Momwe Mowa Umakukhudzirani: Upangiri Womwa Moyenera

Zamkati

• Kuyamwa mowa ndi kagayidwe kake
• Momwe thupi limagwiritsira ntchito mowa
• Nchiyani chimapangitsa kudzimva kotereku?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa matsire?
• Magazi a mowa (BAC)
• Malire ndi malamulo oletsedwa a BAC
• Mipata yakuledzera amuna ndi akazi
• Kodi chakumwa chokhazikika ndi chiyani?
• Malangizo omwa bwino
• Pamene kumwa kumakhala koopsa
• Kuopsa kwa mowa
• Anthu omwe ayenera kupewa mowa
• Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala
• Kutenga

Kaya mukumacheza ndi anzanu kapena mukuyesa kupumula pambuyo pa tsiku lalitali, ambiri aife timasangalala ndikumwa malo omwera kapena kutsegula mowa ozizira nthawi zina.

Ngakhale kumwa mowa pang'ono sikungakhale koopsa, kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kukhala ndi zovuta m'thupi.

Koma kodi mowa umakhudza bwanji thupi lako? Kodi mowa ndi wochuluka motani? Ndipo pali njira zakumwa bwino? Pitirizani kuwerenga pamene tikufufuza mayankho a mafunso awa ndi zina pansipa.

Kuyamwa mowa ndi kagayidwe kake

Tikamwa mowa, komwe amapita koyamba ndikumimba. Ndipamene mowa umayamba kulowa m'mwazi wanu.

Ngati mulibe chakudya m'mimba mwanu, mowa umatha kulowa m'matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono mwachangu. Matumbo ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi malo okwera kwambiri kuposa kuyamwa kwanu, kutanthauza kuti mowa umalowa m'magazi anu mwachangu.

Ngati mwadya, m'mimba mwanu mumangoyang'ana zakudyazo. Chifukwa chake, mowa umatuluka m'mimba mwako pang'onopang'ono.

Mowa ukangolowa m'magazi, umatha kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi, kuphatikiza chiwindi. Chiwindi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa mowa wambiri womwe umamwa.

Momwe thupi limagwiritsira ntchito mowa

Mkati mwa chiwindi, mowa umasinthidwa, kapena kuwonongeka, munjira ziwiri:

• Gawo 1: Enzyme yotchedwa alcohol dehydrogenase imaphwanya mowa ndi mankhwala otchedwa acetaldehyde.
• Gawo 2: Enzyme ina ya chiwindi yotchedwa acetaldehyde dehydrogenase imaphwanya mowa kukhala acetic acid.

Maselo a thupi lanu amathyola asidi mpaka kufika mu carbon dioxide ndi madzi. Izi zimatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta m'thupi lanu kudzera mukukodza ndi kupuma.

Nchiyani chimapangitsa kudzimva kotereku?

Ndiye nchiyani chomwe chimatipatsa chisangalalo, kumwa mowa? Chiwindi chanu chimatha kugwiritsira ntchito mowa wochuluka panthawi imodzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mowa umatha kuyenda m'magazi kupita ku ziwalo zina, monga ubongo.

Mowa umakhala wokhumudwitsa dongosolo lanu lamanjenje (CNS). Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimakhudza ubongo wanu.

Chifukwa cha izi, ma neuron omwe ali muubongo wanu amazimitsa chidwi chamitsempha pang'onopang'ono. Izi zitha kubweretsa zinthu monga chiweruzo cholephera kapena kulumikizana komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuledzera.

Mowa amathanso kulimbikitsa kumasulidwa kwa ma neurotransmitters ngati serotonin ndi dopamine. Ma neurotransmitters awa amalumikizidwa ndi chisangalalo ndi mphotho ndipo zimatha kubweretsa kumverera ngati chisangalalo kapena kupumula.

Zomverera izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi zizindikilo zina zakuthupi zakuledzera monga kusambitsa, thukuta, ndi kukulitsa pokodza.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa matsire?

