Kumva Kutayika

Zamkati

• Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Kutaya Kwa Kumva?
• Kutaya Kwakumva Kwabwino
• Kumva Kutaya Kwa Sensorineural (SNHL)
• Matenda
• Mankhwala a Ototoxic
• Kutaya Kwakumva Kosakanikirana
• Kodi Zizindikiro Za Kumva Kutaya Ndi Ziti?
• Kodi ndi Njira Ziti Zomwe Mungasamalire Kumva Kutayika?
• Kodi Ndi Zovuta Ziti Zomwe Zimakhudzana ndi Kumva Kutayika?
• Kodi Ndingapewe Bwanji Kutaya Makutu?

Kutaya kwakumva ndipamene simungathe kumvekera pang'ono kapena kumva khutu limodzi kapena makutu anu onse. Kutaya kwakumva kumachitika pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disways (NIDCD) akuti pafupifupi 25% ya omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 65 ndi 74 amamva kumva.

Maina ena otayika kumva ndi awa:

• kuchepa kumva
• ugonthi
• kusamva
• kutaya kwakumva

Mbali zitatu zazikulu za khutu ndi khutu lakunja, khutu lapakati, ndi khutu lamkati. Kumva kumayambira mafunde amawu akamadutsa khutu lakunja mpaka kumakutu, lomwe ndi khungu lopyapyala pakati pa khutu lanu lakunja ndi lapakati. Mafunde akumveka akafika pa eardrum, eardrum imanjenjemera.

Mafupa atatu a khutu lapakati amatchedwa ossicles. Izi zikuphatikizapo nyundo, anvil, ndi furushi. Phokoso la eardrum ndi ma ossicles zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kukulitsa kunjenjemera pamene mafunde amawu amapita patsogolo kupita khutu lamkati.

Mafunde akumvewo akafika khutu lamkati, amayenda kudzera mumadzimadzi a cochlea. Cochlea ndi kamangidwe kokhala ngati nkhono khutu lamkati. Mu cochlea, muli maselo amitsempha omwe amakhala ndi tsitsi laling'ono masauzande ambiri. Tsitsi ili limathandizira kusintha kunjenjemera kwamawu kukhala ma sign amagetsi omwe amapita kuubongo wanu. Ubongo wanu umatanthauzira mawu amagetsi amenewa ngati mawu. Phokoso losiyanasiyana la mawu limapanga machitidwe osiyanasiyana mu tsitsi ting'onoting'ono, kuwonetsa kumveka kosiyanasiyana kuubongo wanu.

Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Kutaya Kwa Kumva?

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) ikunena kuti pali mitundu itatu yayikulu yakumva, iliyonse imachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zinthu zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwakumva ndikumva kwakanthawi, makutu amisempha (SNHL), komanso makutu osakanikirana.

Kutaya Kwakumva Kwabwino

Kumva kwakanthawi kochepa kumachitika pamene mawu sangathe kuyenda kuchokera khutu lakunja kupita ku khutu lam'mutu ndi mafupa a khutu lapakati. Makutu akumvawa akamachitika, zimakuvutani kumva phokoso losalala kapena losamveka. Kumva kwakanthawi kokhazikika sikumakhala kwanthawi zonse. Njira zamankhwala zitha kuchiza. Chithandizochi chingaphatikizepo maantibayotiki kapena njira zopangira opaleshoni, monga kuyika kwa cochlear. Kukhazikika kwa cochlear ndi makina ang'onoang'ono amagetsi oyikidwa pansi pa khungu lanu kumbuyo khutu. Imatanthauzira kung'ung'udza kwamphamvu kukhala zizindikilo zamagetsi zomwe ubongo wanu ungatanthauzire ngati mawu omveka.

Kutaya kwakumverera koyenera kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• khutu matenda
• chifuwa
• khutu losambira
• pomanga phula m'makutu

Chinthu chachilendo chomwe chatsekedwa khutu, zotupa zosaopsa kapena kufooka kwa ngalande yamakutu chifukwa chamatenda obwerezabwereza ndizo zonse zomwe zimayambitsa kumva kwakumva.

Kumva Kutaya Kwa Sensorineural (SNHL)

SNHL imachitika pakakhala kuwonongeka kwa makutu amkati amkati kapena munjira zamitsempha zopita kuubongo. Makutu amtunduwu amamva nthawi zambiri. SNHL imapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale losiyana, labwino, kapena laphokoso limawoneka ngati losamveka kapena lomveka bwino.

SNHL itha kubwera kuchokera:

• zilema zobereka zomwe zimasintha khutu
• kukalamba
• kugwira ntchito mozungulira phokoso laphokoso
• kupwetekedwa mutu kapena chigaza
• Matenda a Meniere, omwe ndi vuto la khutu lamkati lomwe lingakhudze kumva ndi kusamala.
• acoustic neuroma, lomwe ndi chotupa chosagwidwa ndi khansa chomwe chimakula pamitsempha yolumikiza khutu ndi ubongo wotchedwa "vestibular cochlear nerve"

Matenda

Matenda monga awa akhoza kuwononga mitsempha ya khutu ndikupita ku SNHL:

• chikuku
• meninjaitisi
• matumba
• malungo ofiira kwambiri

Mankhwala a Ototoxic

Mankhwala ena, otchedwa ototoxic, amathanso kuyambitsa SNHL. Malingana ndi ASHA, pali mankhwala oposa 200 owonjezera omwe angayambitse kumva. Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a khansa, matenda a mtima, kapena matenda akulu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zovuta zakumva zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi aliyense.

Kutaya Kwakumva Kosakanikirana

Kutaya kwakumva kosakanikirana kumathanso kuchitika. Izi zimachitika pamene kutaya kwamakutu komanso SNHL kumachitika nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi Zizindikiro Za Kumva Kutaya Ndi Ziti?

Kumva kwakanthawi kumachitika pakapita nthawi. Poyamba, mwina simukuwona kusintha kulikonse pakumva kwanu. Komabe, ngati mukumane ndi izi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala:

• kumva kwakusokoneza zomwe mumachita tsiku ndi tsiku
• kumva kwakumva komwe kumawipira kapena komwe sikupita
• kutayika kwakumva ndikovuta kwambiri khutu limodzi
• kutaya kwadzidzidzi
• kulira khutu
• kutaya kwambiri
• kukhala ndi ululu wamakutu pamodzi ndi mavuto akumva
• kupweteka mutu
• dzanzi
• kufooka

Muyenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi ngati mukudwala mutu, kuchita dzanzi, kapena kufooka limodzi ndi izi:

• kuzizira
• kupuma mofulumira
• kuuma khosi
• kusanza
• kutengeka ndi kuwala
• kusokonezeka m'maganizo

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuchitika ndikuwopseza moyo komwe kumafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu, monga meninjaitisi.

Kodi ndi Njira Ziti Zomwe Mungasamalire Kumva Kutayika?

Ngati mungakhale ndi vuto lakumva chifukwa cha sera yambiri mumtsinje wamakutu, mutha kuchotsa sera kunyumba. Njira zothetsera mavuto, kuphatikizapo zofewetsa sera, zimatha kuchotsa sera m'makutu. Majirinji amathanso kukankha madzi ofunda kudzera mumtsinje wamakutu kuti achotse sera. Funsani dokotala musanayese kuchotsa chilichonse chomwe chagwera khutu lanu kuti musawononge khutu lanu mosazindikira.

Pazifukwa zina zakumva, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu. Ngati vuto lanu lakumva limabwera chifukwa cha matenda, dokotala angafunike kukupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo. Ngati kutaya kwanu kwakumva chifukwa cha mavuto ena akumva, adokotala angakutumizireni kwa katswiri kuti akalandire thandizo lakumva kapena kulowetsa cochlear.

Kodi Ndi Zovuta Ziti Zomwe Zimakhudzana ndi Kumva Kutayika?

Kutaya kwakumva kwawonetsedwa kuti kumakhudza moyo wamoyo wamunthu komanso malingaliro awo. Ngati mukuyamba kumva, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta kumvetsetsa ena. Izi zitha kukulitsa nkhawa kapena kupsinjika. Chithandizo chakumva chimatha kusintha moyo wanu kwambiri. Zingabwezeretse kudzidalira komanso kukulitsa luso lanu lolankhulana ndi anthu ena.

Kodi Ndingapewe Bwanji Kutaya Makutu?

Sikuti milandu yonse yakumva imatha kupewedwa. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze kumva kwanu:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zida zodzitetezera ngati mumagwira ntchito m'malo amphezi, ndipo muzivala zomangirira m'makutu mukasambira ndikupita kumakonsati. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disways inanena kuti anthu 15 pa 100 aliwonse a zaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 69 adamva kumva chifukwa cha phokoso lalikulu.
• Khalani ndi mayeso akumva pafupipafupi ngati mumayenda phokoso laphokoso, mumasambira pafupipafupi, kapena mumapita kumakonsati pafupipafupi.
• Pewani kukhala nthawi yayitali phokoso komanso nyimbo.
• Funani chithandizo cha matenda am'makutu. Zitha kuwononga khutu nthawi zonse ngati sizichiritsidwa.