Kodi Chingapangitse Wina Kuiwala Momwe Amameza?

Zamkati

• Kuyiwala momwe mungamezere zoyambitsa
• Kulephera kwa ubongo
• Kutulutsa pakamwa kapena kwapakhosi
• Kutaya kupumula kwa minofu ya sphincter (achalasia)
• Kuchepetsa kwa Esophageal
• Kuda nkhawa
• Zizindikiro za vuto lakumeza
• Kuzindikira mavuto akumeza
• Pamwamba endoscopy, kapena EGD
• Manometry
• Kuyimitsidwa ndi kuyesa kwa pH
• Kusintha kwa kuyesa kwa barium
• Esophagram
• Kuyesa magazi
• Kuyiwala momwe mungamezere chithandizo
• Mankhwala
• Opaleshoni
• Zosintha m'moyo
• Tengera kwina

Chidule

Kumeza kungaoneke ngati njira yosavuta, koma imakhudza kulumikizana mosamalitsa kwa magulu awiri a minofu, misempha yambiri, kholingo (mawu amawu), ndi kholingo.

Onse ayenera kugwira ntchito limodzi kuti asonkhanitse ndikukonza chakudyacho pakamwa, ndikusunthira kuchokera kukhosi, kupyola pamimba, ndikulowa m'mimba. Izi ziyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo potseka njira yolepheretsa chakudya kuti chisalowe mu chikwangwani chanu. Zotsatira zake, pali mwayi wambiri kuti china chake chisokonezeke.

Mavuto akumeza amatha kuyambira kukhosomola kapena kutsamwa chifukwa chakudyacho kapena madziwo amalowa pamphepo kuti athetse kumeza chilichonse.

Kusokonezeka kwa ubongo kapena dongosolo lamanjenje, monga sitiroko, kapena kufooka kwa minofu yapakhosi kapena pakamwa kumatha kupangitsa munthu kuiwala momwe angamezere. Nthawi zina, kuvutika kumeza kumachitika chifukwa chotsekera pakhosi, kholingo, kapena kholingo, kapena kupwetekedwa kwa kholingo kuchokera kwina.

Kuyiwala momwe mungamezere zoyambitsa

Mawu azachipatala ovuta kumeza ndi dysphagia.

Vuto lililonse lomwe limafooketsa minofu kapena mitsempha yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikumeza kapena kuletsa chakudya ndi madzi kuyenda mosavutikira zimatha kuyambitsa matenda am'mimba. Dysphagia imafala kwambiri kwa okalamba.

Kulephera kwa ubongo

Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi msana kumatha kusokoneza mitsempha yofunikira kumeza. Zoyambitsa zimaphatikizapo:

• sitiroko: kutsekeka kwamagazi muubongo komwe kumatha kubweretsa kulemala kwanthawi yayitali
• zoopsa kuvulala kwaubongo
• minyewa yomwe imawononga ubongo pakapita nthawi, monga matenda a Parkinson, multiple sclerosis, matenda a Huntington, ndi amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• chotupa muubongo

Kuiwalaiwala komanso kuchepa kwazidziwitso zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda amisala kapena matenda a Alzheimer amathanso kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutafuna ndi kumeza.

Kutulutsa pakamwa kapena kwapakhosi

Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ndi minofu yapakhosi kumatha kufooketsa minofu ndikupangitsa wina kutsamwa kapena kugwa pakameza. Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• cerebral palsy: Matenda omwe amakhudza kuyenda kwa minofu ndi kulumikizana
• zolepheretsa kubadwa, monga m'kamwa (phokoso pakati pakamwa)
• myasthenia gravis: vuto la neuromuscular lomwe limayambitsa kufooka mu minofu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda; Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo kuyankhula molakwika, kufooka kwa nkhope, komanso kuvuta kumeza
• kuvulaza mutu komwe kumawononga mitsempha kapena minofu pakhosi

Kutaya kupumula kwa minofu ya sphincter (achalasia)

Kumene kummero ndi m'mimba zimakumanirana pali minofu yotchedwa lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Minofu imeneyi imamasuka ukameza kuti chakudya chizidutsa. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi achalasia, a LES sapuma.

