Kuyesedwa kwa HER2 (Khansa ya M'mawere)

Zamkati

• Kodi kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mawere ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwa HER2 khansa ya m'mawere?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani poyesedwa khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kuyesedwa kwa khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2?
• Zolemba

Kodi kuyezetsa khansa ya m'mawere ndi chiyani?

HER2 imayimira kukula kwa epidermalal factor receptor receptor 2. Ndi jini yomwe imapangitsa kuti mapuloteni apezeke pamwamba pamasamba onse ammawere. Zimakhudzidwa ndikukula kwama cell.

Chibadwa ndiye gawo lofunikira la kubadwa, lochokera kwa amayi ndi abambo anu. Mu khansa ina, makamaka khansa ya m'mawere, mtundu wa HER2 umasintha (kusintha) ndikupanga mitundu ina ya jini. Izi zikachitika, jini ya HER2 imapanga mapuloteni ambiri a HER2, ndikupangitsa kuti maselo agawane ndikukula mwachangu kwambiri.

Khansa yomwe imakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri a HER2 amadziwika kuti HER2-positive. Khansa yokhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa amadziwika kuti HER2-negative. Pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere ndi HER2-positive.

Kuyesedwa kwa HER2 kumayang'ana mtundu wa minofu yotupa. Njira zofala kwambiri zowunika zotupa ndi:

• Kuyesa kwa Immunohistochemistry (IHC) kumayesa puloteni ya HER2 pamwamba pamaselo
• Kuyezetsa kwa fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) kumayang'ana mitundu ingapo yamtundu wa HER2

Mayeso onsewa amatha kudziwa ngati muli ndi khansa ya HER2. Mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 atha kukhala othandiza kwambiri.

Mayina ena: epidermal kukula kwa munthu cholandilira 2, kukweza kwa ERBB2, kuwonjezera kwa HER2, kuyesa kwa HER2 / neu

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuyesedwa kwa HER2 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti mudziwe ngati khansa ili ndi HER2. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwona ngati khansa ikuyankha kuchipatala kapena ngati khansa yabwerera mutalandira chithandizo.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika kuyesedwa kwa HER2 khansa ya m'mawere?

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere, mungafunike kuyesaku kuti muwone ngati khansa yanu ili ndi HER2 kapena HER2-hasi. Ngati mukulandira kale khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2, mungafunike mayeso awa:

• Fufuzani ngati chithandizo chanu chikugwira ntchito. Mulingo woyenera wa HER2 ungatanthauze kuti mukumvera chithandizo. Miyezo yambiri ingatanthauze kuti mankhwalawa sakugwira ntchito.
• Fufuzani ngati khansa yabwerera mutalandira chithandizo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani poyesedwa khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2?

Mayeso ambiri a HER2 amaphatikizapo kutenga zitsanzo za zotupa mu njira yotchedwa biopsy. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya njira zowunikira:

• Chida chabwino cha singano, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri kuchotsa sampuli yama cell am'mimba kapena madzimadzi
• Chigoba chachikulu cha singano, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito singano yayikulu kuchotsa nyemba
• Opaleshoni biopsy, yomwe imachotsa zitsanzo munjira yaying'ono, yopita kuchipatala

Kukhumba kwabwino kwa singano ndi ma biopsies oyambira singano Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo izi:

• Mudzagona mbali yanu kapena kukhala patebulo la mayeso.
• Wothandizira zaumoyo amatsuka tsambalo ndikulibaya mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kuti musamve kuwawa panthawi yomwe mukuchita.
• Dera likangokhala dzanzi, wothandizirayo amalowetsa singano yoyeserera kapena singano yoyambira patsambalo ndikuchotsa minofu kapena madzimadzi.
• Mutha kumva kupsinjika pang'ono ngati chitsanzocho chitachotsedwa.
• Anzanu adzagwiritsidwa ntchito patsambalo mpaka magazi atasiya.
• Wothandizira anu adzagwiritsa ntchito bandeji wosabala pamalo osanthula.

Mu biopsy ya opaleshoni, dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pakhungu lanu kuti achotse chotupa chonse kapena gawo lina la bere. Kujambula opaleshoni nthawi zina kumachitika ngati chotupacho sichingafikiridwe ndi singano ya singano. Ma biopsies opangira opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi izi.

