Njira Zapamwamba Zazikulu Zithandizo Zazakudya

Zamkati

• 1. Mapulogalamu 12-sitepe
• 2. Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe
• 3. Mapulogalamu azamalonda
• 4. Psychiatrists ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Mfundo yofunika

Kuledzera, komwe salembedwa mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM-5), itha kukhala yofanana ndi zosokoneza zina ndipo nthawi zambiri imafunikira chithandizo chofananira ndi chithandizo kuti muthe.

Mwamwayi, mapulogalamu ndi zithandizo zingapo zitha kupereka chithandizo.

Nkhaniyi yatchulapo njira 4 zodziwika bwino zochiritsira.

1. Mapulogalamu 12-sitepe

Njira imodzi yothanirana ndi vuto losadya zakudya ndikupeza pulogalamu yabwino yazinthu 12.

Izi ndizofanana ndi Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) - kupatula kuti kuledzera ndikosiyana.

Pulogalamu ya magawo 12, anthu amapita kumisonkhano ndi ena omwe nawonso amalimbana ndi vuto lakudya. Pambuyo pake, amapeza othandizira kuti awathandize kupanga zakudya zamagulu.

Thandizo lachitukuko lingakhudze kwambiri kuthana ndi vuto lakumwa. Kupeza anthu omwe amagawana zomwe anakumana nazo komanso ofunitsitsa kuthandiza kungakhale kopindulitsa kuchira.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapulogalamu a magawo 12 ndi aulere ndipo amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi.

Pali mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana omwe mungasankhe.

Overeaters Anonymous (OA) ndiye njira yayikulu kwambiri komanso yotchuka kwambiri, pamisonkhano yanthawi zonse padziko lonse lapansi.

Greysheeters Anonymous (GSA) ndi ofanana ndi OA, pokhapokha atapereka dongosolo lazakudya lomwe limaphatikizapo kulemera ndi kuyeza katatu patsiku. Ngakhale safalikira monga OA, amapereka misonkhano yamafoni ndi Skype.

Magulu ena akuphatikizapo Food Addicts Anonymous (FAA) ndi Omwe Amakhala Ndi Chizolowezi Chakudya mu Recovery Anonymous (FA).

Maguluwa adapangidwa kuti azilandila, osaweruza.

Chidule Mapulogalamu khumi ndi awiri amapereka mwayi kwa anzanu ndi othandizira omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto lakudya. Mapulogalamuwa amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi.

2. Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe

Njira yamaganizidwe yotchedwa chidziwitso chamakhalidwe (CBT) yawonetsa lonjezo lalikulu pothana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana za kudya, monga kudya kwambiri ndi bulimia ().

Izi zimagawana zizindikilo zofananira ndi kuledzera.

Pofunafuna katswiri wazamisala, pemphani kuti mutumizidwe kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto losokoneza bongo kapena vuto lakudya.

Chidule Kuwona katswiri wama psychology yemwe amakhala ndi vuto la kudya kapena kusala kudya akhoza kukuthandizani kuthana ndi vuto lokonda kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, CBT yatsimikiziridwa kuti ndiyothandiza nthawi zina.

3. Mapulogalamu azamalonda

Mapulogalamu khumi ndi awiri amakhala aulere, koma mapulogalamu angapo azamalonda amaperekanso chithandizo chamankhwala chodyetsa komanso vuto la kudya.

Zazikulu ndizo:

• ACORN: Amapereka chithandizo chamankhwala angapo, makamaka ku United States.
• Zochitika Zazikulu Pakubwezeretsa: Ku Florida, amapereka chithandizo chanthawi yayitali pakudya.
• COR Retreat: Okhala ku Minnesota, amapereka pulogalamu yamasiku asanu.
• Kusintha: Kuchokera ku Florida, ali ndi zosankha zingapo podyetsa komanso pamavuto akudya.
• Shades of Hope: Ku Texas, amapereka mapulogalamu a masiku 6 mpaka 42.
• LONJEZO: Ochokera ku UK, amapereka chithandizo chazakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso zovuta pakudya.
• Bittens Addiction: Amapereka zosankha zingapo kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya ndi kudya ku Sweden.

Tsambali limandandalika akatswiri ambiri azaumoyo padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi luso lotha kusokoneza bongo.

Chidule Mapulogalamu azamalonda oledzera amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi.

4. Psychiatrists ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Pomwe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sinavomereze mankhwala aliwonse othandiza pakumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala ndi njira ina yoyenera kuiganizira.

Izi zati, mankhwala satsimikiziridwa kuti azigwira ntchito yodyetsa komanso mavuto azakudya ndipo amakhala ndi zovuta zina.

Mankhwala amodzi oti aganizire ndi ovomerezeka ndi a FDA kuti athandize kuchepa ndipo amakhala ndi bupropion ndi naltrexone. Ikugulitsidwa pansi pa dzina lotchedwa Contrave ku United States ndi Mysimba ku Europe.

Mankhwalawa amalunjika mwachindunji njira zina zamaubongo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndikudya. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti itha kukhala yothandiza, makamaka ikaphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa moyo wathanzi (,).

Nthawi zambiri, kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto a kudya ndi kudya. Kumwa mankhwala oletsa kupsinjika maganizo kapena odana ndi nkhawa kungathandize kuthetsa zina mwazizindikiro ().

Mankhwala olepheretsa kupanikizika komanso odana ndi nkhawa samachiritsa vuto lakudya, koma atha kukhala chida chothandiza kuthana ndi nkhawa komanso nkhawa. Izi zitha kuloleza munthu kuti azingoganizira zochira pakadyedwe kapena matenda.

Katswiri wazamisala amatha kufotokozera njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingapezeke ndikupanga malingaliro kutengera momwe munthu aliri kapena njira yothandizirayi.

Chidule Ganizirani zakuwona katswiri wazamisala kuti akambirane njira zina zamankhwala, kuphatikiza mankhwala. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi mankhwala amisala atha kuthana ndi vuto lakudya.

Mfundo yofunika

Kuledzera ndi vuto laumoyo momwe munthu amakhala wokonda kudya, makamaka zakudya zopanda kanthu.

Kafukufuku wambiri wasayansi amatsimikizira kuti kuledzera kumakhudza mbali zomwezo zamaubongo monga kusuta mankhwala osokoneza bongo (,,).

Chifukwa chakuti kusowa kwa zakudya sikungathetsere pakokha, ndibwino kutsatira njira zamankhwala kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Chidutswa ichi chidanenedwa koyambirira kwa Januware 14, 2019. Tsiku lomwe likufalitsidwa posachedwa likuwonetsa zosintha, zomwe zikuphatikiza kuwunika kwachipatala kwa a Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD.