • chimbudzi chofiira kapena chakuda chomwe chimawoneka ngati phula
    • mikwingwirima kapena mabala osaneneka omwe amakula
    • kutsokomola magazi kapena magazi aundana
    • kusanza magazi kapena masanzi omwe amawoneka ngati malo a khofi
  • Vuto lotseka magazi lotchedwa thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Izi zitha kuchitika mutatenga clopidogrel, ngakhale mutangotenga osachepera milungu iwiri. Mu TTP, magazi amatseka m'mitsempha yamagazi kulikonse m'thupi. Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi izi:
    • mawanga ofiira (purpura) pakhungu lanu kapena mkamwa mwanu (mucous nembanemba) chifukwa chakutuluka magazi pakhungu
    • chikasu cha khungu lako kapena maso oyera (jaundice)
    • kutopa kapena kufooka
    • khungu lowoneka bwino
    • malungo
    • kuthamanga kwa mtima kapena kupuma pang'ono
    • mutu
    • kuyankhula molakwika kapena kumvetsetsa chilankhulo (aphasia)
    • chisokonezo
    • chikomokere
    • sitiroko
    • kulanda
    • kuchuluka kwa mkodzo, kapena mkodzo womwe ndi pinki kapena uli ndi magazi
    • kupweteka m'mimba
    • nseru, kusanza, kapena kutsegula m'mimba
    • kutaya masomphenya

Clopidogrel amatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena

Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Clopidogrel imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena angapo. Kuyanjana kosiyanasiyana kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ena amatha kusokoneza momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito, pomwe ena amatha kuyambitsa zovuta zina.


M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe angagwirizane ndi clopidogrel. Mndandandawu mulibe mankhwala onse omwe angagwirizane ndi clopidogrel.

Musanatenge clopidogrel, onetsetsani kuti mumauza dokotala komanso wamankhwala zamankhwala onse, pa-counter, ndi mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa. Auzeni za mavitamini, zitsamba, ndi zowonjezera zilizonse zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Kugawana izi kungakuthandizeni kupewa kuyanjana komwe kungachitike.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi mankhwala omwe angakukhudzeni, funsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala.

Mankhwala a shuga

Nthawi zambiri, repanlinide sayenera kutengedwa ndi clopidogrel. Kutenga mankhwalawa palimodzi kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa repaglinide mthupi lanu, zomwe zingayambitse shuga wambiri m'magazi. Ngati mukuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa palimodzi, dokotala wanu azisamalira mosamala mlingo wanu wa repaglinide.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mimba (proton pump inhibitors)

Simuyenera kumwa clopidogrel ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira asidi m'mimba. Amatha kupanga clopidogrel kukhala yosagwira bwino ntchito. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

  • omeprazole
  • esomeprazole

Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs)

Kutenga clopidogrel ndi ma NSAID kumatha kuwonjezera ngozi yanu yotuluka magazi m'mimba mwanu ndi m'matumbo. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

  • aspirin
  • ibuprofen
  • naproxen

Opaka magazi

Warfarin ndipo clopidogrel amagwira ntchito kuti achepetse magazi munjira zosiyanasiyana. Kuwatenga pamodzi kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotuluka magazi.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kukhumudwa

Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ena opatsirana pogonana ndi clopidogrel kumachulukitsa chiopsezo chanu chotaya magazi. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:

  • kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  • serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Salicylates (aspirin)

Ngati muli ndi matenda owopsa a coronary syndrome, muyenera kumwa aspirin ndi clopidogrel. Komabe, simuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa pamodzi ngati mwadwala sitiroko posachedwapa. Kuchita izi kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotaya magazi ambiri.

Opioids

Kutenga mankhwala a opioid ndi clopidogrel kumatha kuchedwetsa kuyamwa ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa clopidogrel mthupi lanu, kupangitsa kuti isamagwire bwino ntchito. Ngati mukuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa palimodzi, adokotala angakupatseni mankhwala owonjezera kuti ateteze kuundana kwamagazi nthawi zina.

Zitsanzo za ma opioid ndi awa:

  • codeine
  • hydrocodone
  • fentanyl
  • morphine

Momwe mungatengere clopidogrel

Mlingo wa clopidogrel omwe dokotala amakupatsani umadalira mtundu wa zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu amakupangitsani muyeso wochepa ndikusintha pakapita nthawi kuti mufike pamlingo woyenera kwa inu. Potsirizira pake adzapereka mankhwala ochepetsetsa omwe amapereka zomwe mukufuna.

Chidziwitso chotsatirachi chimalongosola miyezo yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kapena amalimbikitsidwa. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mwatenga mlingo womwe dokotala akukulemberani. Dokotala wanu adzazindikira mlingo woyenera kuti ugwirizane ndi zosowa zanu.

