Kumvetsetsa Kuchiritsa Kwa Ma Multiple Sclerosis

Zamkati

• Q & A: Kulipira mankhwala olowetsedwa
• Funso:
• Yankho:
• Kulowetsedwa mankhwala mankhwala
• Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)
• Natalizumab (Tysabri)
• Mitoxantrone hydrochloride
• Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
• Zotsatira zoyipa za kulowetsedwa
• Zotsatira zoyipa za kulowetsedwa mankhwala
• Alemtuzumab
• Natalizumab
• Mitoxantrone hydrochloride
• Ocrelizumab
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Kuchiza multiple sclerosis (MS)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) ndimatenda amthupi omwe amakhudza dongosolo lamanjenje (CNS).

Ndi MS, chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimalakwitsa misempha yanu ndikuwononga myelin, zokutira zoteteza. Ngati sangasamalidwe, MS amatha kuwononga ma myelin onse ozungulira mitsempha yanu. Ndiye atha kuyamba kuvulaza misempha yokha.

Palibe mankhwala a MS, koma pali mitundu ingapo yamankhwala. Nthawi zina, chithandizo chimatha kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa MS. Chithandizo chitha kuthandizanso kuchepetsa zizindikilo ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike ndi MS flare-ups. Zoyipa ndi nthawi yomwe mumakhala ndi zizindikilo.

Komabe, chiwembu chikangoyamba, mungafunike mtundu wina wa mankhwala wotchedwa matenda osintha matenda. Osintha matenda amatha kusintha momwe matenda amathandizira. Angathandizenso kuchepetsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa MS ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka.

Mankhwala ena osintha matenda amabwera ngati mankhwala olowerera. Mankhwalawa amathandizira makamaka omwe ali ndi MS ankhanza kapena apamwamba. Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri za mankhwalawa komanso momwe amathandizira kuthana ndi MS.

Q & A: Kulipira mankhwala olowetsedwa

Funso:

Kodi mankhwala opatsirana amalowetsedwa motani?

Wosadziwika wodwala

Yankho:

Mankhwalawa amabayidwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumawalandira kudzera mumitsempha yanu. Komabe, simumabaya mankhwalawa nokha. Mutha kulandira mankhwalawa kuchokera kwa omwe amakuthandizani kuchipatala.

Gulu la Zachipatala la HealthlineMayankho akuimira malingaliro a akatswiri athu azachipatala. Zonse zomwe zili ndizachidziwikire ndipo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati upangiri wa zamankhwala.

Kulowetsedwa mankhwala mankhwala

Masiku ano pali mankhwala anayi omwe angathenso kuchiza MS.

Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada)

Madokotala amapereka alemtuzumab (Lemtrada) kwa anthu omwe sanayankhe bwino mwina mankhwala ena awiri a MS.

Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pochepetsa pang'onopang'ono ma lymphocyte a T ndi B, omwe ndi mitundu yama cell oyera (WBCs). Izi zitha kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo amitsempha.

Mumalandira mankhwalawa kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku asanu. Ndiye chaka chimodzi mutalandira chithandizo choyamba, mumalandira mankhwalawa kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku atatu.

Natalizumab (Tysabri)

Natalizumab (Tysabri) imagwira ntchito poletsa maselo owononga chitetezo kuti asalowe muubongo ndi msana. Mumalandira mankhwalawa kamodzi pakatha milungu inayi.

Mitoxantrone hydrochloride

Mitoxantrone hydrochloride ndi mankhwala a MS kulowetsedwa komanso mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa.

Zitha kugwira ntchito bwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS (SPMS) yachiwiri kapena omwe akukulirakulira MS. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi immunosuppressant, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imagwira ntchito kuyimitsa chitetezo chamthupi mwanu pakuwukira kwa MS. Izi zimatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo zaukali wa MS.

Mumalandira mankhwalawa kamodzi pakatha miyezi itatu mulingo wambiri (140 mg / m)²) zomwe zitha kufikiridwa mkati mwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa zovuta zoyipa, zimangolimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MS yovuta.

Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)

Ocrelizumab ndiye njira yatsopano kwambiri yolowerera ya MS. Idavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mu 2017.

Ocrelizumab imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda obwereranso kapena oyambira a MS. M'malo mwake, ndi mankhwala oyamba ovomerezeka kuchiza MS yopita patsogolo kwambiri (PPMS).

Mankhwalawa amalingaliridwa kuti amagwira ntchito potengera ma lymphocyte a B omwe amayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi kukonza kwa myelin sheath.