Achalasia amaganiza kuti amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi thupi lokha, momwe chitetezo chamthupi chanu chimalowerera molakwika maselo amitsempha m'mimba mwanu. Zizindikiro zina zimapweteka mukatha kudya komanso kutentha pa chifuwa.

Kuchepetsa kwa Esophageal

Kuwonongeka kwa pakhosi kumatha kubweretsa kupangika kwa minofu. Minofu yovulalayo imatha kuchepa ndipo imabweretsa mavuto kumeza.

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse minofu ndikuphatikizira:

• asidi Reflux: pamene asidi m'mimba abwereranso kummero, kuchititsa zizindikilo monga kutentha pa chifuwa, kupweteka m'mimba, komanso vuto kumeza
• gastroesophageal Reflux matenda (GERD): mawonekedwe owopsa komanso osatha a asidi Reflux; Pakapita nthawi zimatha kuyambitsa khungu kapena kutupa kwa kholingo (esophagitis)
• Matenda monga herpes esophagitis, herpes simplex labialis, kapena mononucleosis
• mankhwala a radiation pachifuwa kapena m'khosi
• kuwonongeka kwa endoscope (chubu cholumikizidwa ndi kamera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana mkati mwa thupi) kapena chubu nasogastric (chubu chomwe chimanyamula chakudya ndi mankhwala kupita m'mimba kudzera m'mphuno)
• scleroderma: matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimalakwitsa kummero

Mimbayo imathanso kuchepa chifukwa chotseka kapena kukula kosazolowereka. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi ndi izi:

• zotupa m'mimba
• goiter: kukulitsa kwa chithokomiro; Chifuwa chachikulu chimatha kukakamiza kummero ndikubweretsa kuvutika kumeza kapena kupuma, komanso kutsokomola ndi kuwuma
• chakudya chokhazikika pakhosi kapena pammero chomwe sichitsuka ndi madzi. Izi ndizadzidzidzi zachipatala.

Kuda nkhawa

Kuda nkhawa kapena kuchita mantha kumatha kubweretsa kudzimva kolimba kapena chotupa pakhosi kapena kumva kutsamwa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti kumeza kuvutike kwakanthawi. Zizindikiro zina za nkhawa ndizo:

• manjenje
• kumva zoopsa, mantha, kapena mantha
• thukuta
• kupuma mofulumira

Zizindikiro za vuto lakumeza

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto lakumeza, pali zizindikiro zina zomwe muyenera kuziyang'ana. Mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kumeza kwathunthu kapena kumangovuta kumeza zolimba, madzi, kapena malovu.

Zizindikiro zina za vuto lakumeza ndi monga:

• kutsitsa
• kumverera ngati pali china chake chakhazikika pakhosi
• kupanikizika m'khosi kapena pachifuwa
• kusinthasintha pafupipafupi pakudya
• nseru
• kutentha pa chifuwa
• kutsokomola kapena kutsamwa ukameza
• ululu mukameza (odynophagia)
• kuvuta kutafuna
• kuonda mwangozi
• chikhure
• kuuma kwa mawu ako
• kuchita kudula tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono kuti tizimatafuna ndi kumeza

Kuzindikira mavuto akumeza

Mukatenga mbiri yazachipatala komanso yabanja, dokotala wanu adzayitanitsa mayesero kuti adziwe ngati china chake chikuletsa kholingo kapena ngati muli ndi vuto la mitsempha kapena mavuto ali ndi minofu yapakhosi panu.

Mayesero ena omwe dokotala angakulamulire ndi awa:

Pamwamba endoscopy, kapena EGD

Endoscope ndi chubu chosinthika chokhala ndi kamera kumapeto yomwe imalowetsedwa mkamwa ndikudutsa pamimba mpaka m'mimba. Pakati pa endoscopy, dokotala amatha kuwona kusintha kwam'mero, ngati minofu yofiira, kapena kutsekeka mkatikati mwa khosi ndi mmero.

