Nayi Kuchita ndi Kupereka Plasma ya Convalescent ya Odwala a COVID-19

Zamkati

• Ndiye, Kodi Convalescent Plasma Therapy Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?
• Ndani Angapereke Plasma ya Convalescent ya COVID-19?
• Kodi Kupereka Madzi a m'magazi Kumatanthauza Chiyani?
• Onaninso za

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi, mliri wa coronavirus ukupitilizabe kuphunzitsa dzikolo - komanso dziko lonse lapansi - mawu ambiri atsopano: kulumikizana ndi anthu, zida zodzitetezera (PPE), kutsata kulumikizana, kungotchulapo ochepa. Zikuwoneka ngati tsiku lililonse likadutsa (lomwe likuwoneka ngati losatha) pali chitukuko chatsopano chomwe chimapereka chithunzi chotsimikizika cha mawu oti awonjezere kukutanthauzira kwa COVID-19 komwe kumakulirakulira. Chimodzi mwazowonjezera zaposachedwa kwambiri pamawu anu olemera kwambiri? Chithandizo cha Convalescent plasma.

Osadziwika? Ndikufotokozera ...

Pa Ogasiti 23, 2020 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idaloleza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwadzidzidzi kwa magazi a convalescent - gawo lamagazi omwe ali ndi anti antibody omwe adatengedwa kuchokera kwa odwala a COVID-19 - pochiza milandu yayikulu ya coronavirus. Kenako, patangodutsa sabata limodzi, pa Seputembara 1, gulu la COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel, lomwe lili mgulu la National Institutes of Health (NIH), adalumikizana ndi zokambiranazi, ponena kuti "palibe chidziwitso chokwanira choti mungavomereze kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ya madzi a m'magazi osachiritsika ochiritsira COVID-19. ”

Seweroli lisanachitike, plasma ya convalescent idaperekedwa kwa odwala a COVID-19 kudzera pa Mayo Clinic yomwe idatsogozedwa ndi Expanded Access Program (EAP), yomwe imafuna kulembetsa madokotala kuti apemphe plasma kwa odwala, malinga ndi FDA. Tsopano, kupita patsogolo, EAP yatha ndipo ikusinthidwa ndi FDA's Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), yomwe imalola makamaka madotolo ndi zipatala kupempha plasma osakwaniritsa njira zina zolembetsa. Koma, monga zatsimikiziridwa ndi mawu aposachedwa a NIH, kafukufuku wambiri amafunika munthu aliyense asanakwaniritse (komanso mosatekeseka) mankhwala opatsirana a plasma ngati chithandizo chodalirika cha COVID-19.

Chithandizo cha plasma cha Convalescent chikupezeka kuposa kale ngati chithandizo cha COVID-19 ku US, koma ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Ndipo mungapereke bwanji plasma ya convalescent kwa odwala a COVID-19? Patsogolo, zonse muyenera kudziwa.

Ndiye, Kodi Convalescent Plasma Therapy Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?

Choyamba, kodi convalescent plasma ndi chiyani? Convalescent (mlongosoledwe ndi dzina) amatanthauza aliyense amene akuchira ku matenda, ndipo madzi a m'magazi ndi gawo lachikasu, lamadzimadzi lomwe lili ndi ma antibodies a matenda, malinga ndi FDA. Ndipo, ngati mwaphonya kalasi ya biology ya giredi 7, ma antibodies ndiwo mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa kuti athane ndi matenda ena atakhala ndi matendawa.

Chifukwa chake, plasma yotsitsimutsa ndi plasma yochokera kwa munthu yemwe wachira matenda - pakadali pano, COVID-19, atero Brenda Grossman, MD, mkulu wachipatala wa Transfusion Medicine pachipatala cha Barnes-Jewish, komanso pulofesa ku Washington University School of Mankhwala ku St. Dr. Grossman anati: "Plasmas ya Convalescent yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mbuyomu, mosiyanasiyana, pamagulu angapo opatsirana, kuphatikizapo Spanish Flu, SARS, MERS, ndi Ebola."

Tsopano apa ndipamene "mankhwala" amathandizira: Mwazi wa magazi ukapezeka kuchokera kwa munthu amene wachira, umathiridwa wodwala wodwala (komanso nthawi zambiri) wodwalayo kuti ma antibodies mwachiyembekezo "athetseretu kachilomboka ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo kachilomboka kuchokera m'thupi, "atero a Emily Stoneman, MD, katswiri wodziwa za matenda opatsirana ku Yunivesite ya Michigan ku Ann Arbor. Mwanjira ina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito "kuwonjezera chitetezo chamthupi cha wodwalayo ndikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa matendawa."

Koma, monga ndi zambiri m'moyo (ugh, chibwenzi), nthawi ndi chilichonse. Dr. Stoneman akufotokoza kuti: “Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuti anthu amene ali ndi COVID-19 adzipangire okha ma antibodies amenewa. odwala kuti asadwale kwambiri, ”Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti kafukufukuyu akufunikirabe kuti adziwe mphamvu ya mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, mfundo zomwe zili pakadali pano ndikuti wodwala akamalandira chithandizo chambiri, nthawi zambiri amatha kuwona zotsatira zabwino. (Zokhudzana: Momwe Mungachitire ndi Nkhawa Zaumoyo Pakati pa COVID-19, ndi Pambuyo)

Ndani Angapereke Plasma ya Convalescent ya COVID-19?

