Kulumikizana Kwa Multiple Myeloma ndi Impso Kulephera

Zamkati

• Kodi multipleeloma ndi chiyani?
• Zotsatira za myeloma zingapo mthupi
• Impso kulephera
• Kutaya mafupa
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• Chitetezo chofooka
• Matenda a Hypercalcemia
• Kulimbana ndi kulephera kwa impso
• Kuwona kwakanthawi

Kodi multipleeloma ndi chiyani?

Multiple myeloma ndi khansa yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera m'maselo am'magazi. Maselo a Plasma ndi maselo oyera a magazi omwe amapezeka m'mafupa. Maselowa ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo cha mthupi. Amapanga ma antibodies omwe amalimbana ndi matenda.

Maselo am'magazi a khansa amakula mwachangu ndikulanda m'mafupa poletsa ma cell athanzi kuti asagwire ntchito zawo. Maselowa amapanga mapuloteni ochulukirapo omwe amayenda mthupi lonse. Amatha kupezeka m'magazi.

Maselo a khansa amathanso kukula kukhala zotupa zotchedwa plasmacytomas. Matendawa amatchedwa myeloma angapo pakakhala maselo ambiri m'mafupa (> 10% yamaselo), ndipo ziwalo zina zimakhudzidwa.

Zotsatira za myeloma zingapo mthupi

Kukula kwa maselo a myeloma kumalepheretsa kupanga maselo abwinobwino am'magazi. Izi zitha kuyambitsa zovuta zingapo zathanzi. Ziwalo zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafupa, magazi, ndi impso.

Impso kulephera

Impso kulephera mu myeloma yambiri ndi njira yovuta yomwe imakhudza njira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Momwe izi zimachitikira ndimapuloteni achilendo omwe amapita ku impso ndikuyika pamenepo, ndikupangitsa kutsekeka kwa ma tubules a impso ndikusintha zosefera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwama calcium kumatha kupangitsa kuti makhiristo apange impso, zomwe zimawononga. Kutaya madzi m'thupi, komanso mankhwala monga NSAIDS (Ibuprofen, naproxen) amathanso kuyambitsa impso.

Kuphatikiza pa kulephera kwa impso, pansipa pali zovuta zina zomwe zimafala kuchokera ku myeloma yambiri:

Kutaya mafupa

Pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi myeloma angapo amataya mafupa, malinga ndi Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF). Mafupa omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi msana, mafupa a chiuno, ndi nthiti.

Maselo a khansa m'mafupa amateteza maselo abwinobwino kukonza zotupa kapena malo ofewa omwe amapanga m'mafupa. Kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mafupa kumatha kubweretsa kuphwanya komanso kupsinjika kwa msana.

Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi

Kupanga kwa maselo owopsa a plasma kumalepheretsa kupanga maselo abwinobwino ofiira ndi oyera. Kuchepa kwa magazi kumachitika magazi owerengeka ofiira akatsika. Zitha kuyambitsa kutopa, kupuma movutikira, komanso chizungulire. Pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi myeloma amakhala ndi kuchepa kwa magazi, malinga ndi MMRF.

Chitetezo chofooka

Maselo oyera amatenga matenda m'thupi. Amazindikira ndikuukira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timayambitsa matenda. Maselo ambiri am'magazi am'magazi am'mafupa amabweretsa ma cell oyera oyera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale losatetezeka.

Ma antibodies achilendo opangidwa ndi maselo a khansa samathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Ndipo amathanso kupeza ma antibodies athanzi, zomwe zimafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Matenda a Hypercalcemia

Kutaya mafupa kuchokera ku myeloma kumapangitsa kuti calcium yochulukirapo imasulidwe m'magazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi zotupa m'mafupa ali pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi hypercalcemia.

Hypercalcemia amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi tiziwalo tambiri ta parathyroid. Milandu yosalandiridwa imatha kubweretsa zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana monga kukomoka kapena kumangidwa kwamtima.

Kulimbana ndi kulephera kwa impso

Pali njira zingapo zomwe impso zimasungidwira wathanzi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi myeloma, makamaka pamene matendawa agwidwa msanga. Mankhwala omwe amatchedwa bisphosphonates, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza kufooka kwa mafupa, amatha kumwa kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ndi hypercalcemia. Anthu amatha kulandira mankhwala amadzimadzi kuti amwerenso thupi, kaya pakamwa kapena kudzera m'mitsempha.

Mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe amatchedwa glucocorticoids amatha kuchepetsa zochitika zama cell. Ndipo dialysis imatha kupangitsa vuto la impso. Pomaliza, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa mu chemotherapy kumatha kusinthidwa kuti asawononge impso.

Kuwona kwakanthawi

Kulephera kwa impso ndizofala kwa ma myeloma angapo. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatha kukhala kocheperako pomwe vutoli limadziwika ndikuchiritsidwa kumayambiriro. Chithandizo chamankhwala chilipo chothandizira kusintha kuwonongeka kwa impso komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi khansa.