Kutulutsa Narcissism Yoyipa

Zamkati

• Kodi mikhalidwe yoyipa ya narcissism yoyipa ndi iti?
• NPD
• APD
• Chiwawa
• Zachisoni
• Kodi ndizofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu?
• Kodi ndi mankhwala?
• Kupeza thandizo
• Njira zothandizira
• Kuzindikira nkhanza

Narcissism yoyipa imanena za kuwonekera kwapadera, kofala kwambiri kwamankhwala osokoneza bongo. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti chiwonetsero cha narcissism ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri.

Sichizindikiridwa ngati chidziwitso chovomerezeka mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Koma akatswiri ambiri amisala ndi akatswiri azaumoyo agwiritsa ntchito mawuwa pofotokoza mikhalidwe ina.

Malinga ndi Dictionary ya Campbell's Psychiatric, narcissism yoyipa imaphatikiza mawonekedwe a:

• matenda osokoneza bongo (NPD)
• Matenda osagwirizana ndi anthu (APD)
• ndewu komanso nkhanza, mwina kwa ena, kudzikonda, kapena onse awiri
• paranoia

Werengani kuti mumve zambiri za narcissism yoyipa, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe wamba, momwe amafananira ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso ngati imatha kuchiritsidwa.

Kodi mikhalidwe yoyipa ya narcissism yoyipa ndi iti?

Narcissism yoyipa imatha kuwonetsa m'njira zambiri - palibe mndandanda wazikhalidwe. Zimakhalanso zovuta kwambiri, makamaka kwa munthu yemwe si katswiri wa zamaganizidwe, kusiyanitsa pakati pa narcissism yoyipa ndi NPD yovuta.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito mawuwa (kapena ena ofanana nawo, monga wolemba nkhani) kunena za munthu wina, makamaka ngati simuli katswiri wazamisala yemwe akudziwa mbiri ya munthuyo.

Ndiponso, palibe mgwirizano wa akatswiri pazoyenera za narcissism yoyipa. Koma akatswiri ambiri azaumoyo amathandizira kukhalapo kwake ngati gawo limodzi lamankhwala osokoneza bongo. Palinso mgwirizano wina wokhudzana ndi kuwonetsa zizindikiro.

Koma narcissism yamtunduwu imatha kuwoneka ndi kuphatikiza kwa zizindikilo zochokera m'magulu otsatirawa.

NPD

Monga zovuta zina za umunthu, NPD imachitika mosiyanasiyana ndipo imakhudza zizindikilo zingapo. DSM-5 yatchulapo mikhalidwe isanu ndi inayi yomwe imathandizira kuzindikira NPD, koma zisanu zokha ndizofunikira kuti mupeze matenda.

Zizindikiro zodziwika za NPD ndi izi:

• malingaliro ndi machitidwe opitilira muyeso, monga kutanganidwa ndi malingaliro opambana, mphamvu, ndikukopa kapena kukopa kugonana
• kumvera chisoni pang'ono kapena kusakhudzidwa ndi zomwe anthu ena akumva kapena zomwe akumva
• kufunika kofunikira chidwi, kusilira, ndi kuzindikira
• kudzikweza, monga chizolowezi chokokomeza luso laumwini kapena kuchita bwino
• chikhulupiriro chamunthu wapadera komanso wopambana
• malingaliro oyenera
• chizolowezi chodyera anzawo masuku pamutu kapena kuchitira ena masuku pamutu kuti apeze phindu
• kunyada kapena kudzikuza
• chizolowezi chosirira ena ndikukhulupirira kuti ena amawasirira

Anthu omwe ali ndi NPD nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto pakusintha. Amatha kumva kupsinjika kapena kuchititsidwa manyazi akadzimva kuti akunyalanyazidwa, amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta ndi kusatetezeka komanso osatetezeka, ndipo amakwiya mokwiya pamene ena akuwoneka kuti sawayamikira ndi kuwayenerera.

Vutoli limaphatikizaponso zovuta kuwongolera momwe akumvera komanso mayendedwe amachitidwe kupsinjika.

APD

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosasamala malingaliro amunthu ena. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kupusitsa ena, chinyengo komanso kuzunza thupi kapena malingaliro. Chinthu china chofunikira ndicho kusadandaula chifukwa cha zolakwa.

Chiwawa kapena nkhanza zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha izi, koma anthu ena omwe amakhala ndi APD samachita zachiwawa.

Anthu omwe amakhala ndi APD amawonetsa zisonyezo zamakhalidwe ali ana. Izi zingaphatikizepo nkhanza kwa anthu ena ndi nyama, kuwononga katundu, kapena kuba. Nthawi zambiri saganizira kapena kusamala za zotsatirapo za machitidwe awo.

Akuluakulu okha ndi omwe amapezeka ndi APD. Matendawa amafunika kukhala ndi zizindikiro zitatu izi:

• Kunyoza ulamuliro ndi zikhalidwe zina, zomwe zimawonetsedwa pakupitilira kosaloledwa kapena kuphwanya malamulo
• chinyengo, kuphatikiza kuzunza anzawo ndi kuwachitira nkhanza
• mchitidwe wosasamala, wopupuluma, kapena woopsa womwe ukuwonetsa kunyalanyaza chitetezo chamunthu kapena chitetezo cha anthu ena
• kudzimvera chisoni pang'ono kapena kusachita zoipa
• wokonda kukwiya, wokwiya msanga, wamakani, wosakhazikika, kapena wokwiya
• machitidwe osasamala, amwano, kapena opanda ulemu
• zovuta kukonzekera zamtsogolo

Chiwawa

Chiwawa chimafotokoza mtundu wamakhalidwe, osati matenda amisala. Anthu sangapezeke ndiukali, koma katswiri wazamisala kapena katswiri wina atha kuwona zachiwawa monga gawo lazidziwitso.

Khalidwe laukali limatha kuchitika poyankha mkwiyo kapena kutengeka kwina ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi cholinga chovulaza kapena kuwononga. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu yankhanza:

• Adanikupsa mtima. Izi ndi machitidwe omwe cholinga chake ndi kuvulaza kapena kuwononga wina kapena china.
• Kukwiya kwazida. Ichi ndichinthu chankhanza chomwe chimakhudzana ndi cholinga china, monga kuphwanya zenera lagalimoto kuti ube chikwama.
• Chiwawa. Izi zikutanthauza machitidwe omwe nthawi zambiri amapita kwa munthu kapena chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa chidwi. Zingathenso kutumizidwa ngati sizingatheke kulunjika komwe kukuchokera. Kuboola khoma m'malo mongomenya munthu wina ndi chitsanzo chaukali, makamaka ngati zomwe zikuchitikazo zikuphatikizapo kufuna kuwononga zinthu.

Zachisoni

Zachisoni ndikusangalala kuchititsa ena manyazi kapena kuwawapweteka.

DSM-5 imalemba mndandanda wazovuta zakugonana ngati vuto lomwe limakhudza kukakamira kugonana komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi lingaliro loti munthu wosavomereza amve zowawa zosafunikira. Koma zachisoni zokha sizomwe zimayambitsa matenda amisala, komanso sizogonana nthawi zonse.

Anthu omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zankhanza atha:

• amasangalala kukhumudwitsa ena
• sangalalani kuwona ena akumva kuwawa
• amapeza chisangalalo chogonana powona ena akumva kuwawa
• amathera nthawi yochuluka akuganiza za kukhumudwitsa anthu ena, ngakhale atakhala kuti satero
• kufuna kukhumudwitsa ena mukakwiya kapena kukwiya
• amasangalala kuchititsa manyazi ena, makamaka pagulu
• amakonda kuchita zinthu zankhanza kapena zochita zina
• khalani olamulira kapena opondereza

Akatswiri ena amati kuchita nkhanza kumathandizira kusiyanitsa NPD ndi narcissism yoyipa. Narcissism nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi zofuna zako zokha, koma anthu omwe ali ndi NPD atha kukhala okhumudwa kapena achisoni chifukwa chakupweteketsa ena panthawiyi.

Kodi ndizofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu?

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti sociopath pokambirana wamba. Mutha kuzimva zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza za anthu omwe samawoneka kuti amasamala za anthu ena kapena omwe amapezerapo mwayi kwa anzawo kapena kuwanyengerera.

Sociopathy nthawi zambiri imangotanthauza mawonekedwe ndi machitidwe omwe amawonekera kwambiri ndi APD. Koma mofananamo ndi narcissism yoyipa, chikhalidwe cha anthu chimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawu wamba, osati matenda enaake.

Narcissism yoyipa siyofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, popeza mikhalidwe ya APD ndi gawo limodzi lokha la narcissism subtype.

Kodi ndi mankhwala?

Mwambiri, chithandizo chitha kuthandiza aliyense amene akufuna chithandizo ndi cholinga chofuna kusintha momwe akumvera, machitidwe, kapena momwe akumvera.

Ndizotheka kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodana nawo, kapena mtundu wina uliwonse wamankhwala, atha kupita kuchipatala ndikugwira ntchito kuti asinthe machitidwe omwe angawononge moyo wawo kapena abale awo, anzawo, komanso anzawo.

Kupeza thandizo

Anthu omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe yamtundu uliwonse wamankhwala osokoneza bongo sangapemphe thandizo paokha. Nthawi zambiri samazindikira kuti pali cholakwika chilichonse pazochita zawo komanso machitidwe awo.