Nambala yoyenerera: mudali ndi coronavirus ndipo muli ndi mayeso oti mutsimikizire.

"Anthu amatha kupereka plasma ngati atakhala ndi kachilombo ka COVID-19 ndi zolembedwa mu labotale (mwina nasopharyngeal [nasal swab kapena test antibody test], apezanso bwino, ndipo sakhala ndi chiyembekezo kwa milungu iwiri," malinga ndi a Hyunah Yoon, MD, Katswiri wa matenda opatsirana ku Albert Einstein College of Medicine. (Werenganinso: Kodi Kuyesera Koyeserera Thupi Kumatanthauzanji?)

Mulibe matenda otsimikizika koma mukukhulupirira kuti mudakumana ndi zizindikiro za coronavirus? Nkhani yabwino: Mutha kukonza mayeso a antibody ku American Red Cross kwanuko, ngati zotsatira zake zili zabwino kwa ma antibodies, pitirizani kutero - ndiye kuti, bola mukakwaniritsa zofunikira zina, monga kukhala wopanda chizindikiro kwa masiku osachepera 14 isanaperekedwe ndalama. Ngakhale milungu iwiri ikulimbikitsidwa ndi a FDA, zipatala ndi mabungwe ena angafune opereka ndalama kuti asakhale ndi vuto kwa masiku 28, atero Dr. Grossman

Kupitilira apo, American Red Cross ikufunikiranso kuti omwe amapereka convalescent plasma ali ndi zaka zosachepera 17, amalemera 110 lbs, ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zopereka magazi. . mankhwala ena, tinene, odwala khansa ndi ovulala ndi moto ndi ngozi, malinga ndi New York Blood Center.

Kodi Kupereka Madzi a m'magazi Kumatanthauza Chiyani?

Mukakonza zokacheza ndi malo opereka zopereka kwanuko, ndi nthawi yokonzekera. Zomwe zimafunikira, komabe, ndikumwa madzi okwanira (osachepera 16oz.) ndikudya zakudya zama protein ndi ayironi (nyama yofiira, nsomba, nyemba, sipinachi) maola omwe akutsogolerani kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi, kupepuka, komanso chizungulire, malinga ndi American Red Cross.

Kumveka bwino? Izi ndichifukwa choti zopereka za m'magazi ndi magazi ndizofanana kwambiri - kupatula pakupereka. Ngati mudaperekapo magazi, mukudziwa kuti madziwo amatuluka kuchokera mdzanja lanu ndikupita m'thumba ndipo zina zonse ndi mbiri. Kupereka plasma ndikochulukirapo, kolakwika, kovuta. Panthawi yopereka plasma yokha, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera m'dzanja limodzi ndikutumizidwa kudzera mu makina apamwamba kwambiri omwe amasonkhanitsa plasma ndikubwezeretsanso maselo ofiira a magazi ndi mapulateleti - pamodzi ndi saline ya hydrating (yomwe amadziwika kuti madzi amchere) - kubwerera m'thupi lanu. Izi ndizofunikira popeza plasma ndi 92% yamadzi, malinga ndi American Red Cross, ndipo njira zoperekera ndalama zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi (zambiri pansipa). Ntchito yonse yoperekayo iyenera kutenga ola limodzi ndi mphindi 15 (mphindi 15 zokha kupatula chopereka chamagazi chokha), malinga ndi American Red Cross.

Komanso monga kuperekera magazi, zoyipa zakupatsa plasma ndizochepa - pambuyo pake, muyenera kukhala ndi thanzi labwino kuti muyenerere. Zomwe zikunenedwa, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kutaya madzi m'thupi ndizotheka kwambiri. Ndipo pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere madzi omwe mumamwa tsiku lotsatira (ma) ndikupewa kunyamula zolemetsa ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera tsiku lonse. Ndipo musadandaule kuti thupi lanu lidzakhala ndi madzi ena ofunikira, monga momwe zingathere (ndipo zimathandizira) kulowa m'malo mwa magazi kapena plasma mkati mwa maola 48.

Zokhudza chiopsezo chanu cha COVID-19? Izi zisakhale zodetsa nkhawa pano. Malo ambiri operekera magazi amachitika mwa kusankhidwa kuti angoyeserera njira zabwino zokhazika mtima pansi ndipo akwaniritsa zosamalitsa zina monga za Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Zomwe zili munkhaniyi ndizolondola monga nthawi yolemba. Pomwe zosintha za coronavirus COVID-19 zikupitilizabe kusintha, ndizotheka kuti zina ndi zina zomwe zanenedwa m'nkhaniyi zasintha kuyambira pomwe zidasindikizidwa koyamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumayang'anitsitsa pafupipafupi ndi zinthu monga CDC, WHO, ndi dipatimenti yazaumoyo yakwanuko kuti mumve zambiri zamtunduwu komanso malingaliro awo.

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