• Mugona patebulo logwirira ntchito. IV (chingwe cholowa mkati) chitha kuyikidwa m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja.
• Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala, otchedwa sedative, kuti akuthandizeni kupumula.
• Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo kapena wamba kuti musamve kuwawa panthawiyi.
  • Kwa anesthesia yakomweko, wothandizira zaumoyo adzalowetsa tsambalo ndi mankhwala kuti achepetse malowo.
  • Pazachipatala, katswiri wotchedwa anesthesiologist amakupatsani mankhwala kuti musamakomedwe pochita izi.
• Dera la biopsy likakhala lofooka kapena simukudziwa, dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pachifuwa ndikuchotsa gawo limodzi kapena mtanda wonse. Minofu ina yozungulira buluyo imathanso kuchotsedwa.
• Odulidwa pakhungu lanu adzatsekedwa ndi zingwe kapena zomata zomata.

Mtundu wa biopsy womwe muli nawo umadalira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kukula ndi malo a chotupacho. HER2 amathanso kuyezedwa poyesa magazi, koma kuyesa magazi kwa HER2 sikunatsimikizidwe kuti ndi kothandiza kwa odwala ambiri. Chifukwa chake sikulimbikitsidwa.

Pambuyo poti khungu lanu latengedwa, lidzayesedwa m'njira imodzi mwanjira izi:

• Mapuloteni a HER2 adzayesedwa.
• Chitsanzocho chidzafufuzidwa pamitundu ingapo yamtundu wa HER2.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?

Simusowa kukonzekera kulikonse ngati mukupeza mankhwala opatsirana (dzanzi la tsambalo). Ngati mukupeza mankhwala oletsa ululu, muyenera kusala kudya (osadya kapena kumwa) kwa maola angapo musanachite opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo achindunji. Komanso, ngati mukupeza mankhwala ogonetsa kapena owonetsa ululu, onetsetsani kuti mwakonza zoti wina azikupititsani kunyumba. Mutha kukhala okwiya komanso osokonezeka mukadzuka panjira.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?

Mutha kukhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena kutuluka magazi pamalo omwe mumapezeka biopsy. Nthawi zina malowa amatenga kachilomboka. Izi zikachitika, mudzalandira mankhwala opha tizilombo. Chidziwitso cha opaleshoni chingayambitse kupweteka kwina. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angakulimbikitseni kapena kukupatsirani mankhwala kuti akuthandizeni kumva bwino.

Pali chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri choyesedwa magazi. Mutha kukhala ndi ululu pang'ono kapena kuvulala pamalo pomwe singano idayikidwapo, koma zizindikiro zambiri zimatha msanga.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a HER2 ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa mitundu yabwinobwino kapena yowonjezera ya jini la HER2 ikupezeka, ndiye kuti zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi khansa ya HER2. Ngati zotsatira zanu zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a HER2 kapena majini wamba a HER2, mwina muli ndi khansa ya HER2.

Ngati zotsatira zanu sizinali zabwino kapena zoipa, mwina mudzayesedwanso, mwina pogwiritsa ntchito chotupa china kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina yoyesera. Nthawi zambiri, IHC (kuyesa kwa HER2 protein) kumachitika koyamba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi FISH (kuyesa mitundu ina ya jini). Kuyesa kwa IHC sikotsika mtengo ndipo kumapereka zotsatira mwachangu kuposa FISH. Koma akatswiri ambiri m'mawere amaganiza kuti kuyezetsa FISH ndi kolondola.

Mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 imatha kuchepetsa zotupa za khansa, zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta zochepa. Mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito mu khansa ya HER2-negative.

Ngati mukuchiritsidwa ndi khansa ya HER2, zotsatira zake zitha kutanthauza kuti mukumvera chithandizo. Zotsatira zomwe zimawonetsa kuti ndizokwera kuposa zachilendo zitha kutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa sakugwira ntchito, kapena kuti khansa yabweranso mutalandira chithandizo.

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa chokhudza kuyesedwa kwa khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2?

Ngakhale ndizofala kwambiri mwa amayi, khansa ya m'mawere, kuphatikiza khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2, imathanso kukhudza amuna. Ngati munthu wapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere, kuyesa kwa HER2 kungalimbikitsidwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, abambo ndi amai angafunike kuyesedwa kwa HER2 ngati atapezeka ndi khansa zina zam'mimba ndi m'mimba. Khansa nthawi zina imakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri a HER2 ndipo amatha kuyankha bwino kuchipatala cha HER2.

Zolemba

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Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.