Koma atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti athandizidwe, kuphatikiza:

• kukhumudwa
• kupsa mtima
• nkhani zothana ndi mkwiyo

Nthawi zina, atha kulimbikitsidwa kuti alowe kuchipatala chifukwa chalamulo la khothi, kuwumiriza kuchokera kwa wokondedwa kapena wachibale, kapena chifukwa china.

Komabe, kuti chithandizo chithandizire, pamapeto pake ayenera kudzichitira okha chithandizo.

Njira zothandizira

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wina wapafupi nanu atha kukhala ndi vuto lamunthu, monga NPD kapena APD, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndizotheka kusintha. Chithandizo angathe athandize, bola ngati ali ofunitsitsa kugwira ntchito kuti agwire nawo.

Therapy nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta, koma nthawi zambiri imalipira ndi maubwino akulu, kuphatikiza:

• ubale wamphamvu pakati pawo
• kusintha kwamalingaliro
• kuthekera kwabwino kogwiritsa ntchito zolinga

Mitundu ina yamankhwala ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri pochiza matendawa.

Kuwunikanso kwa 2010 komwe kumayang'ana za narcissism yoyipa akuti chithandizo chitha kukhala chovuta, makamaka ngati zizolowezi zankhanza kapena zankhanza zitha kuchitika muubwenzi.

Koma kutenga udindo wathanzi kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Mitundu yothandizirayi ikuphatikizira kuphatikiza kusintha kwamankhwala osinthasintha (DBT) ndi maanja ndi upangiri wabanja, ngati kuli kotheka.

Mankhwala monga antipsychotic komanso ma serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) amatha kusintha zizindikilo zina, kuphatikiza mkwiyo, kukwiya, komanso psychosis.

Nkhani yaposachedwa kwambiri yolembedwa kuti chithandizo cha schema chitha kuthandizanso NPD ndi zina zokhudzana nazo. Kafukufuku wina amathandizira izi.

Njira zina zomwe zingathandizire zotsatira zamankhwala zimaphatikizapo chithandizo chazosunthika ndi chithandizo chazidziwitso.

Komabe, zambiri zamankhwala pamutuwu zikusowa. Kafukufuku wochuluka amafunika pa chithandizo cha narcissism.

Kuzindikira nkhanza

Narcissism ndi zina zokhudzana nazo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo zovuta zokhudzana ndikumvetsetsa malingaliro a anthu ena. Mutha kuwona zisonyezo, monga kuchita zinthu modzikonda, mawu ndi zochita zowanyengerera, kapena machitidwe osakhala oyenera kapena maubwenzi olephera.

Kusunga ubale wapabanja kapena pakati pawo kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto lodana ndi zankhanza. Si zachilendo kuti maubwenzi amaphatikizapo kuwongolera machitidwe, kuwunikira mafuta, komanso kuzunza anzawo.

Ngati muli pafupi ndi munthu amene ali ndi vuto la narcissism yoyipa, ndikofunikira kuti mudzisamalire nokha ndikuyang'ana zizindikilo zakuzunza.

Pali mitundu yambiri yazinthu zankhanza, ndipo zina zingawoneke ngati zopanda nkhanza monga ena. Zizindikiro zodziwika zimaphatikizapo:

• kuloza "zolakwika" ndikuwoneka kuti akusangalala kukupangitsani kukhumudwa kapena kukhumudwa, kapena kunena kuti akuchita izi kuti mupindule
• kukunamizani kapena kukuyesani kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zawo, ndikuwongolera zochita zawo komanso osawonetsa kulakwa kapena kudandaula mukawaitanitsa
• kukuyikani pansi, kukuchititsani manyazi, kapena kukuwopsezani pagulu kapena mseri
• akuwoneka kuti akusangalala ndikupweteketsa thupi
• osawonetsa chidwi pazosowa zanu kapena momwe mumamvera
• kuchita zinthu zowopsa kapena zoopsa, osasamala ngati inu kapena anthu ena mukuvulala pochita izi (mwachitsanzo, kuyendetsa moopsa ndikuseka mukamawopa)
• kunena kapena kuchita zinthu zopanda pake kapena zankhanza ndikuwoneka kuti mukusangalala ndi mavuto anu
• kuchitira nkhanza inu ndi anthu ena kapena zinthu

Thanzi lamunthu wina silingakhale chifukwa chomenyera. Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti nkhanza sizomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda amisala.

Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti ubale wanu wayamba kukhala wopanda thanzi, kuyankhula ndi wothandizira kungakuthandizeni kusankha zoyenera kuchita. Muthanso kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera ku Nambala Yowona Zachiwawa Pabanja patsamba lawo kapena kuyimbira 800-799-7233.