Poyamba amapatsidwa ma infusions awiri-milligram 300, olekanitsidwa ndi milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pake, amaperekedwa mu infusions a milligram 600 miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.

Zotsatira zoyipa za kulowetsedwa

Njira yolowetsera yokha imatha kuyambitsa zovuta, zomwe zingaphatikizepo:

• kuvulaza kapena kutuluka magazi pamalo obayira
• kuthamanga, kapena kutentha ndi kutentha kwa khungu lanu
• kuzizira
• nseru

Muthanso kukhala ndi kulowetsedwa kwamankhwala. Izi ndizomwe zimachitika pakhungu lanu.

Kwa mankhwala onsewa, kulowetsedwa m'malo mwake kumatha kuchitika patadutsa maola awiri oyambilira, koma zimachitika mpaka maola 24 pambuyo pake. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:

• ming'oma
• zigamba pa khungu lako
• kutentha kapena kutentha thupi
• zidzolo

Zotsatira zoyipa za kulowetsedwa mankhwala

Mankhwala aliwonse omwe amaphatikizidwa amakhala ndi zovuta zake.

Alemtuzumab

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za mankhwalawa zitha kuphatikiza:

• zidzolo
• mutu
• malungo
• chimfine
• nseru
• Matenda a mkodzo (UTI)
• kutopa

Mankhwalawa amathanso kuyambitsa mavuto owopsa, komanso owopsa. Zitha kuphatikiza:

• zochita zokha, monga matenda a Guillain-Barré komanso kulephera kwa ziwalo
• khansa
• matenda a magazi

Natalizumab

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za mankhwalawa zitha kuphatikiza:

• matenda
• thupi lawo siligwirizana
• mutu
• kutopa
• kukhumudwa

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• matenda osowa komanso oopsa aubongo otchedwa progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
• mavuto a chiwindi, okhala ndi zizindikiro monga:
  • chikasu cha khungu lako kapena kuyera kwa maso ako
  • mkodzo wakuda kapena wabulauni (wa tiyi)
  • kupweteka kumtunda chakumanja kwa mimba yanu
  • kutuluka magazi kapena mabala omwe amapezeka mosavuta kuposa mwachibadwa
  • kutopa

Mitoxantrone hydrochloride

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za mankhwalawa zitha kuphatikiza:

• magulu otsika a WBC, omwe angapangitse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda
• kukhumudwa
• kupweteka kwa mafupa
• nseru kapena kusanza
• kutayika tsitsi
• UTI
• amenorrhea, kapena kusamba kwa msambo

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• congestive mtima kulephera (CHF)
• impso kulephera

Kulandila mankhwala ochulukirapo kumayika pachiwopsezo cha zotsatirapo zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa m'thupi lanu, chifukwa chake mitoxantrone iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto akulu a MS. Izi zikuphatikiza CHF, kulephera kwa impso, kapena mavuto amwazi. Dokotala wanu amakuyang'anirani kwambiri kuti muwone zisonyezo zoyipa mukamamwa mankhwalawa.

Ocrelizumab

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za mankhwalawa zitha kuphatikiza:

• matenda
• kulowetsedwa zochita

Zotsatira zoyipa zimatha kuphatikiza:

• PML
• kuyambitsanso matenda a chiwindi a B kapena ma shingles, ngati ali kale m'dongosolo lanu
• chitetezo chofooka
• khansa, kuphatikizapo khansa ya m'mawere

CHithandizo CHOSANGALALA CHINA

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu amatha kupereka chithandizo china chothandizira kulowetsedwa. Mankhwalawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kubwereranso komwe sikukuyankha ma corticosteroids. Amaphatikizapo plasmapheresis, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchotsa magazi m'thupi lanu, kusefa kuti muchotse ma antibodies omwe atha kukhala akuukira dongosolo lanu lamanjenje, ndikubwezeretsanso magazi "oyeretsedwa" mthupi lanu kudzera mu kuthiridwa magazi. Mulinso intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), jakisoni yemwe amathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Mankhwala othandizira kulowetsedwa atha kukhala njira yabwino yothandizira kuthandizira zizindikiritso za MS komanso ma flare-ups. Komabe, mankhwalawa siabwino kwa aliyense. Amakhala ndi zoopsa zosowa koma zovuta zazikulu. Komabe, anthu ambiri awapeza othandiza.

Ngati muli ndi MS yopita patsogolo kapena mukufuna njira yabwino yothetsera matenda anu, funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwala olowetsedwa. Amatha kukuthandizani kusankha ngati mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala chisankho chabwino kwa inu.