Mafomu ndi mphamvu

Zowonjezera: Clopidogrel

  • Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo
  • Mphamvu: 75 mg ndi 300 mg

Mtundu: Dothi

  • Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo
  • Mphamvu: 75 mg ndi 300 mg

Mlingo wa matenda oopsa a mitsempha

Mlingo wachikulire (wazaka 18 kapena kupitirira)

  • Mlingo woyambira: 300 mg, anatenga nthawi imodzi. Kuyamba chithandizo popanda mlingo wonyamula kumachedwetsa zotsatira masiku angapo.
  • Mlingo wa kukonza: 75 mg, yotengedwa kamodzi patsiku.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0 mpaka 17 zaka)

Mankhwalawa sanaphunzire kwa ana ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18.

Mlingo wa matenda amtima aposachedwa, sitiroko yaposachedwa, kapena matenda a m'mitsempha

Mlingo wachikulire (wazaka 18 kapena kupitirira)

  • Mlingo wodziwika: 75 mg amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku.

Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0 mpaka 17 zaka)

Mankhwalawa sanaphunzire kwa ana ndipo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18.

Machenjezo a Clopidogrel

Chenjezo la FDA: Kuchenjeza za chiwindi

  • Mankhwalawa ali ndi chenjezo lakuda. Ili ndiye chenjezo lalikulu kwambiri kuchokera ku Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Chenjezo la bokosi lakuda limachenjeza madokotala ndi odwala pazowopsa.
  • Clopidogrel yathyoledwa ndi chiwindi chanu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi kusiyana kwa majini momwe m'modzi mwa michere ya chiwindi, cytochrome p-450 2C19 (CYP2C19), imagwira ntchito. Izi zitha kuchepetsa momwe mankhwalawa agwera mthupi lanu ndikupangitsa kuti isagwirenso ntchito. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyesani kuti muone ngati muli ndi vuto lachibadwa. Ngati muli nacho, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala m'malo mwa clopidogrel.

Chenjezo lalikulu lakumwa

Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa magazi kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina amafa. Clopidogrel imatha kukupweteketsani ndikutuluka magazi mosavuta, kukhala ndi zotuluka m'mphuno, ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi zonse kuti magazi ayime. Muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za kutaya magazi kwambiri, monga:

  • kutuluka magazi mosadziwika bwino, motalika, kapena mopitirira muyeso
  • magazi mkodzo wanu kapena chopondapo

Chenjezo la opaleshoni kapena njira

Musanachite chilichonse, muyenera kuuza madokotala kapena madokotala kuti mukumwa clopidogrel. Mungafunike kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa kwakanthawi kochepa musanachitike njira yopewera magazi. Dokotala wanu adzakudziwitsani nthawi yoti musiye kumwa mankhwalawa komanso ngati ndi bwino kumwa mankhwalawa.

Chenjezo la ziwengo

Clopidogrel imatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

  • kuvuta kupuma
  • kutupa kwa nkhope yanu, milomo, lilime, kapena mmero

Musatengerenso mankhwalawa ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake. Simuyeneranso kumwa mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi vuto la thienopyridines (monga ticlopidine ndi clopidogrel). Kutenganso kachiwiri pambuyo poti ziwengo zilizonse zitha kupha.

Kuyanjana ndi mowa

Mowa umatha kuonjezera chiopsezo chotaya magazi mukamamwa mankhwalawa.

Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena

Kwa anthu omwe akutuluka magazi mwakhama: Simuyenera kumwa clopidogrel ngati muli ndi magazi otakasuka (monga ubongo wamaubongo) kapena matenda omwe amayambitsa magazi (monga zilonda zam'mimba kapena m'mimba). Clopidogrel imalepheretsa kutsekemera ndipo imawonjezera chiopsezo chotaya magazi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ziwengo za thienopyridines: Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto lililonse pa thienopyridine, simuyenera kutenga clopidogrel.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi sitiroko yaposachedwa: Simuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa ndi aspirin ngati mwadwala sitiroko posachedwa. Ikhoza kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotaya magazi kwambiri.

Machenjezo kwa magulu ena

Kwa amayi apakati: Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi amayi apakati omwe amatenga clopidogrel sanawonetse chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kupunduka kapena kubadwa padera. Kafukufuku wa clopidogrel wa nyama zoyembekezera sanawonetsenso zoopsa izi.

Komabe, pali zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwa ngati matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko amapezeka nthawi yapakati. Chifukwa chake, phindu la clopidogrel poletsa zochitikazi zitha kupitilira chiwopsezo chilichonse cha mankhwalawa pathupi.

Uzani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga pakati. Clopidogrel iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yapakati pokhapokha phindu lomwe lingakhalepo lingabweretse chiopsezo.

Kwa amayi omwe akuyamwitsa: Sidziwika ngati clopidogrel imadutsa mkaka wa m'mawere. Ngati zingatero, zitha kubweretsa zovuta kwa mwana yemwe akuyamwitsa. Inu ndi dokotala mungafunike kusankha ngati mungamwe clopidogrel kapena kuyamwitsa.

Kwa ana: Chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya clopidogrel sichinakhazikitsidwe mwa ana ochepera zaka 18.

Tengani monga mwalamulidwa

Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Clopidogrel imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali. Zimabwera ndi zoopsa zazikulu ngati simukuzitenga monga mwalamulo.

Mukasiya kumwa mankhwalawa kapena osamwa konse: Mumawonjezera chiopsezo chodwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Izi zitha kupha.

