Kodi Cytopenia ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Mitundu
• Sinthani cytopenia
• Chotsutsa cytopenia
• Zizindikiro
• Kodi chimayambitsa cytopenia ndi chiyani?
• Zogwirizana
• Matendawa
• Chithandizo
• Chiwonetsero

Chidule

Cytopenia imachitika pamene gawo limodzi kapena angapo amitundu yamagazi anu ndi otsika kuposa momwe amayenera kukhalira.

Magazi anu ali ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu. Maselo ofiira ofiira, omwe amatchedwanso ma erythrocyte, amanyamula mpweya ndi michere mozungulira thupi lanu. Maselo oyera, kapena ma leukocyte, amalimbana ndi matenda komanso amalimbana ndi mabakiteriya opanda thanzi. Ma Platelet ndi ofunikira kutseka. Ngati zina mwazinthuzi zili pansipa, mutha kukhala ndi cytopenia.

Mitundu

Pali mitundu ingapo ya cytopenia. Mtundu uliwonse umadziwika ndi gawo liti lamagazi ako lomwe ndi lochepa kapena lochepetsedwa.

• Kuchepa kwa magazi kumachitika magazi anu ofiira akatsika.
• Leukopenia ndi otsika maselo oyera.
• Thrombocytopenia kusowa kwa ma platelet.
• Pancytopenia ndikusowa kwa magawo atatu onse amwazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa cytopenia ndizovuta komanso zosiyanasiyana. Zina mwazifukwazi ndi kuwonongeka kwapadera, matenda, ndi zotsatirapo zamankhwala. Mitundu iwiri ya cytopenia yomwe imakhudzana ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kuchepa kwama cell am'magazi ndi autoimmune cytopenia ndi refractory cytopenia.

Sinthani cytopenia

Autoimmune cytopenia amayamba chifukwa cha matenda am'thupi. Thupi lanu limapanga ma antibodies omwe amalimbana ndi ma cell anu athanzi, kuwawononga ndikukulepheretsani kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwama cell amwazi.

Chotsutsa cytopenia

Refractory cytopenia imachitika pamene mafupa anu samatulutsa maselo amwazi wathanzi. Izi zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za gulu la khansa, monga khansa ya m'magazi kapena matenda ena a m'mafupa. Pali mitundu ingapo ya cytopenia yotsutsa yomwe ilipo. Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, amafotokozedwa ndi momwe magazi ndi mafupa amawonekera pansi pa microscope.

Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za cytopenia zimadalira mtundu wamtundu womwe uli nawo. Angathenso kudalira vuto lomwe limayambitsa kuchepa kwama cell amwazi.

Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi ndi monga:

• kutopa
• kufooka
• kupuma movutikira
• kusakhazikika bwino
• chizungulire kapena kumva mopepuka
• manja ozizira ndi mapazi

Zizindikiro za leukopenia ndi monga:

• matenda pafupipafupi
• malungo

Zizindikiro za thrombocytopenia ndi monga:

• kutuluka magazi ndi mabala mosavuta
• kuvuta ndikusiya magazi
• kutuluka magazi mkati

Refractory cytopenia imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zochepa kumayambiriro. Maselo a magazi akamayamba kuchepa, zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira, matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi, kutopa, komanso magazi osavuta kapena omasuka amatha. Pankhani ya refractory cytopenia, ndizotheka kuchuluka kwama cell ochepa kutsogolera madotolo pamavuto ena monga khansa kapena leukemia.

Cytopenia yoyambitsidwa ndimayendedwe amthupi imatha kuchitika ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zimafanana ndi mitundu ina ya cytopenia. Zizindikirozi ndi monga:

• kutopa
• kufooka
• matenda pafupipafupi
• malungo
• kutuluka magazi ndi mabala mosavuta

Kodi chimayambitsa cytopenia ndi chiyani?

