Kodi Burkitt's lymphoma, zizindikiro ndi momwe mankhwala amathandizira

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zimayambitsa
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Mitundu yayikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kodi Burkitt's lymphoma imachiritsidwa?

Burkitt's lymphoma ndi mtundu wa khansa yamitsempha yamagazi, yomwe imakhudza ma lymphocyte, omwe ndi maselo oteteza thupi. Khansara iyi imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kachilombo ka Epstein Barr virus (EBV), kachilombo ka HIV (kachilombo ka HIV), koma itha kutulukanso pakusintha kwamtundu wina.

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu wa lymphoma umakula kwambiri mwa ana achimuna kuposa achikulire ndipo nthawi zambiri umakhudza ziwalo zam'mimba. Komabe, chifukwa ndi khansa yowopsa, momwe ma cell a khansa amakula mwachangu, imatha kufikira ziwalo zina, monga chiwindi, ndulu, mafupa ngakhale mafupa akumaso.

Chizindikiro choyamba cha Burkitt's lymphoma ndikuwoneka kwa kutupa m'khosi, kukhwapa, kubuula kapena kutupa m'mimba kapena pankhope, kutengera komwe kumakhudzidwa ndi lymphoma. Pambuyo pofufuza zizindikirazo, a hematologist atsimikizira kuti apezeka ndi mayeso a biopsy ndi kujambula. Chifukwa chake, pokhala ndi chitsimikiziro cha Burkitt's lymphoma, chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chimawonetsedwa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chemotherapy. Onani zambiri momwe chemotherapy imachitikira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za Burkitt's lymphoma zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi malo a chotupacho, koma zizindikilo zofala kwambiri za khansa yamtunduwu ndi izi:

• Lilime m'khosi, m'khwapa ndi / kapena kubuula;
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri usiku;
• Malungo;
• Kuzonda popanda chifukwa chomveka;
• Kutopa.

Ndizofala kwambiri kwa Burkitt's lymphoma kukhudza dera la nsagwada ndi mafupa ena akumaso, chifukwa zimatha kupangitsa kutupa mbali imodzi ya nkhope. Komabe, chotupacho chimathanso kukula m'mimba, ndikupangitsa kuphulika komanso kupweteka m'mimba, kutuluka magazi komanso kutsekula m'matumbo. Lymphoma ikafalikira kuubongo, imatha kubweretsa kufooka mthupi komanso kuyenda movutikira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutupa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi Burkitt's lymphoma sikumangopweteka nthawi zonse ndipo kumayamba kapena kukulira m'masiku ochepa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa

Ngakhale zomwe zimayambitsa Burkitt's lymphoma sizidziwika kwenikweni, nthawi zina khansayi imalumikizidwa ndi matenda a kachilombo ka EBV ndi HIV. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhala ndi matenda obadwa nawo, ndiye kuti, kubadwa ndi vuto lachibadwa lomwe limasokoneza chitetezo chamthupi, limatha kulumikizidwa ndikukula kwa mtundu uwu wa lymphoma.

Burkitt's lymphoma ndi khansa yodziwika bwino kwambiri yaubwana m'madera omwe mumapezeka malungo, monga Africa, komanso imapezeka kumadera ena padziko lapansi komwe kuli ana ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Burkitt's lymphoma ikufalikira mwachangu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti matendawa apangidwe mwachangu. Dokotala kapena dokotala wa ana atha kukayikira khansayo ndikuyitumiza kwa oncologist kapena hematologist, ndipo atadziwa kuti zizindikirazo zidawoneka kale liti, ziziwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a chiwalo chotupa. Pezani momwe biopsy yachitikira.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena amachitika kuti azindikire Burkitt's lymphoma, monga computed tomography, imaging resonance imaging, pet-scan, mafupa osonkhanitsa ndi CSF. Kuyezetsa kumeneku ndi kwa dotolo kuti azindikire kuopsa kwa matendawo ndikutanthauzira mtundu wa mankhwala.

Mitundu yayikulu

World Health Organisation imagawa Burkitt's lymphoma m'mitundu itatu, ndi iyi:

• Odwala kapena Afirika: imakhudza makamaka ana azaka zapakati pa 4 mpaka 7 ndipo ndiwowirikiza kawiri mwa anyamata;
• Zosasintha kapena zosakhala zaku Africa: ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kuchitika kwa ana ndi akulu padziko lonse lapansi, kuwerengera pafupifupi theka la matenda am'mimba mwa ana;
• Yokhudzana ndi kusowa kwa chitetezo m'thupi: amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV ndipo ali ndi Edzi.

Burkitt's lymphoma amathanso kupezeka mwa anthu omwe amabadwa ndi matenda amtundu omwe amayambitsa mavuto ochepa otetezedwa ndipo nthawi zina amatha kukhudza anthu omwe adalowapo ndikuchita mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha Burkitt's lymphoma chiyenera kuyambika akangodziwa, chifukwa ndi chotupa chomwe chimakula mwachangu kwambiri. Katswiri wa zamankhwala amalimbikitsa chithandizo malinga ndi komwe kuli chotupacho komanso gawo la matendawa, koma nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha mtundu uwu wa lymphoma chimachokera ku chemotherapy.

Mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi mu chemotherapy ndi cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone, methotrexate ndi cytarabine. Immunotherapy imagwiritsidwanso ntchito, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi rituximab, omwe amamanga mapuloteni m'maselo a khansa omwe amathandizira kuthana ndi khansa.

Intrathecal chemotherapy, yomwe ndi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito msana, amawonetsedwa pochizira Burkitt's lymphoma muubongo ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kuti isafalikire mbali zina za thupi.

Komabe, mitundu ina yamankhwala imatha kuwonetsedwa ndi adotolo, monga ma radiotherapy, opareshoni komanso kupatsirana kwa mafupa kapena autotransplantation.

Kodi Burkitt's lymphoma imachiritsidwa?

Ngakhale ndi khansa yamtundu wankhanza, Burkitt's lymphoma nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa, koma izi zimadalira nthawi yomwe matendawa adapezeka, dera lomwe lakhudzidwa komanso ngati mankhwala adayambitsidwa mwachangu. Matendawa akapezeka msanga komanso pamene mankhwala ayamba pambuyo pake, pamakhala mwayi waukulu wochiritsidwa.

Matumbo a Burkitt am'magawo 1 ndi II ali ndi zoposa 90% zamachiritso, pomwe ma lymphomas omwe ali ndi gawo lachitatu ndi IV ali ndi mwayi wokwanira kuchiritsa 80%.

Pamapeto pa chithandizochi, pakufunika kuti muzitsatira katswiri wa magazi kwa zaka pafupifupi ziwiri ndikuchita mayeso miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Onani kanema wokhala ndi malangizo amomwe mungachitire ndi matenda a khansa: