Khansa Yam'mapapo

Zamkati

• Chidule
• Kodi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi chiyani?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa yamapapu?
• Kodi zizindikiro za khansa yamapapu ndi ziti?
• Kodi khansa ya m'mapapo imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi mankhwala a khansa yamapapu ndi ati?
• Kodi khansa yamapapu ingapewe?

Chidule

Kodi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi chiyani?

Khansara yamapapo ndi khansa yomwe imapangidwa m'matumba am'mapapo, nthawi zambiri m'maselo omwe amayenda njira zam'mlengalenga. Ndichomwe chimayambitsa matenda a khansa mwa amuna ndi akazi.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: khansa yaying'ono yamapapo yam'mapapo komanso khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono. Mitundu iwiriyi imakula mosiyanasiyana ndipo imasamaliridwa mosiyanasiyana. Khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono ndiyo mtundu wofala kwambiri.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa yamapapu?

Khansa yamapapo imatha kukhudza aliyense, koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakupatsani chiopsezo chotenga matendawa:

• Kusuta. Ichi ndiye chiopsezo chofunikira kwambiri cha khansa yamapapo. Kusuta fodya kumayambitsa pafupifupi 9 pa 10 ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amuna komanso za 8 pa 10 za khansa yamapapo mwa akazi. Kumayambiriro kwa moyo wanu mumayamba kusuta, mukasuta fodya nthawi yayitali, komanso ndudu zomwe mumasuta tsiku lililonse, zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamapapo. Vutoli limakulanso ngati mumasuta kwambiri ndikumwa mowa tsiku lililonse kapena kumwa mankhwala a beta carotene. Ngati mwasiya kusuta, chiopsezo chanu chidzakhala chochepa poyerekeza ngati mukadapitiliza kusuta. Koma mudzakhalabe ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa anthu omwe sanasute fodya.
• Utsi wosuta, womwe ndi kuphatikiza utsi womwe umachokera mu ndudu ndi utsi womwe mpweya wa munthu wosuta umatuluka. Mukachipumira, mumakumana ndi omwe amachititsa khansa omwe amasuta, ngakhale atakhala ochepa.
• Mbiri ya banja la khansa yamapapo
• Kuwonetsedwa ku asbestos, arsenic, chromium, beryllium, nickel, soot, kapena tar kuntchito
• Kuwonetsedwa ndi radiation, monga kuchokera
  • Mankhwala othandizira mawere pachifuwa kapena pachifuwa
  • Radoni kunyumba kapena kuntchito
  • Mayeso ena ojambula monga ma CT scan
• Matenda a HIV
• Kuwononga mpweya

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa yamapapu ndi ziti?

Nthawi zina khansa yam'mapapo siyimayambitsa zizindikilo. Ikhoza kupezeka panthawi ya x-ray pachifuwa yachitidwa china.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikilo, atha kuphatikizira

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino
• Chifuwa chomwe sichitha kapena kuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi
• Kuvuta kupuma
• Kutentha
• Magazi mu sputum (ntchofu zinakhosomola kuchokera m'mapapu)
• Kuopsa
• Kutaya njala
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chodziwika
• Kutopa
• Vuto kumeza
• Kutupa kumaso ndi / kapena mitsempha m'khosi

Kodi khansa ya m'mapapo imapezeka bwanji?

Kuti mudziwe, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu

• Tifunsa za mbiri yanu yamankhwala komanso mbiri yakubanja
• Tidzayesa
• Tidzachita mayeso oyerekeza, monga chifuwa cha x-ray kapena chifuwa cha CT scan
• Mutha kuyesa mayeso a labu, kuphatikiza kuyesa magazi anu ndi sputum
• Mutha kupanga biopsy ya m'mapapo

Ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, wothandizira anu adzayesa mayesero ena kuti adziwe momwe zafalikira m'mapapu, ma lymph nodes, ndi thupi lonse. Izi zimatchedwa staging. Kudziwa mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yam'mapapo yomwe muli nayo kumakuthandizani omwe akukuthandizani kusankha mtundu wamankhwala omwe mungafune.

Kodi mankhwala a khansa yamapapu ndi ati?

Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa yamapapo, chithandizo chamakono sichichiza khansa.

Chithandizo chanu chimadalira mtundu wa khansa yamapapu yomwe muli nayo, momwe yafalikira, thanzi lanu, ndi zina. Mutha kulandira chithandizo chamtundu umodzi.

Mankhwala a khansa yaying'ono yamapapo yam'mapapo onjezerani

• Opaleshoni
• Chemotherapy
• Thandizo la radiation
• Chitetezo chamatenda
• Laser therapy, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mtanda wa laser kupha ma cell a khansa
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Endoscopic stent. Endoscope ndi chida chopyapyala, chonga chubu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana minofu mkati mwa thupi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika chida chotchedwa stent. Stent imathandizira kutsegula njira yapaulendo yomwe yatsekedwa ndi minofu yachilendo.

Mankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono onjezerani

• Opaleshoni
• Thandizo la radiation
• Chemotherapy
• Chithandizo choyenera, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimawononga maselo ena a khansa osavulaza maselo abwinobwino
• Chitetezo chamatenda
• Mankhwala a Laser
• Photodynamic therapy (PDT), yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mtundu wina wa kuwala kwa laser kupha ma cell a khansa
• Cryosurgery, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chida chozizira ndi kuwononga minofu yachilendo
• Electrocautery, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku kapena singano yotenthedwa ndi magetsi kuti awononge minofu yachilendo

Kodi khansa yamapapu ingapewe?

Kupewa zoopsa kungathandize kupewa khansa yamapapu:

• Kusiya kusuta. Ngati simusuta, musayambe.
• Chepetsani kukhudzana kwanu ndi zinthu zoopsa kuntchito
• Chepetsani kukhudzana kwanu ndi radon. Mayeso a Radon atha kuwonetsa ngati kwanu kuli ndi radon yambiri. Mutha kugula zida zoyeserera nokha kapena kufunsira katswiri kuti ayese.

NIH: National Cancer Institute

• Kuthamangira Kulimbana ndi Khansa Yam'mapapo: Zida Zoganizira Zimathandiza Wodwala Omwe Alimbana ndi Khansa