Matendawa amayamba kumwa mowa wambiri. Zizindikiro zimakhala zosasangalatsa ndipo zimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi munthu. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matsire:

• Kutaya madzi m'thupi. Kumwa mowa kumayambitsa kukodza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asatuluke. Izi zitha kupangitsa mutu, kutopa, komanso kumva ludzu.
• Kukwiya kwa thirakiti la GI. Mowa umakwiyitsa gawo lakumimba, kumabweretsa nseru komanso kupweteka m'mimba.
• Kusokonezeka tulo. Kumwa mowa nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kugona mokwanira, komwe kumatha kuwonjezera kutopa kapena kutopa.
• Shuga wamagazi ochepa. Mowa umatha kutsitsa shuga m'magazi ochepa, zomwe zingakupangitseni kutopa, kufooka, kapena kusakhazikika.
• Acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde (mankhwala omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zakumwa zoledzeretsa m'thupi lanu) ndi owopsa ndipo amatha kuthandizira kutupa m'thupi lanu, zomwe zingakupangitseni kumva kuti mukudwala.
• Kuchotsa pang'ono. Mowa umalepheretsa CNS yanu. Mowa ukamatha, CNS yanu imatha. Izi zimatha kudzetsa mkwiyo kapena nkhawa.

Magazi a mowa (BAC)

Kukhazikika kwa mowa wamagazi (BAC) ndiye kuchuluka kwa mowa m'magazi a munthu. Mukamamwa mowa wochulukirapo, wochulukirapo umalowa m'magazi anu.

Zinthu zambiri zimakhudza momwe mowa umayambira komanso kupangidwira. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kugonana. Chifukwa chosiyana ndi kagayidwe kachakumwa ka mowa, azimayi amakhala ndi BAC yambiri kuposa amuna atamwa mowa womwewo.
• Kulemera. Pambuyo pa zakumwa zomwezo, anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lokwera kwambiri amakhala ndi BAC yocheperako kuposa yemwe ali ndi thupi lochepa.
• Zaka. Achichepere atha kukhala osazindikira zovuta zina zakumwa mowa.
• Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso ngati muli ndi zovuta zina. Zinthu zina zimatha kukhudza kutha kwa thupi kupukusa mowa.
• Mlingo wa kagayidwe kachakudya ndi kulolerana. Kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kabwino ka mowa komanso kuchuluka kwa kulekerera mowa kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa anthu.

Zinthu zingapo zakunja zingakhudzenso kuchuluka kwanu mowa. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• mtundu ndi mphamvu ya mowa womwe mumamwa
• mlingo umene wamwa mowa
• kuchuluka kwa mowa womwe wakhalapo
• kaya mwadya kapena ayi
• ngati mukumwa mowa ndi mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala

Malire ndi malamulo oletsedwa a BAC

United States yatanthauzira "malire azovomerezeka" a BAC. Ngati mungapezeke kuti mulibe malire, muyenera kulandira zilango monga kumangidwa kapena kukhudzika ndi DUI.

Ku United States, malire ovomerezeka a BAC ndi 0.08 peresenti. Malire ovomerezeka a oyendetsa magalimoto ogulitsa ndiotsikirako - 0.04 peresenti.

Mipata yakuledzera amuna ndi akazi

Kodi pali njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa? Njira yokhayo yomwe ma BAC angayesere ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwa breathalyzer kapena kuyesa magazi.

Ma chart ali pansipa atha kukhala othandiza pakuwunikira. Amawonetsa kulemera, malire amilandu, komanso milingo yakuledzera amuna ndi akazi.

Magawo akumwa mowa m'magazi amuna.

Mlingo wamagulu amowa azimayi kwa azimayi.

Kodi chakumwa chokhazikika ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndi a, chakumwa chovomerezeka chimatchedwa 14 magalamu (kapena ma oun 0.6) a mowa wosadetsedwa.

Kumbukirani kuti mowa umasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mwa malangizowa, ma ola 12 a mowa 8% ndiye kuti samwa kamodzi. Momwemonso, zakumwa zosakanizika monga margarita mwina zimakhalanso ndi zakumwa zingapo.

Malangizo omwa bwino

Nanga ndi malangizo ati abwino pakumwa moyenera? limatanthauzira kumwa pang'ono ngati kumwa 1 pa tsiku kwa akazi ndi zakumwa ziwiri patsiku kwa amuna.

Kumwa kwapakati kumatanthauza kumwa kwa chakumwa chimodzi patsiku kwa akazi ndi zakumwa ziwiri patsiku kwa amuna.

Malangizowa amakhala otetezeka kwa anthu ambiri. Malangizo ena pakumwa moyenera ndi awa:

• Onetsetsani kuti musamamwe mopanda kanthu. Kukhala ndi chakudya m'mimba mukamamwa kumatha kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa mowa.
• Onetsetsani kuti musakhale ndi hydrated. Yesetsani kumwa madzi okwanira pakumwa kulikonse.
• Sip pang'onopang'ono. Yesetsani kuchepetsa kumwa mowa kamodzi pa ola limodzi.
• Dziwani malire anu. Sankhani zakumwa zingati zomwe mukukonzekera musanayambe. Musalole kuti ena akukakamizeni kuti mumwe mopitirira muyeso.

