Anal / perianal fistula: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro komanso nthawi yochitidwa opaleshoni

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kodi kuchira kuli bwanji?
• Nthawi yoti mupite kwa dokotala

Matako a fistula, kapena perianal, ndi mtundu wa zilonda, zomwe zimachokera gawo lomaliza la matumbo mpaka khungu la anus, ndikupanga ngalande yopapatiza yomwe imayambitsa zizindikilo monga kupweteka, kufiira komanso kutuluka magazi kumtunda.

Kawirikawiri, fistula imayamba pambuyo pachithupsa mu anus, komabe, imatha kuyambanso matenda am'matumbo, monga matenda a Crohn kapena diverticulitis, mwachitsanzo.

Chithandizochi chimachitika nthawi zonse pochita opareshoni, chifukwa chake fistula ikayikiridwa, makamaka ngati mwakhala ndi abscess, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi proctologist kuti mutsimikizire matendawa ndikuyamba chithandizo.

Onani zomwe zimayambitsa zowawa mu anus kapena kuyabwa m'derali.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zazikulu za fistula ya anal ndi monga:

• Kufiira kapena kutupa kwa khungu la anus;
• Kupweteka kosalekeza, makamaka mukakhala kapena mukuyenda;
• Kutuluka kwa mafinya kapena magazi kudzera kutuluka;

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikilozi, kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, kusowa kwa njala, kuchepa kwa thupi ndi mseru zitha kuchitika ngati matenda kapena kutupa kwa fistula kumachitika.

Pakadali pano, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi proctologist kuti azindikire vutoli, ndikuwona tsambalo kapena kujambula kwa maginito, mwachitsanzo, ndikuyambitsa chithandizo choyenera.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Kuti muchiritse anal fistula, ndikupewa zovuta monga matenda kapena kusadziletsa, muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni, yotchedwa anal fistulectomy, momwe adotolo:

1. Dulani pa fistula kuwulula ngalande yonse pakati pamatumbo ndi khungu;
2. Amachotsa minofu yovulala mkati mwa fistula;
3. Ikani waya wapadera mkati mwa fistula kulimbikitsa machiritso ake;
4. Amapereka mfundo pamalopo kutseka chilonda.

Pofuna kupewa kupweteka, opareshoni imachitidwa ndimankhwala opatsirana kapena opatsirana ndipo, asanayambe ndondomekoyi, adokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku kuti afufuze fistula ndikuwona ngati pali njira imodzi yokha kapena fistula yovuta, momwe muli zingapo ma tunnel. Poterepa, pangafunike kuchita maopareshoni angapo kuti atseke ngalande imodzi nthawi imodzi.

Kuphatikiza pa fistulectomy ya anal, pali njira zina zochizira fistula kudzera mu opaleshoni, monga ma graft, plugs ndi sutures apadera, otchedwa setons, koma maluso awa amadalira mtundu wa fistula ndi matenda omwe adayambitsa, monga matenda a Crohn, mu zomwe ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga Infliximab musanachite opaleshoni iliyonse.

Kodi kuchira kuli bwanji?

Pambuyo pa opareshoni, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunika kukhala mchipatala kwa maola osachepera 24 kuti muwonetsetse kuti zotsatira za dzanzi zatha komanso kuti palibe zovuta, monga kutuluka magazi kapena matenda.

Pambuyo pake ndizotheka kubwerera kunyumba, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupumule masiku awiri kapena atatu, musanabwerere kuntchito. Munthawi imeneyi, pangafunike kumwa maantibayotiki, monga Amoxicillin ndi Clavulonate, kapena mankhwala odana ndi zotupa, monga Ibuprofen, woperekedwa ndi dokotala, kuti athetse ululu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti matenda sakutuluka. Pochepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda, ukhondo wa m'derali uyeneranso kusamalidwa ndi madzi komanso sopo wosalowerera wa pH, kuphatikiza pakusintha mavalidwe, kupaka mafuta opaka ululu osachepera kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku.

Munthawi ya postoperative sizachilendo kuti bala limatulutsa magazi pang'ono, makamaka popukuta mapepala achimbudzi mderalo, komabe, ngati kutuluka magazi ndikolemera kapena ngati kuli ululu wamtundu uliwonse, ndikofunikira kubwerera kwa dokotala.

Kuphatikiza apo, sabata yoyamba ndikofunikanso kutsatira zakudya kuti tipewe kudzimbidwa, chifukwa kudzikundikira ndowe kumatha kukakamiza kukhoma kwa anus ndikulepheretsa kuchira. Onani momwe mungadyetse izi.

Nthawi yoti mupite kwa dokotala

Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi proctologist nthawi yomweyo zikawonekera:

• Kukha mwazi mu anus;
• Kuchulukitsa kupweteka, kufiira kapena kutupa;
• Malungo pamwamba 38ºC;
• Kuvuta kukodza.

Kuphatikizanso apo, nkofunikanso kupita kwa dokotala pakagwa kudzimbidwa komwe sikatha pambuyo pa masiku atatu, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba.