Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa Ya Pancreatic

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za khansa ya Pancreatic
• Khansa ya Pancreatic imayambitsa
• Kuchuluka kwa khansa ya Pancreatic
• Magawo khansa yapancreatic
• Khansa yapancreatic siteji 4
• Khansa yapancreatic siteji 3
• Khansa yapancreatic siteji 2
• Chithandizo cha khansa ya Pancreatic
• Opaleshoni
• Thandizo la radiation
• Chemotherapy
• Chithandizo chofuna
• Matenda a khansa ya Pancreatic
• Matenda a khansa ya Pancreatic
• Chiyembekezo cha khansa ya Pancreatic
• Kodi khansa ya kapamba imatha kuchiritsidwa?
• Zowopsa za khansa ya Pancreatic
• Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa ya Pancreatic
• Mitundu ya khansa yapancreatic
• Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
• Zotupa za Pancreatic neuroendocrine (NETs)
• Pancreatic kupewa khansa

Kodi khansa ya kapamba ndi chiyani?

Khansa ya Pancreatic imachitika m'matumba a kapamba, omwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la endocrine lomwe lili kuseri kwa m'mimba. Mphunoyi imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakudya chakudya popanga michere yomwe thupi limafunikira kupukusa mafuta, chakudya, ndi mapuloteni.

Mphunoyi imapanganso mahomoni awiri ofunikira: glucagon ndi insulin. Mahomoni amenewa amachititsa kuti shuga (shuga) asamangidwe bwino. Insulini imathandizira maselo kugwiritsira ntchito glucose kuti apange mphamvu ndipo glucagon imathandizira kukweza milingo ya shuga ikakhala yotsika kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha kapamba, khansa ya kapamba imatha kukhala yovuta kuizindikira ndipo imapezeka m'matenda apamwamba kwambiri.

Malingana ndi American Cancer Society, khansa ya pancreatic imapanga pafupifupi 3 peresenti ya matenda a khansa ku United States ndi 7 peresenti ya imfa ya khansa.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya Pancreatic

Khansa yapancreatic nthawi zambiri samawonetsa zizindikilo mpaka zikafika patadutsa msinkhu matendawa. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikilo zoyambirira za khansa ya kapamba.

Ngakhale khansara itakula, zina mwazizindikiro zambiri zimatha kukhala zobisika. Zikuphatikizapo:

• kusowa chilakolako
• kuonda mwangozi
• m'mimba (m'mimba) kapena kupweteka kwakumbuyo
• kuundana kwamagazi
• jaundice (khungu lachikaso ndi maso)
• kukhumudwa

Khansa ya Pancreatic yomwe imafalikira imatha kukulitsa zizindikilo zomwe zilipo kale. Khansara ikafalikira, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zowonjezerapo za khansa yayikulu ya kapamba.

Khansa ya Pancreatic imayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya kapamba sizidziwika. Khansara yamtunduwu imachitika pomwe maselo achilendo amayamba kukula mkati mwa kapamba ndikupanga zotupa.

Nthawi zambiri, maselo athanzi amakula ndikumwalira pang'ono. Pankhani ya khansa, pamakhala kuchuluka kwama cell osazolowereka, ndipo maselowa amatenga maselo athanzi.

Ngakhale madotolo ndi ofufuza sakudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha kwamaselo, amadziwa zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha munthu kudwala khansa yamtunduwu.

Zowopsa ziwiri zazikuluzikulu ndizosintha kwa majini komanso kubadwa kwa majini. Chibadwa chimayang'anira momwe maselo amathandizira, chifukwa chake kusintha kwa majini kumatha kubweretsa khansa.

Kuchuluka kwa khansa ya Pancreatic

Chiwerengero cha kupulumuka ndi gawo la anthu angati omwe ali ndi mtundu womwewo komanso gawo la khansa akadali amoyo patapita nthawi. Chiwerengerochi sichikuwonetsa kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe anthu angakhale ndi moyo. M'malo mwake, zimathandiza kudziwa momwe chithandizo cha khansa chingakhalire bwino.

Mitengo yambiri yopulumuka imaperekedwa ngati gawo lazaka zisanu. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mitengo yopulumuka siyotsimikizika. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza manambalawa, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu za khansa yapakeke yapakhungu ndi 34 peresenti. Khansa yam'mimba yam'mimba ndi magawo 0, 1, ndi 2.