Pamene kumwa kumakhala koopsa

Ngakhale kumwa pang'ono sikungakhale koopsa kwa anthu ambiri, kumwa kwambiri kapena kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kukhala koopsa. Kodi kumwa kumayamba kukhala koopsa liti?

Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kumaphatikizapo izi:

• Kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, komwe kumatchedwa zakumwa 4 m'maola awiri azimayi ndi zakumwa zisanu m'maola awiri kwa amuna.
• Kumwa kwambiri, komwe kumamwa zakumwa zisanu ndi zitatu kapena kupitilira apo pa sabata kwa azimayi ndi zakumwa 15 kapena kupitilira apo pamlungu kwa amuna.
• Kusokonezeka kwa mowa, komwe kumakhudza zizindikilo monga kulephera kumwa mowa, kufuna kumwa mowa kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna, ndikupitilizabe kumwa ngakhale zitasokoneza moyo wanu.

Kuopsa kwa mowa

Pali zoopsa zambiri zomwe zimadza chifukwa chakumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• poizoni wa mowa
• chiopsezo chovulala kapena kufa ataledzera
• kuchuluka kwa chiwerewere, monga kugonana popanda kondomu kapena njira zina zolepheretsa
• kufooketsa chitetezo chamthupi, kukupangitsani kuti muzidwala kwambiri
• matenda amtima, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi sitiroko
• matenda a chiwindi, monga matenda a chiwindi a mowa ndi matenda enaake
• mavuto am'mimba, monga zilonda zam'mimba ndi kapamba
• Kukula kwa khansa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo za pachiwindi, m'matumbo, ndi m'mawere
• zovuta zamitsempha, kuphatikizapo neuropathy ndi dementia
• mavuto azaumoyo, monga kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa

Anthu omwe ayenera kupewa mowa

Pali magulu ena omwe ayenera kupewa kumwa kwathunthu. Zikuphatikizapo:

• anthu omwe ali ndi zaka zosaloledwa mwalamulo, omwe ali 21 ku United States
• amayi apakati
• anthu omwe akuchira matenda osokoneza bongo
• anthu omwe akukonzekera kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina, kapena kuchita nawo ntchito ina yomwe imafunikira kulumikizana ndikukhala tcheru
• anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala omwe amatha kusokoneza mowa
• anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino lomwe lingasokonezedwe ndi mowa

Nthawi yoti muwonane ndi dokotala

Muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala ngati mukuganiza kuti inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukumwa mowa mwauchidakwa. Samalani ndi izi:

• Mumamva ngati mumamwa mopitirira muyeso kapena simungathe kuyendetsa kumwa kwanu.
• Mumawona kuti mumakhala nthawi yayitali mukuganizira zakumwa zoledzeretsa kapena kuyesa kupeza mowa.
• Mwawona kuti kumwa kwakhudza kwambiri moyo wanu, kuphatikizapo ntchito yanu, moyo wanu, kapena moyo wanu wachikhalidwe.
• Achibale, abwenzi, kapena okondedwa afotokoza nkhawa zawo zakumwa kwanu.

Ngati mungazindikire ndi chimodzi mwazizindikirozi, kambiranani ndi dokotala. Amatha kugwira ntchito limodzi nanu kuti apange njira zokuthandizani kusiya kumwa.

Mukawona zizindikirozi mwa mnzanu kapena wokondedwa wanu, musawope kufikira ndikufotokozera nkhawa zanu. Kukhazikitsa njira yowathandizira kungawathandize kuzindikira kuti akufunikira thandizo pakumwa kwawo.

Kutenga

Kumwa mowa pang'ono sikungakhale ndi vuto pa thanzi lanu. Komabe, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana.

Ngati mwasankha kumwa, ndikofunika kutero mosamala. Izi zitha kuchitika pochepetsa kudya kwanu, kukhala ndi madzi ambiri, komanso osamwa kuposa momwe mungathere.

Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti inuyo kapena wokondedwa wanu mukumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala. Palinso njira zina zopezera thandizo, kuphatikiza SAMHSA National Helpline (800-662-4357) ndi NIAAA Alcohol Treatment Navigator.