Kupumula kwa Minyewa: Mndandanda wa Mankhwala Amankhwala

Zamkati

• Mankhwala akuchipatala
• Antispasmodics: Okhazikika m'magulu opumira mafupa (SMRs)
• Zosakaniza
• Machenjezo a mankhwala opumira opumira
• Mankhwala osachotsedwa pamankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Benzodiazepines
• Clonidine
• Gabapentin
• Zosankha zowonjezeretsa zotsalira za minofu
• Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs)
• Acetaminophen
• Nthawi yoti muyitane dokotala wanu
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu
• Mafunso ndi mayankho
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Timaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe timaganiza kuti ndizothandiza kwa owerenga athu. Ngati mutagula maulalo omwe ali patsamba lino, titha kupeza ndalama zochepa. Nayi njira yathu.

Chiyambi

Opumitsa minofu, kapena opumira minofu, ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kupindika kwa minofu kapena kupindika kwa minofu.

Matenda a minofu kapena kukokana ndizadzidzidzi mwadzidzidzi, mosagwirizana ndi minofu kapena gulu la minofu. Amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kupsyinjika kwambiri kwa minofu ndikupangitsa kupweteka. Amalumikizidwa ndi zikhalidwe monga kupweteka kwa msana, kupweteka kwa khosi, ndi fibromyalgia.

Kutanuka kwa minofu, komano, ndikutuluka kwaminyewa kosalekeza komwe kumayambitsa kuuma, kuuma, kapena kulimba komwe kumatha kusokoneza kuyenda koyenda, kuyankhula, kapena kuyenda. Kutha msana kumayambitsidwa ndi kuvulala kwa ziwalo zaubongo kapena msana zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kuyenda. Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa minofu zimaphatikizapo multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebral palsy, ndi amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuthandizira kuthetsa kupweteka komanso kusapeza bwino kwa mitsempha ya minofu kapena kupindika. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ena ogulitsira angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi zowawa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kupweteka kwa minofu.

Mankhwala akuchipatala

Mankhwala akuchipatala agawika m'magulu awiri: antispasmodics ndi antispastics. Ma Antispasmodics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kutupikana kwa minofu, ndipo ma antispastics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa minofu. Ma antispasmodics ena, monga tizanidine, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa minofu. Komabe, ma antispastics sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitsempha ya minofu.

Antispasmodics: Okhazikika m'magulu opumira mafupa (SMRs)

Ma SMR omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakatikati amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza kupumula ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chothandizira kuthetsa kupindika kwa minofu. Amaganiziridwa kuti amagwira ntchito poyambitsa kusokoneza bongo kapena poletsa mitsempha yanu kutumiza zisonyezo zopweteka kuubongo wanu.

Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zopumulitsira minofu izi mpaka milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Chitetezo chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali sichikudziwika.

Ngakhale ma antispasmodics atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, sanawonetsedwe kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino kuposa mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) kapena acetaminophen. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi zovuta zambiri kuposa ma NSAID kapena acetaminophen.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za ma SMR apakati ndizo:

• Kusinza
• chizungulire
• mutu
• manjenje
• mkodzo wofiira kapena wofiirira
• adachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi atayimirira

Muyenera kukambirana ndi adotolo zaubwino ndi kuopsa kwa mankhwalawa pochiza minofu yanu.

Mndandanda wa ma SMR apakati

Dzina lachibadwa	Dzina Brand	Fomu	Zowonjezera zilipo
chimachimichi	Soma	piritsi	inde
carisoprodol / aspirin	sakupezeka	piritsi	inde
carisoprodol / aspirin / codeine	sakupezeka	piritsi	inde
chlorzoxazone	Parafon Forte, Lorzone	piritsi	inde
cyclobenzaprine	Fexmid, Flexeril, Amrix	piritsi, capsule yotulutsidwa	piritsi lokha
metaxalone	Skelaxin, Metaxall	piritsi	inde
methocarbamol	Robaxin	piritsi	inde
orphenadrine	Norflex	piritsi lotulutsa	inde
tizanidine	Zanaflex	piritsi, kapisozi	inde

Zosakaniza

Ma Antispastics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa minofu. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitsempha ya minofu. Mankhwalawa ndi awa:

Baclofen: Baclofen (Lioresal) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kupindika komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi MS. Sizikumveka bwino momwe zimagwirira ntchito, koma zikuwoneka kuti zimatseka ma sign a mitsempha kuchokera kumsana wam'mimba omwe amachititsa kuti minofu iphulike. Zotsatira zoyipazi zimatha kuphatikiza kugona, chizungulire, kufooka, ndi kutopa.

Zamgululi: Dantrolene (Dantrium) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mitsempha ya minofu yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi msana wam'mimba, stroko, cerebral palsy, kapena MS. Zimagwira ntchito molunjika pamatumbo kuti zithetse kupindika kwa minofu. Zotsatira zoyipazi zimatha kuphatikiza kugona, chizungulire, kuonda, komanso kutopa.

Diazepam: Diazepam (Valium) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zotupa zam'mimba zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kutupa, kupwetekedwa mtima, kapena kutuluka kwa minofu. Zimagwira ntchito pakukulitsa zochitika zama neurotransmitter ena kuti achepetse kupezeka kwa mitsempha ya minofu. Diazepam ndiwothandiza. Zotsatira zoyipazi zimatha kuphatikiza kugona, kutopa, ndi kufooka kwa minofu.

Mndandanda wa antispastics

Dzina lachibadwa	Dzina Brand	Fomu	Zowonjezera zilipo
baclofen	Zolimbitsa thupi, Gablofen, Zabwino	piritsi, jakisoni	inde
alireza	Dantrium	piritsi	inde
diazepam	Valium	kuyimitsidwa pakamwa, piritsi, jakisoni	inde

Machenjezo a mankhwala opumira opumira

Zotulutsa minofu monga carisoprodol ndi diazepam zimatha kukhala zizolowezi. Onetsetsani kuti mukumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe adanenera dokotala.

Zotulutsa minofu zingathenso kuyambitsa zizindikilo zobwerera m'mbuyo, monga khunyu kapena kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo (kuzindikira zinthu zomwe sizili zenizeni). Osasiya mwadzidzidzi kumwa mankhwala anu, makamaka ngati mwakhala mukumwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Komanso, zopumulitsira minofu zimasokoneza dongosolo lanu lamanjenje (CNS), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumvetsera kapena kukhala maso. Pogwiritsa ntchito minofu yotsitsimula, pewani zinthu zomwe zimafunikira chidwi kapena kulumikizana, monga kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera.

Musamamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi:

• mowa
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a CNS, monga ma opioid kapena psychotropics
• mankhwala ogona
• zowonjezera zitsamba monga St. John's wort

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mosangalala zopumira minofu ngati:

• ali ndi zaka zoposa 65
• kukhala ndi vuto la thanzi lamisala kapena vuto laubongo
• ali ndi mavuto a chiwindi

Mankhwala osachotsedwa pamankhwala osokoneza bongo

Madokotala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kuti athetse vuto lawo ngakhale mankhwalawo sakuvomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Association (FDA). Izi zimatchedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala otsatirawa sakhala opumira minofu, komabe amathandizanso kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa thupi.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines ndi mankhwala omwe angathandize kupumula minofu. Amagwira ntchito poonjezera zotsatira za ma neurotransmitter ena, omwe ndi mankhwala omwe amatumiza uthenga pakati pama cell amubongo wanu.

Zitsanzo za benzodiazepines ndi izi:

• clonazepam (Klonopin)
• Lorazepam (Ativan)
• alprazolam (Xanax)

Zotsatira zoyipa za benzodiazepines zimatha kuphatikizira kugona ndi mavuto moyenera komanso kukumbukira. Mankhwalawa amathanso kukhala chizolowezi.

Clonidine

Clonidine (Kapvay) amaganiza kuti amagwira ntchito poletsa mitsempha yanu kutumiza zisonyezo zopweteka kuubongo wanu kapena kuyambitsa vuto.

Clonidine sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zotsekemera zina zaminyewa. Kutenga mankhwalawa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta. Mwachitsanzo, kutenga clonidine ndi tizanidine kumatha kutsika kwambiri magazi.

Clonidine imapezeka m'maina azizindikiro komanso generic.

Gabapentin

Gabapentin (Neurontin) ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse kugwidwa. Sidziwika bwino momwe gabapentin imagwirira ntchito kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa minofu. Gabapentin imapezeka m'maina azizindikiro komanso generic.

Zosankha zowonjezeretsa zotsalira za minofu

Chithandizo cha OTC chimalimbikitsidwa ngati njira yoyamba yothandizira kupweteka kwa minofu chifukwa cha zovuta monga kupweteka kwakumbuyo kwenikweni kapena kupweteka kwa mutu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyesa chithandizo cha OTC musanamwe mankhwala akuchipatala.

Zosankha zamankhwala za OTC zimaphatikizapo mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito ma antisteroidal (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala angakuthandizeni kusankha chithandizo cha OTC.

Mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs)

NSAID zimagwira ntchito poletsa thupi lanu kupanga zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa ndi kupweteka. Ma NSAID amapezeka m'mawonekedwe achibadwa komanso mayina. Amagulitsidwa pamakalata. Mitundu yolimba imapezeka mwa mankhwala.

NSAID zimabwera ngati mapiritsi amlomo, makapisozi, kapena kuyimitsidwa. Amabweranso ngati mapiritsi osavuta a ana. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimatha kuphatikizira m'mimba komanso chizungulire.

Zitsanzo za NSAID ndizo:

• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• naproxen (Aleve)

Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) amaganiza kuti imagwira ntchito poletsa thupi lanu kupanga zinthu zina zomwe zimapweteka. Acetaminophen imapezeka m'mawonekedwe achibadwa komanso mayina. Zimabwera ngati kutulutsa pompopompo ndikumasula mapiritsi apakamwa ndi makapisozi, mapiritsi apakamwa apakamwa, mapiritsi otafuna, ndi mayankho amlomo.

Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za acetaminophen zimatha kukhala ndi mseru komanso kukhumudwa m'mimba.

Nthawi yoti muyitane dokotala wanu

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kusamalira nokha kutuluka kwa minofu yanu kapena kuzizira kwanu, koma nthawi zina, mungafunike upangiri kapena chithandizo chamankhwala. Onetsetsani kuti muitane dokotala ngati:

• khalani ndi nthawi yochulukirapo ndipo simukudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa
• onetsetsani kuti kuchepa kwa mphamvu kukukulira, kukuchitika pafupipafupi, kapena kupangitsa kuti ntchito zizikhala zovuta
• khalani ndi mitsempha yolimba komanso pafupipafupi
• zindikirani kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za thupi lanu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi kupindika kwa minofu
• khalani ndi zovuta kuchokera ku minofu yanu yopumulira
• khalani ndi "cholumikizira chachisanu" chifukwa cha mgwirizano womwe umachepetsa mayendedwe anu kapena umayambitsa zilonda
• kukhala ndi vuto kapena ululu wowonjezereka

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu

Ndikofunika kuthana ndi kuchepa komanso kutuluka kwa minofu. Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha kubweretsa kulumikizana kwa minofu, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa kuyenda kwanu kapena kusiya malo olumikizidwawo. Ndipo kutuluka kwa minofu sikungokhala kovuta, kungakhale chizindikiro cha vuto lazachipatala.

Minofu yanu kapena kupindika kwanu kumatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kupumula, chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwala, kapena zonsezi. Gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala kuti mupange dongosolo losamalira lomwe lingachepetse ululu wanu ndikupezanso kuyenda bwino.

Mafunso ndi mayankho

Funso:

Kodi nthendayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi kupindika kwa minofu kapena kuphipha?

Wosadziwika wodwala

Yankho:

Inde, nthawi zina.

Mankhwala, omwe amadziwika kuti chamba, ndi ovomerezeka m'maiko ena kuti agwiritse ntchito mankhwala. Kutupa kwa minofu ndichimodzi mwazinthu zathanzi zomwe nthendayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira. Zimathandiza kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa minofu pochepetsa kupweteka ndi kutupa.

Cannabis imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa minofu chifukwa cha multiple sclerosis (MS). Mwambiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo awonetsedwa kuti ndi othandiza payokha komanso kuphatikiza mankhwala ena ochepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu. Komabe, pali zochepa zopezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo osagwirizana ndi MS.

Ngati mukuchiritsidwa ndi MS ndipo mukadali ndi zotupa zaminyewa kapena kupindika, kuwonjezera cannabis kungathandize. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati ili njira yabwino kwa inu.

Muyenera kukumbukira zinthu zina. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri za khansa zimaphatikizapo chizungulire, kusanza, matenda amikodzo, komanso kuyambiranso kwa MS. Komanso, ndizochepa zochepa zomwe zimapezeka pokhudzana ndi momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito komanso machenjezo ena ogwiritsira ntchito.

Mayankho a Gulu Laukatswiri Waumoyo akuyimira malingaliro a akatswiri athu azachipatala. Zonse zomwe zili ndizachidziwikire ndipo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati upangiri wa zamankhwala.