Zimatenga Nthawi Yaitali Bwanji Kuti Munthu Akalandire Zotsatira Zoyesa magazi?

Zamkati

• Kodi njirayi imagwira ntchito bwanji?
• Mayeso amagazi wamba komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti apeze zotsatira
• Kuyezetsa magazi pamimba
• Mayeso a chithokomiro
• Mayeso a khansa
• Mayeso opatsirana pogonana
• Mayeso a kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• Inpatient vs. kuyezetsa magazi kunja
• Malangizo okuthandizani kupeza zotsatira mwachangu
• Kutenga

Chidule

Kuyambira kuchuluka kwama cholesterol mpaka kuwerengetsa magazi, pali mayeso ambiri amwazi omwe amapezeka. Nthawi zina, zotsatira zimapezeka pakangotha ​​mphindi zochepa kuchokera poyesa mayeso. Nthawi zina, zimatha kutenga masiku kapena milungu kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyesa magazi.

Posachedwa bwanji kuti muphunzire milingo yanu zimadalira mayeso omwewo komanso zinthu zina zingapo.

Kodi njirayi imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kukoka magazi kumatchedwanso venipuncture. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kuchokera mumtsempha. Achipatala omwe amadziwika kuti ma phlebotomists nthawi zambiri amachita kukoka magazi. Kuti atenge magazi anu, adza:

• Sambani m'manja ndi sopo kapena madzi kapena choyeretsera m'manja ndikugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi.
• Ikani malo oyendera (nthawi zambiri amatambasula, gulu labala) mozungulira malo, nthawi zambiri pamanja.
• Dziwani mitsempha ndikuyeretsani malowo ndi chopukutira mowa.
• Ikani singano tating'onoting'ono mumtsempha. Muyenera kuwona magazi akubwera kudzera mu singano ndikulowa mu chubu kapena syringe.
• Chotsani chiwonetserochi ndikukakamiza pang'ono pamalo obwezera vutoli. Nthawi zina, amaika bandeji pamalowo.

Njira yokoka magazi imatha kuthamangira kwambiri ngati muli ndi mitsempha yomwe imawoneka mosavuta ndikupezeka. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imatenga mphindi 5 mpaka 10.

Komabe, nthawi zina zimatenga nthawi yochulukirapo kuzindikira kuti mitsempha ndi yotani. Zinthu monga kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, kudziwa kwa phlebotomist, ndi kukula kwa mitsempha yanu kumakhudza momwe magazi angathere mwachangu.

Mayeso amagazi wamba komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti apeze zotsatira

Zina mwazomwe zimayesedwa magazi omwe dokotala atha kuyitanitsa ndi monga:

• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC). Kuyesaku kumayeza kupezeka kwa mitundu 10 yama cell m'maselo oyera, magazi ofiira, ndi ma platelets. Zitsanzo za zotsatirazi ndi hematocrit, hemoglobin, kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira, ndi kuchuluka kwama cell oyera. Zotsatira za CBC nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kwa dokotala pasanathe maola 24.
• Gulu loyambira lama metabolic. Kuyesaku kumayeza maelekitirodi wamba m'magazi komanso mankhwala ena. Zitsanzo zake ndi calcium, glucose, sodium, potaziyamu, carbon dioxide, chloride, magazi urea nitrogen, ndi creatinine. Mutha kupemphedwa kusala kudya kwakanthawi kochepa musanatenge magazi anu. Zotsatirazi zimatumizidwanso kwa dokotala pasanathe maola 24.
• Gulu lathunthu lamagetsi. Kuyezetsa magazi uku kumayesa zinthu zonse zomwe zatchulidwa pamayeso pamwambapa komanso mayeso awiri a protein, albin ndi protein yonse, komanso mayeso anayi a chiwindi. Izi zikuphatikiza ALP, ALT, AST, ndi bilirubin. Dokotala atha kuyitanitsa kuyezetsa kokwanira ngati akufuna kumvetsetsa zambiri za chiwindi kapena ntchito ya impso. Nthawi zambiri amalandila zotsatira zanu pasanathe tsiku limodzi kapena atatu.
• Gulu la lipid. Mapepala a lipid amayesa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mthupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo milingo yochuluka kwambiri ya lipoprotein (HDL) ndi low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Dokotala wanu ayenera kulandira zotsatira kuchokera ku labu pasanathe maola 24.

Nthawi zambiri ogwira ntchito labotale amaimbira foni kapena kutumiza zotsatira mwachindunji ku ofesi ya adokotala kuti awunikenso. Kutengera ndandanda ya dokotala wanu, mutha kuphunzira zotsatira zanu kudzera pafoni kapena pazenera pa intaneti atangolandira kumene ofesi yawo. Komabe, muyenera kukhala okonzeka kupereka nthawi yochulukirapo.

Ma lab ena amatulutsa zotsatira mwachindunji kwa inu kudzera pa intaneti yotetezeka popanda kuwunika kwa dokotala wanu. Poterepa, labu ikhoza kukuwuzani nthawi yomwe mungayembekezere zotsatira.

Zotsatira zanu zitha kuchedwa ngati zitsanzozo sizikwanira (magazi osakwanira), zakhudzana, kapena ngati maselo amwazi adawonongeka pazifukwa zina asanafike labu.

Kuyezetsa magazi pamimba

Mayeso amwazi wamaimidwe apakati amakhala ochulukirapo kapena oyenera. Kuyezetsa magazi mwakhama kumabweretsa zotsatira za "inde" kapena "ayi" pamimba. Kuyezetsa magazi kochuluka kumatha kuyankha kuchuluka kwa chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) yomwe ilipo mthupi. Hormone iyi imapangidwa panthawi yapakati.

Nthawi yomwe mayesowa angachitike akhoza kukhala osiyanasiyana. Ngati dokotala ali ndi labotale yapakhomo, mutha kulandira zotsatira zanu m'maola ochepa. Ngati sichoncho, zitha kutenga masiku awiri kapena atatu. Mayeso onsewa amatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuyesa mkodzo wapakati. Kuyesaku kumapereka zotsatira mumphindi, koma sikokwanira.

Mayeso a chithokomiro

Gulu la chithokomiro limayesa kupezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, monga hormone yotulutsa chithokomiro (TSH), m'magazi.

Miyeso ina ikuphatikizapo kutenga T3, thyroxine (T4), ndi index yaulere-T4, yotchedwanso T7. Dokotala amalamula kuyesaku kuti awone ngati munthu ali ndi matenda omwe amakhudza chithokomiro chake, monga hyperthyroidism kapena hypothyroidism.

Zotsatirazi ziyenera kutumizidwa kwa dokotala pasanathe tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, chifukwa chake mutha kuyembekezera kuti muphunzire magawo anu pasanathe sabata.

Mayeso a khansa

Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyezetsa magazi kuti adziwe ngati pali khansa. Kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumalimbikitsidwa kumadalira mtundu wa khansa yomwe dokotala wanu akufuna. Ena mwa mayeserowa amatha kukhala osowa, monganso mitundu ina yama immunoglobulins ndi zotupa.

Mayesowa atha kutenga masiku mpaka sabata kapena kupitilira apo zotsatira zisanachitike.

Mayeso opatsirana pogonana

Kuyezetsa mwachangu kumapezeka kukayezetsa HIV, nthawi zambiri kuzipatala ndi kuzipatala. Malinga ndi University of Columbia, mayesowa nthawi zambiri amapereka zotsatira mu mphindi 10 mpaka 20. Madokotala amagwiritsanso ntchito kuyesa magazi kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matenda a herpes, hepatitis, ndi syphilis. Zotsatira izi zitha kutenga sabata limodzi kapena awiri.

Dziwani kuti swabs (kaya ndi maliseche kapena mkamwa) ndi mayeso amkodzo atha kukhala njira yabwino yoyeserera matenda opatsirana pogonana. Zotsatira zingathenso kutenga nthawi yayitali ngati zikhalidwe zikuyenera kukulitsidwa.

Matenda ena opatsirana pogonana sawonekera atangopatsirana, kotero dokotala akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso oti adzatsatidwe kwakanthawi kwakanthawi pambuyo pazotsatira zoyipa.

Mayeso a kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi

Dokotala amatha kuyitanitsa CBC kuti iyese kuchepa kwa magazi kapena kuyitanitsa mayeso ochepa pofunsa mayeso a hemoglobin ndi hematocrit (H ndi H).Kuyesedwa mwachangu kwa zotsatirazi kulipo, ndipo nthawi zina milingo imanenedwa m'mphindi 10 kapena zochepa. Komabe, mayeso ena a labotale atha kutenga maola kuti izi zichitike.

Inpatient vs. kuyezetsa magazi kunja

Malo amatha kuthana ndi momwe mudzabwezeretsere zotsatira zanu mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, kupita kumalo komwe kuli labotale (monga chipatala) kumatha kukupezerani zotsatira mwachangu kwambiri kuposa ngati magazi anu atumizidwa ku labotale ina. Kuyesedwa kwapadera kwakanthawi kochepa nthawi zambiri kumafuna kutumizidwa kuma laboratories.

Malinga ndi Regional Medical Laboratory, zotsatira zambiri zachipatala zitha kupezeka patadutsa maola atatu kapena asanu mutalandira magazi. Nthawi zina magazi otengedwa kumalo ena, omwe siachipatala amatha masiku angapo kuti apeze zotsatira.

Malangizo okuthandizani kupeza zotsatira mwachangu

Ngati mukuyembekeza kulandira zotsatira zoyesera magazi mwachangu, maupangiri ena oti muchite izi atha kukhala awa:

• Funsani kuti atenge magazi pamalo omwe pali labotale ya pamalopo.
• Funsani ngati pali njira zina “zoyesa msanga” pa mayeso ena, monga H ndi H ochepetsa magazi.
• Funsani ngati zotsatira zingatumizedwe kwa inu kudzera pa tsamba latsamba.
• Funsani ngati mungayembekezere kuchipatala mpaka zotsatira zitapezeka.

Nthawi zina, kuyezetsa magazi kumatengera msanga kutengera momwe kuyezetsa magazi kumafalikira. Mayeso amwazi omwe amachitika pafupipafupi, monga CBC kapena gulu lama metabolic, nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwachangu kuposa mayeso amikhalidwe yosowa. Ma laboratories ochepa atha kukhala ndi mayeso okhudzana ndi izi, zomwe zingachedwetse zotsatira.

Kutenga

Ndikupanga kwatsopano poyesa mwachangu, mayeso ambiri a labotale amapezeka posachedwa kuposa kale. Komabe, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira kuti dokotala wanu awunike mosamalitsa musanapereke zotsatira. Kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri ama labotale za kutalika kwa mayeso omwe angatenge kungakuthandizeni kukhazikitsa nthawi yoyenera yopezera zotsatira.

AACC imapereka chidziwitso chokwanira pamayeso amwazi omwe akuwongolera.