Ngati mukuyenera kusiya kumwa clopidogrel kwakanthawi, yambiraninso dokotala wanu atakuwuzani. Kuyimitsa mankhwalawa kumatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha mtima, stroko, kapena magazi m'mapazi kapena m'mapapu.

Ngati mwaphonya Mlingo kapena osamwa mankhwalawo panthawi yake: Mankhwala anu mwina sagwira ntchito kapena akhoza kusiya kugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Kuti mankhwalawa agwire bwino ntchito, kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi zonse.

Ngati mutenga zochuluka kwambiri: Mutha kukhala ndimankhwala owopsa mthupi lanu. Zizindikiro za bongo za mankhwalawa zimatha kuphatikizira magazi.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa kwambiri mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu kapena funsani malangizo kuchokera ku American Association of Poison Control Center ku 800-222-1222 kapena kudzera pa chida chawo pa intaneti. Koma ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.

Zomwe muyenera kuchita mukaphonya mlingo: Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, tengani clopidogrel mukangokumbukira. Ngati ili pafupi nthawi ya mlingo wanu wotsatira, tulukani mlingo womwe mwaphonya. Tengani mlingo umodzi wokha nthawi yanu yokhazikika. Musatenge milingo iwiri ya clopidogrel nthawi yomweyo pokhapokha dokotala atakuwuzani.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito: Simuyenera kukhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko.

Malingaliro ofunikira pakutenga clopidogrel

Kumbukirani izi ngati dokotala akukulemberani piritsi yamlomo ya clopidogrel.

Zonse

  • Osadula kapena kuphwanya phale.

Yosungirako

  • Sungani clopidogrel kutentha kutentha pafupi ndi 77 ° F (25 ° C). Itha kusungidwa kwakanthawi kochepa pakatentha pakati pa 59ºF ndi 86 ° F (15ºC ndi 30 ° C).
  • Musasunge mankhwalawa m'malo onyowa kapena onyowa, monga mabafa.

Kuyenda

Mukamayenda ndi mankhwala anu:

  • Nthawi zonse muzinyamula mankhwala anu. Mukamauluka, musayikenso m'thumba lofufuzidwa. Sungani m'thumba lanu.
  • Osadandaula za makina a X-ray pabwalo la ndege. Sadzawononga mankhwala anu.
  • Mungafunike kuwonetsa ogwira ntchito ku eyapoti chizindikiro cha mankhwala anu. Nthawi zonse muzinyamula chidebe choyambirira cholembedwa ndi mankhwala.
  • Musayike mankhwalawa m'galimoto yamagolovu amgalimoto yanu kapena siyani m'galimoto. Onetsetsani kuti musachite izi nyengo ikatentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri.

Kudziyang'anira pawokha

Dokotala wanu akuphunzitsani inu ndi abale anu zizindikilo za matenda a mtima, sitiroko, kapena magazi m'miyendo kapena m'mapapu anu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za mavutowa, muyenera kupita kuchipinda chadzidzidzi kapena itanani 911 nthawi yomweyo.

Kuwunika kuchipatala

Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala ndi clopidogrel, dokotala wanu amatha kuyesa ma genetiki kuti muwone mtundu wa CYP2C19. Kuyesa kwamtunduwu kumathandizira dokotala kusankha ngati muyenera kumwa clopidogrel. Mitundu ina ya majini imachedwetsa momwe clopidogrel yawonongeka. Ngati muli ndi mtundu wamtunduwu, mankhwalawa sangakuthandizeni.

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwala anu akugwira ntchito ndipo ali otetezeka kwa inu, dokotala adzawona zotsatirazi:

  • kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC)
  • zizindikiro za kutuluka magazi

Ndalama zobisika

Ngati mukuchiritsidwa ndi matenda owopsa a coronary, mungafunikire kumwa clopidogrel ndi aspirin. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri.

Kupezeka

Ma pharmacies ambiri amakhala ndi mtundu wa clopidogrel. Komabe, si mankhwala onse omwe amakhala ndi Plavix, dzina la dzina. Ngati dokotala wanu akukulemberani Plavix, mukadzaza mankhwala anu, onetsetsani kuti mwayitanitsa kuti muwonetsetse kuti mankhwala anu ali nawo.

Kodi pali njira zina?

Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka kuti athetse vuto lanu. Ena akhoza kukuyenererani kuposa ena. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni.

Chodzikanira: Healthaline yayesetsa kwambiri kuti zidziwitso zonse zikhale zolondola, zokwanira, komanso zaposachedwa. Komabe, nkhaniyi sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wa akatswiri pazachipatala. Muyenera kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zili pano zitha kusintha ndipo sizingapangidwe kuti zigwiritse ntchito, mayendedwe, zodzitetezera, machenjezo, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kusokonezeka, kapena zovuta zina. Kusapezeka kwa machenjezo kapena zidziwitso za mankhwala omwe apatsidwa sikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala kapena mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka, ogwira ntchito, komanso oyenera kwa odwala onse kapena ntchito zina zilizonse.

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