Manometry

Mayeso a manometry amayang'ana kupsinjika kwa minofu yapakhosi panu mukameza pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chapadera cholumikizidwa ndi chojambulira.

Kuyimitsidwa ndi kuyesa kwa pH

Kuyesa kwa pH / impedance kumayeza kuchuluka kwa asidi m'mero ​​kwakanthawi (nthawi zambiri maola 24). Ikhoza kuthandizira kuzindikira ngati GERD.

Kusintha kwa kuyesa kwa barium

Mukamachita izi, mutha kudya zakudya ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana zokutidwa ndi barium pomwe zithunzi za X-ray zimatengedwa ndi oropharynx. Katswiri wazamalankhulidwe azilankhulo amatha kuzindikira vuto lililonse lakumeza.

Esophagram

Mukamachita izi, mumeza madzi kapena mapiritsi okhala ndi barium, omwe amawonetsedwa pa X-ray. Adotolo ayang'ana zithunzi za X-ray pomwe mukumeza kuti muwone momwe kholalo limagwirira ntchito.

Kuyesa magazi

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso amwazi kuti awone zovuta zina zomwe zingayambitse mavuto akumeza kapena kuwonetsetsa kuti mulibe zoperewera zilizonse.

Kuyiwala momwe mungamezere chithandizo

Chithandizo cha kumeza mavuto chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa. Mavuto ambiri amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndikuwona katswiri wazolankhula, katswiri wamitsempha, wodyetsa zakudya, gastroenterologist, ndipo nthawi zina dokotala wa opaleshoni.

Mankhwala

Acid reflux ndi GERD nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala monga proton-pump inhibitors (PPI). Zomwe zimameza zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa zitha kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa nkhawa.

Achalasia nthawi zina amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi jakisoni wa poizoni wa botulinum (Botox) kuti atulutse minofu ya sphincter. Mankhwala ena, monga nitrate ndi calcium channel blockers, amathanso kuthandizira kumasula LES.

Opaleshoni

Dokotala amatha kuthandiza kukulitsa gawo locheperako la kum'mero ​​ndi njira yotchedwa esophageal dilation. Buluni yaying'ono imakhuta mkati mwam'mero ​​kuti mufutukule. Buluniyo imachotsedwa.

Opaleshoni imathandizidwanso kuchotsa chotupa kapena minofu yofiira yomwe imatseka kapena kuchepetsa kupwetekako.

Zosintha m'moyo

Ngati mavuto anu akumeza amayamba chifukwa cha matenda amitsempha, monga matenda a Parkinson, mungafunikire kuphunzira njira zatsopano zokutafuna ndi kumeza. Katswiri wolankhula chilankhulo angakulimbikitseni kusintha zakudya, kumeza masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kusintha kosintha mukamadya.

Ngati zizindikiro ndizolimba ndipo simungathe kudya kapena kumwa mokwanira, mungafunike chubu chodyetsera. Thumba la msomali limalowetsedwa m'mimba kudzera kukhoma la m'mimba.

Tengera kwina

Zomwe zimayambitsa kumeza mavuto ndi sitiroko, koma pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zingapangitse kumeza kuvuta. Ngati mukuvutika kumeza, kapena nthawi zambiri mumabwereranso, kutsamwa, kapena kusanza mukameza, ndikofunika kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndikupeza mankhwala.

Nkhani zokhala ndi kumeza zimatha kubweretsa kutsamwa. Ngati chakudya kapena madzi alowa munjira yanu yampweya, zimatha kuyambitsa chiopsezo chotchedwa aspiration chibayo. Mavuto akumeza amathanso kudzetsa kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Ngati simungathe kumeza chifukwa kumamveka kuti chakudya chakupanikizani pakhosi kapena pachifuwa, kapena ngati mukuvutika kupuma, pitani ku dipatimenti yapafupi yoopsa.