Ngati mukukumana ndi kuchuluka kwama cell ochepa magazi, dokotala wanu adzafunafuna chomwe chimayambitsa kufotokoza manambala. Mtundu uliwonse wa cytopenia ungayambidwe ndimikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana komanso yapadera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndi monga:

• misinkhu chitsulo chochepa
• kutuluka magazi pafupipafupi
• chiwonongeko cha maselo mukuzungulira mkati mwa thupi lanu
• kupanga kwapadera maselo ofiira am'mafupa

Zimayambitsa leukopenia monga:

• matenda opatsirana, monga HIV kapena hepatitis
• khansa
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• mankhwala a khansa, kuphatikizapo radiation ndi chemotherapy

Zimayambitsa thrombocytopenia monga:

• khansa
• matenda aakulu a chiwindi
• mankhwala a khansa, kuphatikizapo radiation ndi chemotherapy
• mankhwala

Mwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi cytopenia, madotolo samatha kupeza chomwe chimayambitsa. M'malo mwake, madotolo satha kupeza chifukwa mwa pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi pancytopenia. Ngati chifukwa sichikudziwika, chimatchedwa idiopathic cytopenia.

Zogwirizana

Monga mukuwonera pamndandanda wazomwe zingayambitse, cytopenia nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi khansa ndi leukemia. Izi ndichifukwa choti matenda onsewa amawononga maselo amwazi wathanzi mthupi lanu. Akhozanso kuwononga mafupa. Mapangidwe ndi kakulidwe ka maselo amwazi zimachitika m'mafupa anu. Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa minyewa iyi mkati mwa mafupa anu kumatha kukhudza ma cell amwazi anu komanso thanzi lamagazi anu.

Zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi cytopenia ndi monga:

• khansa, monga khansa ya m'magazi, multipleeloma kapena Hodgkin's kapena non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• matenda amfupa
• kusowa kwakukulu kwa B-12
• matenda aakulu a chiwindi
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• matenda opatsirana, kuphatikizapo HIV, hepatitis, ndi malungo
• matenda amwazi omwe amawononga maselo am'magazi kapena amaletsa kupanga maselo amwazi, monga paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ndi aplastic anemia

Matendawa

Cytopenia imapezeka ndi kuyezetsa magazi kotchedwa magazi athunthu (CBC). CBC imawonetsa khungu loyera la magazi, khungu lofiira, ndi kuwerengera kwa ma platelet. Kuti muchite CBC, dokotala wanu kapena namwino adzakoka magazi ndikuwatumiza ku labu kuti akawunike. CBC ndiyowunikira magazi kwambiri, ndipo dokotala atha kupeza cytopenia kuchokera pazotsatira popanda kuzikayikira. Komabe, ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mulibe magazi ochepa, CBC ikhoza kutsimikizira.

Ngati zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa manambala ochepa m'magazi anu onse, dokotala wanu amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso ena kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa kapena kuti afotokoze zomwe zingachitike. Mafupa a m'mafupa ndi chikhumbo cha mafupa amatha kufotokoza momveka bwino za mafupa ndi mafupa a magazi. Mayeserowa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kapena kuchotsa matenda am'mafupa kapena zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwama cell.

Chithandizo

Chithandizo cha cytopenia chimadalira chifukwa.

Kwa cytopenia yoyambitsidwa ndi khansa kapena leukemia, chithandizo cha matendawa amathanso kuchiritsa ma cell am'magazi ochepa. Komabe, odwala ambiri omwe amalandira chithandizo cha matendawa amatha kuchepa kwama cell am'magazi chifukwa chothandizidwa.

Corticosteroids nthawi zambiri amakhala chithandizo choyamba cha mitundu ingapo ya cytopenia. Odwala ambiri amalabadira bwino chithandizocho. Komabe, ena amatha kubwerera m'mbuyo kapena osayankha konse. Zikatero, njira zina zoopsa zothandizira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• mankhwala immunosuppressive
• kumuika mafupa
• kuthiridwa magazi
• kutchfuneralhome

Chiwonetsero

Akapezeka, anthu ambiri azitha kuchiza cytopenia ndikubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwama cell amwazi. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi amatha kuwonjezera kudya zakudya zachitsulo kuchokera kuzakudya monga nyama yofiira, nkhono, ndi nyemba. Izi zitha kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka kwanu kwama cell ofiira ofiira, ndipo dokotala wanu amatha kuwunika kuchuluka kwama magazi anu kuti akuthandizeni kukhala athanzi.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa cytopenia, zimafunikira chithandizo chotalikirapo komanso mozama. Izi zimayambitsa khansa ndi khansa ya m'magazi, chithandizo cha izi, ndi zovuta zina monga matenda amfupa komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Kwa anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi zoyambitsa zazikulu, malingaliro nthawi zambiri amatengera kuopsa kwa vutoli komanso momwe mankhwala amathandizira.