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu zapakati pa khansa ya pancreatic yomwe yafalikira kumadera oyandikira kapena ma lymph node ndi 12%. Masamba 2B ndi 3 agwera m'gululi.

Khansara yapansi ya pancreatic, kapena khansa yachinayi yomwe yafalikira m'malo ena monga mapapo, chiwindi, kapena mafupa, ili ndi gawo lachitatu la kupulumuka.

Magawo khansa yapancreatic

Khansa ya pancreatic ikapezeka, madokotala amatha kuyesa zina kuti amvetsetse ngati khansayo yafalikira. Kujambula mayeso, monga PET scan, amathandizira madokotala kuzindikira kupezeka kwa zotupa za khansa. Mayeso amwazi atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Ndi mayeserowa, madokotala akuyesera kukhazikitsa gawo la khansa. Kuyika masitepe kumathandiza kufotokoza momwe khansara yapita patsogolo. Zimathandizanso madotolo kudziwa njira zamankhwala.

Akazindikira, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani gawo lokhazikitsidwa ndi zotsatira za mayeso:

• gawo 1: zotupa zimapezeka m'matumba okha
• Gawo lachiwiri: zotupa zafalikira m'mimba yapafupi kapena ma lymph node
• Gawo lachitatu: khansara yafalikira m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi ndi ma lymph node
• gawo 4: zotupa zafalikira ku ziwalo zina, monga chiwindi

Khansa yapancreatic siteji 4

Gawo la 4 Khansa ya kapamba yafalikira kupitilira tsamba loyambalo kupita kumalo akutali, monga ziwalo zina, ubongo, kapena mafupa.

Khansa ya Pancreatic imapezeka nthawi ino mochedwa chifukwa siyimayambitsa zizindikiro mpaka kufalikira kumawebusayiti ena. Zizindikiro zomwe mungakhale nazo panthawiyi ndi monga:

• kupweteka kumtunda
• kupweteka kumbuyo
• kutopa
• jaundice (chikasu cha khungu)
• kusowa chilakolako
• kuonda
• kukhumudwa

Khansa ya kapamba ya pancreatic siyingachiritsidwe, koma mankhwala amatha kuthana ndi zovuta komanso kupewa zovuta za khansa. Mankhwalawa atha kuphatikiza:

• chemotherapy
• mankhwala opweteka opatsirana
• bile yochita kulambalala
• ndulu ya ndulu
• opaleshoni yodutsa m'mimba

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu zapakati pa khansa ya kapamba ya pancreatic ndi 3 peresenti.

Khansa yapancreatic siteji 3

Gawo lachitatu khansa ya kapamba ndi chotupa m'mapapo komanso mwina malo oyandikira, monga ma lymph node kapena mitsempha yamagazi. Khansa yapancreatic pakadali pano sinafalikire kumadera akutali.

Khansara ya pancreatic amatchedwa khansa yakachetechete chifukwa nthawi zambiri samapezeka mpaka itafika pachimake. Ngati muli ndi zizindikilo za khansa ya kapamba ya pancreatic, mutha kukumana ndi izi:

• kupweteka kumbuyo
• kupweteka kapena kukoma pamimba chapamwamba
• kusowa chilakolako
• kuonda
• kutopa
• kukhumudwa

Gawo lachitatu la khansa ya kapamba ndi yovuta kuchiza, koma chithandizo chitha kuthandiza kupewa kufalikira kwa khansa ndikuchepetsa zomwe zimayambitsa chotupacho. Mankhwalawa atha kuphatikiza:

• opaleshoni kuchotsa gawo la kapamba (njira ya Whipple)
• Mankhwala oletsa khansa
• mankhwala a radiation

Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu pagawo lachitatu la khansa ya kapamba ndi 3 mpaka 12%.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa imeneyi adzayambiranso. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa choti ma micrometastases, kapena malo ang'onoang'ono omwe samapezeka ndi khansa, afalikira kupitirira kapamba ngati nthawi yodziwira.

Khansa yapancreatic siteji 2

Gawo lachiwiri la khansa ya kapamba ndi khansa yomwe imatsalira m'mapapo ndipo itha kufalikira kumatenda ena apafupi. Sinafalikire kumatupi kapena mitsempha yamagazi yapafupi, ndipo sinafalikire kumalo ena mwathupi.

Khansara ya pancreatic ndi yovuta kuizindikira koyambirira, kuphatikiza gawo 2. Izi ndichifukwa choti sizotheka kuchititsa zizindikiritso. Ngati muli ndi zizindikilo koyambirira, mutha kukhala ndi izi:

• jaundice
• kusintha kwa mtundu wa mkodzo
• kupweteka kapena kukoma pamimba chapamwamba
• kuonda
• kusowa chilakolako
• kutopa

Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo:

• opaleshoni
• cheza
• chemotherapy
• mankhwala olimbana ndi mankhwala

Dokotala wanu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi m'njira zingapo kuti athandize kuchepetsa chotupacho komanso kupewa ma metastases. Kuchuluka kwazaka zisanu za anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yapakudya ya pancreatic ili pafupifupi 30 peresenti.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya Pancreatic

Chithandizo cha khansa ya kapamba chimadalira gawo la khansa. Ili ndi zolinga ziwiri: kupha maselo a khansa komanso kupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa.

Kuchepetsa thupi, kutsekula kwa m'mimba, kupweteka m'mimba, komanso kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi zina mwazovuta zomwe zimachitika panthawi yamankhwala opatsirana khansa.

Opaleshoni

Lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito opareshoni yothandizira khansa ya kapamba limabwera pazinthu ziwiri: komwe khansara ili pomwepo ndi khansa. Opaleshoni imatha kuchotsa zonse kapamba.

Izi zitha kuthetsa chotupa choyambirira, koma sichichotsa khansa yomwe yafalikira mbali zina za thupi. Kuchita opaleshoni mwina sikungakhale koyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yayikulu ya kapamba pazifukwa izi.

Thandizo la radiation

Njira zina zamankhwala ziyenera kufufuzidwa khansa ikafalikira kunja kwa kapamba. Mankhwala a radiation amagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray ndi matabwa ena amphamvu kwambiri kupha ma cell a khansa.

Chemotherapy

Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu amatha kuphatikiza mankhwala ena ndi chemotherapy, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapha khansa kuti ateteze kukula kwamaselo a khansa.

Chithandizo chofuna

Chithandizo cha khansa chamtunduwu chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena njira zina zowunikira makamaka ma cell a khansa ndikuyesetsa kuwawononga. Mankhwalawa adapangidwa kuti asawononge maselo abwinobwino kapena abwinobwino.

Matenda a khansa ya Pancreatic

Mitengo yopulumuka ya khansa ya kapamba yayenda bwino m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kafukufuku ndi chithandizo chatsopano chikukulitsa kuchuluka kwapakati pazaka zisanu kwa anthu omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya kapamba.

Komabe, matendawa amawaonabe kuti ndi ovuta kuchiza. Chifukwa khansara ya pancreatic nthawi zambiri siyimayambitsa matenda mpaka khansara itakula, kuthekera kuti khansara yafalikira, kapena kufalikira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchiza kapena kuthetsa khansa.

Kuphatikiza njira zina ndi mankhwala azikhalidwe zitha kuthandiza kusintha moyo wanu. Yoga, kusinkhasinkha, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopepuka kumatha kukulitsa thanzi ndikukhalanso bwino mukamalandira chithandizo.

Matenda a khansa ya Pancreatic

Kuzindikira koyambirira kumawonjezera mwayi wochira. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti mukachezere dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe sizingathe kapena kubwereza pafupipafupi.

Kuti adziwe, dokotala wanu adzawunikanso zomwe mukudziwa komanso mbiri yazachipatala. Atha kuyitanitsa mayeso amodzi kapena angapo kuti awone ngati ali ndi khansa ya kapamba, monga:

• Kufufuza kwa CT kapena MRI kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse chazakudya zanu
• endoscopic ultrasound, momwe chubu chowonda, chosinthika chokhala ndi kamera yolumikizidwa chimalowetsedwa m'mimba kuti mupeze zithunzi za kapamba
• biopsy, kapena minofu, ya kapamba
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti muwone ngati chotupa cha CA 19-9 chilipo, chomwe chitha kuwonetsa khansa ya kapamba

Chiyembekezo cha khansa ya Pancreatic

Khansara ya pancreatic ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapha khansa kwambiri - mwatsoka, odwala ambiri samalandira matenda mpaka atafalikira kunja kwa kapamba. Kuchuluka kwa zaka zisanu pazaka zonse za khansa ya kapamba ndi 9 peresenti.

Kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wochira komanso kupulumuka. Muthanso kuganizira:

• enzyme ya pancreatic imathandizira kukonza chimbudzi
• mankhwala opweteka
• chisamaliro chotsatira, ngakhale khansara itachotsedwa bwino

Kodi khansa ya kapamba imatha kuchiritsidwa?

Khansa ya pancreatic imachiritsidwa, ngati itagwidwa msanga. Mitundu iwiri ya opaleshoni, njira ya Whipple kapena pancreatectomy, imatha kuchotsa gawo kapena kapamba. Izi zithetsa chotupa choyambirira cha khansa.

Tsoka ilo, mitundu yambiri ya khansa ya kapamba sapezeka ndipo imapezeka mpaka khansara itafika patali ndikufalikira kupitirira tsamba loyambalo.

Kuchita opaleshoni sikungakhale koyenera kumapeto kwa khansa ya kapamba. Ngati khansara yafalikira mbali zina za thupi, kuchotsa chotupacho kapena kapamba sikungakuthandizeni. Mankhwala ena ayenera kuganiziridwa.

Zowopsa za khansa ya Pancreatic

Ngakhale zomwe zimayambitsa khansa yamtunduwu sizikudziwika, pali zifukwa zina zowopsa zomwe zingakulitse mwayi wanu wokhala ndi khansa ya kapamba. Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati:

• kusuta ndudu - 30 peresenti ya khansa ikukhudzana ndi kusuta ndudu
• onenepa
• musamachite masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
• idyani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri
• imwani mowa wambiri
• kukhala ndi matenda ashuga
• ntchito ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mankhwala
• khalani ndi kutupa kosavuta kwa kapamba
• kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi
• ndi African-American
• ali ndi mbiri yakubadwa ya khansa ya kapamba kapena zovuta zina zamtundu zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi khansa yamtunduwu

DNA yanu imakhudza kwambiri thanzi lanu komanso momwe mungakhalire. Mutha kulandira majini omwe angapangitse kuti mukhale ndi khansa ya kapamba.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya khansa ya Pancreatic

Ngati chotupacho changokhala m'matumba, mwina angalimbikitsidwe opaleshoni. Kaya kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena ayi ndichotheka kusankha kutengera komwe khansa ilipo.

Zotupa zokhazika "pamutu ndi m'khosi" za kapamba zimatha kuchotsedwa ndi njira yotchedwa Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy).

Pochita izi, gawo loyambirira, kapena "mutu" wa kapamba komanso pafupifupi 20% ya "thupi," kapena gawo lachiwiri, amachotsedwa. Gawo lakumunsi la ndulu ya ndulu komanso gawo loyamba la matumbo amachotsedwanso.

Mu mtundu wosinthidwa wa opaleshoniyi, gawo la m'mimba limachotsedwanso.

Mitundu ya khansa yapancreatic

Pali mitundu iwiri ya khansa ya kapamba:

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Pafupifupi 95 peresenti ya khansa ya pancreatic ndi pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Khansara yamtunduwu imayamba m'maselo am'mimba. Maselo ambiri m'matendawa ndi awa amtundu wa exocrine, omwe amapanga michere ya kapamba kapena amapanga timitsempha ta pancreatic.

Zotupa za Pancreatic neuroendocrine (NETs)

Mtundu wocheperako wa khansa ya kapamba umayamba m'maselo a endocrine a kapamba. Maselowa ali ndi udindo wopanga mahomoni, kuphatikiza omwe amathandizira kusungunuka kwa magazi.

Pancreatic kupewa khansa

Ofufuza ndi madotolo samamvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya kapamba. Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti sakudziwa zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze khansa ya kapamba.

Zina mwaziwopsezo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi khansa yamtunduwu sizingasinthidwe. Izi zikuphatikiza jenda, zaka, ndi DNA.

Komabe, kusintha kwamachitidwe ena komanso njira zonse zathanzi zitha kuchepetsa ngozi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Siyani kusuta: Kusuta kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha mitundu ingapo ya khansa, kuphatikiza khansa ya kapamba.
• Imwani pang'ono: Kuledzera kungapangitse kuti mukhale ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana kwambiri komanso khansa ya kapamba.
• Pitirizani kulemera bwino: Kulemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa mitundu ingapo ya khansa.