Immunotherapy ngati Chithandizo Chachiwiri-Chithandizo cha Khansa Yapang'ono Yapang'ono Yam'mapapo

Zamkati

• Immunotherapy: Momwe imagwirira ntchito
• Checkpoint inhibitors a NSCLC
• Kodi mungapeze kuti immunotherapy?
• Kodi mumalandira bwanji mankhwala?
• Kodi amagwira bwino ntchito?
• Zotsatira zake ndi ziti?
• Tengera kwina

Mutapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono (NSCLC), dokotala wanu adzakufunsaninso zomwe mungachite. Ngati muli ndi khansa yoyambirira, nthawi zambiri opaleshoni ndiyo njira yoyamba. Ngati khansa yanu yapita patsogolo, dokotala wanu adzamuchiza ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy, radiation, kapena kuphatikiza atatuwo.

Immunotherapy ikhoza kukhala yachiwiri yothandizira NSCL. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mutha kukhala woyenera kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala ngati mankhwala oyamba omwe mukuyesa kusagwira ntchito kapena kusiya kugwira ntchito.

Nthawi zina madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito ma immunotherapy ngati mankhwala oyamba limodzi ndi mankhwala ena mu khansa yamtsogolo yomwe yafalikira mthupi lonse.

Immunotherapy: Momwe imagwirira ntchito

Immunotherapy imagwira ntchito polimbikitsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuti mupeze ndikupha ma cell a khansa. Mankhwala a immunotherapy omwe amachiza NSCLC amatchedwa checkpoint inhibitors.

Chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimakhala ndi gulu lama cell opha otchedwa T cell, omwe amasaka khansa ndi ma cell ena owopsa akunja ndikuwawononga. Malo oyendera ndi mapuloteni omwe ali pamwamba pamaselo. Amadziwitsa maselo a T kudziwa ngati khungu ndi labwino kapena loopsa. Malo opendekera amateteza maselo athanzi popewa chitetezo cha mthupi chanu kuti chisawagwere.

Maselo a khansa nthawi zina amatha kugwiritsa ntchito malowa kuti abise chitetezo cha mthupi. Checkpoint inhibitors amaletsa mapuloteni oyang'anira malo kuti ma T maselo azindikire maselo a khansa ndikuwawononga. Kwenikweni, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochotsa mabuleki pamavuto amthupi polimbana ndi khansa.

Checkpoint inhibitors a NSCLC

Mankhwala anayi a immunotherapy amachiza NSCLC:

• Nivolumab (Opdivo) ndi pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
  lembani puloteni yotchedwa PD-1 pamwamba pamaselo a T. PD-1 imaletsa maselo a T
  Kuchokera ku khansa. Kuletsa PD-1 kumalola chitetezo cha mthupi kusaka
  ndi kuwononga maselo a khansa.
• Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) ndi durvalumab
  (Imfinzi) amatseka puloteni ina yotchedwa PD-L1 pamwamba pama cell a chotupa ndipo
  maselo amthupi. Kuletsa puloteni iyi kumatulutsanso chitetezo chamthupi
  khansara.

Kodi mungapeze kuti immunotherapy?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito Opdivo, Keytruda, ndi Tecentriq ngati mankhwala achiwiri. Mutha kupeza imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ngati khansa yanu yayambanso kukula pambuyo pa chemotherapy kapena chithandizo china. Keytruda amaperekedwanso ngati mankhwala oyamba a NSCLC, komanso chemotherapy.

Imfinzi ndi ya anthu omwe ali ndi siteji 3 NSCLC omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opareshoni, koma omwe khansa yake sinawonjezeke pambuyo pa chemotherapy ndi radiation. Zimathandiza kuletsa khansa kukula kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi mumalandira bwanji mankhwala?

Mankhwala a Immunotherapy amaperekedwa ngati kulowetsedwa kudzera mumitsempha m'manja mwanu. Mupeza mankhwalawa kamodzi pamasabata awiri kapena atatu.

Kodi amagwira bwino ntchito?

Anthu ena akumana ndi zovuta kuchokera kumankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwalawa afooketsa zotupa zawo, ndipo aletsa khansara kukula kwa miyezi yambiri.

Koma sikuti aliyense amalabadira izi. Khansara ikhoza kuyima kwa kanthawi, ndiyeno nkubwerera. Ochita kafukufuku akuyesera kuti apeze mitundu iti ya khansa yomwe imalandira chithandizo chamankhwalawa, kuti athe kulunjika kwa anthu omwe adzapindule nayo.

Zotsatira zake ndi ziti?

Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a immunotherapy ndi awa:

• kutopa
• chifuwa
• nseru
• kuyabwa
• zidzolo
• njala
• kudzimbidwa
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kupweteka pamodzi

Zotsatira zoyipa zowopsa ndizochepa. Chifukwa mankhwalawa amachulukitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kuyambitsa ziwalo zina monga mapapo, impso, kapena chiwindi. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta.

Tengera kwina

NSCLC nthawi zambiri sichipezeka mpaka itachedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza ndi opareshoni, chemotherapy, ndi radiation. Immunotherapy yathandizira kuchiza khansa iyi.

Checkpoint inhibitor mankhwala amathandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa NSCLC komwe kwafalikira. Mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito kwa aliyense, koma amatha kuthandiza anthu ena omwe ali ndi NSCLC omwe akuchedwa kulowa mu chikhululukiro ndikukhala ndi moyo wautali.

Ofufuzawa akuphunzira mankhwala atsopano a immunotherapy m'mayesero azachipatala. Chiyembekezo ndikuti mankhwala atsopano kapena kuphatikiza kwatsopano kwa mankhwalawa ndi chemotherapy kapena radiation kungapangitse kupulumuka kwambiri.

Funsani dokotala wanu ngati mankhwala a immunotherapy ndi oyenera kwa inu. Dziwani momwe mankhwalawa angathandizire kuchiza khansa yanu, ndi zovuta zina zomwe zingayambitse.