Matenda otupa (IBD): ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zingayambitse
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Zomwe mungadye mukadwala IBD
• 1. Zakudya zololedwa
• 2. Zakudya zoyenera kupewa

Matenda opatsirana amatanthauza matenda amtsogolo omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa m'matumbo, matenda a Crohn ndi ulcerative colitis, omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zofananira, monga kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, malungo, kuonda, kuchepa magazi m'thupi kapena kusagwirizana ndi chakudya, mwachitsanzo, koma amadziwika kuti ndi matenda osiyana.

Chithandizochi chimakhala ndikupereka mankhwala, kudya zakudya zinazake komanso kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi mchere. Nthawi zina, zingakhale zofunikira kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Matenda opatsirana amatha kudziwonetsa ndi zizindikiritso zam'mimba kapena zigawo zina za thupi, zotsatirazi ndizofala kwambiri:

Zizindikiro za matenda a Crohn ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zilonda zam'mimba, koma zina zimatha kukhala zosiyana chifukwa matenda a Crohn amatha kukhudza m'mimba, kuyambira mkamwa mpaka kumatako, pomwe madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi rectum ndi colon. Kayezetseni ndikudziwe momwe mungadziwire matenda a Crohn.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhala ndi kuwunika kwamankhwala, endoscopy, histological and radiological test and biochemical research.

Zomwe zingayambitse

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana sizikudziwikabe, koma zimaganiziridwa kuti mwina zimakhudzana ndi majini, chitetezo cham'mimba, ma microbiota am'mimba komanso zakudya.

Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana am'matumbo, omwe amapatsidwa zakudya kapena tizilombo tina, pali kuyambitsa kosazolowereka kwa kuyankha kotupa, komwe kumawononga maselo am'matumbo, komwe kumabweretsa mawonekedwe azizindikiro za matendawa.

Matenda am'matumbo amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi msinkhu komanso mtundu, ndipo chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa chitha kukulirakulira chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ndudu, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera za mahomoni, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki mchaka choyamba cha moyo, gastroenteritis, zakudya zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni azinyama, shuga , mafuta, mafuta odzaza.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizochi chimalimbikitsa ndikuthandizira kuti matendawa athetsedwe, kuthandizira kuti munthu akhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuti athetse vutoli.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala omwe dokotala amapatsa amatha kukhala ndi mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito zotupa, monga corticosteroids ndi aminosalicylates monga mesalazine kapena sulfasalazine, mwachitsanzo, ma immunosuppressants monga cyclosporine, azathioprine kapena mercaptopurine, maantibayotiki monga ciprofloxacin kapena metronidazole ndi / kapena ma monoclonal antibodies, monga ma monoclonal antibodies ndi / kapena ma monoclonal antibodies, monga infliximab kapena adalimumab, mwachitsanzo.

Nthawi zina, mu matenda a Crohn, pangafunike kuchita opaleshoni kuti akonze zolimba kapena kuchotsa matumbo pomwe chithandizo chamankhwala sichothandiza.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chovutika ndi mavuto azakudya chifukwa chodwala komanso kulandira chithandizo, kotero kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi labwino munthawi imeneyi, pangafunike kutsatira chakudya chapadera ndikumwa zakudya zowonjezera ndi folic acid, vitamini D, mavitamini B6, B12 ndi mchere ndikutsata zinthu, monga calcium ndi zinc, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma probiotic ndi glutamine kumatha kuthandizira kukonza matumbo.

Zomwe mungadye mukadwala IBD

Cholinga chachikulu cha zakudya zamatenda opatsirana ndikuchepetsa kutupa kwa m'matumbo ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa, kuthetsa zizindikilo ndikupewa kuwonekera kwamavuto atsopano. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala za aliyense payekha, koma pali zakudya zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaloledwa ndi zina zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa, makamaka pakagwa mavuto:

1. Zakudya zololedwa

Zakudya zina zololedwa pachakudya ndi:

• Mpunga, purees, pasitala ndi mbatata;
• Nyama zosamira, monga nyama ya nkhuku;
• Dzira lowiritsa;
• Nsomba monga sardine, tuna kapena salimoni;
• Masamba ophika, monga kaloti, katsitsumzukwa ndi dzungu;
• Zipatso zophika komanso zosenda, monga nthochi ndi maapulo;
• Peyala ndi mafuta a maolivi.

2. Zakudya zoyenera kupewa

Zakudya zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa, popeza zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotupa m'matumbo, ndi izi:

• Khofi, tiyi wakuda, zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhofi ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
• Mbewu;
• Ndiwo zamasamba zosaphika ndi zipatso zosasenda;
• Papaya, lalanje ndi maula;
• Mkaka, yogurt, tchizi, kirimu wowawasa ndi batala;
• Uchi, shuga, sorbitol kapena mannitol;
• Zipatso zouma, monga mtedza, mtedza ndi maamondi;
• Phala;
• Chokoleti;
• Nkhumba ndi nyama zina zamafuta;
• Mkate wofupikitsa komanso wotsekemera wokhala ndi buledi wouma, chakudya chokazinga, gratin, mayonesi ndi chakudya chazida.

Zakudya izi ndi zitsanzo chabe zomwe ziyenera kupewedwa, komabe, chofunikira ndikufunsira katswiri wazakudya kuti azisintha chakudya chake mthupi la munthu aliyense, popeza pakhoza kukhala zakudya zina zomwe zimawonjezera zizindikilo.