Khansa ya m'mapapo: Kodi imagwira ntchito?

Zamkati

• Kodi immunotherapy ya khansa yamapapu imagwira ntchito bwanji?
• Zoyang'anira chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi
• Ma antibodies a monoclonal
• Katemera wa khansa ya m'mapapo
• Ma immunotherapies ena
• Ndani ali phungu woyenera wa immunotherapy?
• Kodi zimagwira ntchito?
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a immunotherapy
• Momwe mungayambire chithandizo
• Kuyanjana ndi mayeso azachipatala
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Kodi immunotherapy ndi chiyani?

Immunotherapy ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mitundu ina ya khansa yamapapo, makamaka khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono. Nthawi zina amatchedwa biologic therapy kapena biotherapy.

Immunotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuzindikira ndikuwononga ma cell a khansa. Immunotherapy ndi njira yothandizira khansa ya m'mapapo ikapezeka. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo poti mtundu wina wamankhwala walephera.

Kodi immunotherapy ya khansa yamapapu imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimagwira ntchito kukutetezani ku matenda ndi matenda. Maselo anu oteteza thupi ku matenda amaphunzitsidwa kulimbana ndi kuwononga zinthu zakunja, monga majeremusi ndi ma allergen, omwe amalowa mthupi lanu.

Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimatha kuwonongera ndikuukira ma cell a khansa. Komabe, maselo a khansa amakhala ndi zovuta zina. Amawoneka ofanana ndi maselo athanzi, kuwapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuwazindikira. Kuphatikiza apo, amayamba kukula ndikufalikira mwachangu.

Immunotherapy ikhoza kuthandizira kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuthana ndi ma cell a khansa. Pali mitundu yambiri ya immunotherapy yomwe imagwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Zoyang'anira chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi

Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yama protein-based "checkpoints" kuti muwonetsetse kuti sichikulimbana ndi maselo athanzi. Mapuloteni ena amafunika kuti atsegulidwe kapena kutsegulidwa kuti achititse chitetezo chamthupi.

Maselo a khansa nthawi zina amapezerapo mwayi m'malo osakira kuti asawonongeke. Mankhwala a Immunotherapy omwe amalepheretsa malo openyerera zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zovuta kwambiri.

Ma antibodies a monoclonal

Ma antibodies a monoclonal ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi labotale omwe amalumikizana ndi magawo ena am'magazi a khansa. Amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mankhwala, poizoni, kapena zinthu zowulutsa radioactive kupita kumaselo a khansa.

Katemera wa khansa ya m'mapapo

Katemera wa khansa amagwira ntchito mofananamo ndi katemera wa matenda ena. Amayambitsa ma antigen, omwe ndi zinthu zakunja zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kuyambitsa chitetezo cha mthupi motsutsana ndi maselo. Mu katemera wa khansa, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi maselo a khansa.

Ma immunotherapies ena

Mankhwala ena a immunotherapy amalimbitsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi, kuwapangitsa kukhala othandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi maselo a khansa.

Ndani ali phungu woyenera wa immunotherapy?

Ochita kafukufuku samamvetsetsa bwino omwe amapindula ndi immunotherapy ndipo chifukwa chiyani. akuwonetsa kuti immunotherapy imatha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yaying'ono yamapapo yam'mapapo, mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa khansa yamapapo.

Chithandizo chofunikira chimayesedwa ngati njira yothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa zamapapu zomwe zasintha majini ena.

Immunotherapy itha kukhala yosatetezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokhazikika mthupi - monga matenda a Crohn, lupus, kapena nyamakazi - komanso omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana kapena owopsa.

Kodi zimagwira ntchito?

Immunotherapy akadali chithandizo chatsopano cha khansa yamapapo, pomwe maphunziro ambiri akuchitika. Pakadali pano, zotsatirazi zikulonjeza.

Kafukufuku woyendetsa ndege adasanthula magwiridwe antchito a immunotherapy kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yamapapo yam'mapapo yaying'ono yomwe ili pafupi kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Ngakhale kukula kwazitsanzo kunali kochepa, ofufuza adapeza kuti 45 peresenti ya omwe adatenga nawo gawo adawonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwamaselo a khansa pomwe zotupa zawo zidachotsedwa.

Kafukufuku wina adalemba anthu 616 omwe ali ndi khansa yamapapo yam'mapapo yaying'ono, yosagwidwa. Ophunzira adasankhidwa mwachisawawa kuti alandire chemotherapy ndi immunotherapy kapena chemotherapy yokhala ndi placebo.

Mwa iwo omwe adalandira immunotherapy, chiyerekezo cha kupulumuka chinali 69.2 peresenti pamwezi 12. Mosiyana ndi izi, gulu la placebo lidakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi miyezi 12 ya 49.4%.

Immunotherapy yasintha kale madera omwe anthu ali ndi khansa yamapapo. Komabe, siili yangwiro. Pakafukufuku waposachedwa, anthu omwe adalandira chemotherapy ndi immunotherapy amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zoyipa ndikutha chithandizo chawo mwachangu poyerekeza ndi gulu la placebo.

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a immunotherapy

Mankhwala a Immunotherapy amatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• kudzimbidwa
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kutopa
• kuyabwa
• kupweteka pamodzi
• kusowa njala
• nseru
• zotupa pakhungu

Nthawi zina, immunotherapy imayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi m'thupi lanu. Izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto owopsa komanso nthawi zina owopsa.

Ngati mukuchitidwa ndi immunotherapy, muyenera kunena zovuta zina nthawi yomweyo. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kusankha ngati mukufuna kusiya mankhwala.

Momwe mungayambire chithandizo

Immunotherapy sichinafalikire ngati mitundu ina yothandizira khansa. Komabe, madokotala ambiri tsopano akumupatsa. Ambiri mwa madotowa ndi ma oncologists, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amakhazikika pakuthandizira khansa.

Kuti mupeze dokotala yemwe angakupatseni immunotherapy, lemberani ku chipatala chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito khansa. Muthanso kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni malingaliro.

Immunotherapy ikhoza kukhala yotsika mtengo ndipo sikuti nthawi zonse imakhala ndi inshuwaransi. Zimatengera komwe mumakhala komanso omwe amakupatsirani inshuwaransi.

Kuyanjana ndi mayeso azachipatala

Mankhwala ambiri a immunotherapy akuchitikabe mayesero azachipatala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sanavomerezedwe ndi US Food and Drug Administration ndipo sangaperekedwe ndi madokotala.

Ochita kafukufuku amagwiritsa ntchito mayesero azachipatala kuti adziwe momwe mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo aliri othandiza. Ophunzira nawo amakhala ongodzipereka. Ngati mukufuna kutenga nawo mbali pazoyeserera zamankhwala, dokotala wanu atha kukuthandizani kuti muphunzire zambiri, kuphatikiza zowopsa komanso zabwino zopezeka nawo.

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Nthawi yokha ndiyomwe idzafotokozere momwe immunotherapy imagwirira ntchito pochiza khansa yamapapo. Pakadali pano, zikuwoneka kuti immunotherapy imatha kusintha malingaliro a anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yaying'ono yamapapo yam'mapapo. Kafukufuku akupita patsogolo mwachangu koma zotsatira zazitali zitha kutenga zaka.