Kodi Pancytopenia ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro za pancytopenia
• Pancytopenia zimayambitsa ndi zoopsa
• Zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi pancytopenia
• Momwe pancytopenia imadziwira
• Njira zothandizira
• Chiwonetsero
• Kupewa pancytopenia

Chidule

Pancytopenia ndimkhalidwe womwe thupi la munthu limakhala ndi maselo ofiira ochepa kwambiri, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet. Iliyonse mwa mitundu yama cell amwazi imakhala ndi ntchito yosiyana mthupi:

• Maselo ofiira ofiira amatenga mpweya mthupi lanu lonse.
• Maselo oyera ndi gawo limodzi lama chitetezo amthupi anu ndipo amathandizira kulimbana ndi matenda.
• Mipata imaloleza magazi anu kuti agwidwe.

Ngati muli ndi pancytopenia, muli ndi matenda atatu osiyana amwazi:

• kuchepa kwa magazi, kapena kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira amwazi
• leukopenia, kapena kuchepa kwa maselo oyera a magazi
• thrombocytopenia, kapena magawo otsika a mbale

Chifukwa thupi lanu limafunikira ma cell amwazi onsewa, pancytopenia imatha kukhala yayikulu kwambiri. Zingakhale zoopsa pompano ngati simukuzichitira.

Zizindikiro za pancytopenia

Pancytopenia wofatsa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zizindikiro. Dokotala wanu amatha kuzipeza poyesa magazi pazifukwa zina.

Pancytopenia yoopsa kwambiri imatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo monga:

• kupuma movutikira
• khungu lotumbululuka
• kutopa
• kufooka
• malungo
• chizungulire
• kuvulaza kosavuta
• magazi
• mawanga ofiirira pakhungu lanu, otchedwa petechiae
• mawanga ofiirira pakhungu lanu, otchedwa purpura
• nkhama zotuluka magazi komanso zotuluka m'mphuno
• kuthamanga kwa mtima

Ngati inu kapena wina wapafupi ndi inu muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa zotsatirazi ndi pancytopenia, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo:

• malungo opitilira 101˚F (38.3˚C)
• kugwidwa
• kutaya magazi kwambiri
• kupuma movutikira
• chisokonezo
• kutaya chidziwitso

Pancytopenia zimayambitsa ndi zoopsa

Pancytopenia imayamba chifukwa cha vuto lamafupa. Minofu yophukayi mkati mwa mafupa ndipamene timapanga maselo amwazi. Matenda komanso kupezeka kwa mankhwala ndi mankhwala zimatha kuwononga fupa.

Mutha kukhala ndi pancytopenia ngati muli ndi izi:

• Khansa yomwe imakhudza mafupa, monga:
  • khansa ya m'magazi
  • angapo myeloma
  • Hodgkin's kapena non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
  • myelodysplastic syndromes
  • kuchepa kwa magazi mu megaloblastic, momwe thupi lanu limapangira maselo ofiira ofiira okulirapo kuposa abwinobwino, ndipo muli ndi kuchuluka kwama cell ofiira
• kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, komwe thupi lanu limasiya kupanga maselo amwazi okwanira
• paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, matenda osowa magazi omwe amachititsa kuti maselo ofiira awonongeke
• matenda opatsirana, monga:
  • Vuto la Epstein-Barr, lomwe limayambitsa mononucleosis
  • cytomegalovirus
  • HIV
  • matenda a chiwindi
  • malungo
  • sepsis (matenda a magazi)
• matenda omwe amawononga mafupa, monga matenda a Gaucher
• kuwonongeka kwa chemotherapy kapena radiation radiation ya khansa
• Kuwonetsedwa ndi mankhwala m'chilengedwe, monga radiation, arsenic, kapena benzene
• zovuta zamafupa zomwe zimayenda m'mabanja
• mavitamini, monga kusowa kwa vitamini B-12 kapena folate
• kukulitsa kwa nthata yanu, yotchedwa splenomegaly
• matenda a chiwindi
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso komwe kumawononga chiwindi
• Matenda osokoneza bongo, monga systemic lupus erythematosus

Pafupifupi theka la milandu yonse, madokotala sangapeze chifukwa cha pancytopenia. Izi zimatchedwa idiopathic pancytopenia.

Zovuta zoyambitsidwa ndi pancytopenia

Zovuta kuchokera ku pancytopenia zimachokera pakusowa kwa maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet. Mavutowa atha kuphatikiza:

• Kutaya magazi mopitilira muyeso ngati maplatelet akukhudzidwa
• chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda opatsirana ngati maselo oyera amagwidwa

Pancytopenia yoopsa imatha kupha moyo.

Momwe pancytopenia imadziwira

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti muli ndi pancytopenia, mwina angakulimbikitseni kuti mukawone katswiri wamagazi - katswiri yemwe amachiza matenda amwazi. Katswiriyu adzafuna kudziwa mbiri ya banja lanu komanso mbiri yazachipatala. Mukamamuyesa mayeso, adokotala amafunsa zamatenda anu ndikuyang'ana makutu anu, mphuno, khosi, pakamwa, ndi khungu.

Adotolo adzalembanso magazi athunthu (CBC). Kuyesaku kumayeza kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet m'magazi anu. Ngati CBC ndi yachilendo, mungafunike magazi otumphukira. Kuyesaku kumayika dontho lamagazi anu pazithunzi kuti muwone mitundu yama cell amwazi omwe ali nawo.

Pofuna kupeza vuto ndi mafupa anu, dokotala wanu akhoza kukhala ndi chifuwa chokhumba ndi mafupa. Pachiyeso ichi, dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito singano kuchotsa pang'ono madzi ndi minofu mkati mwa fupa lanu lomwe lingayesedwe ndikuyesedwa mu labu.

Dokotala wanu amathanso kuyesa mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa pancytopenia. Mayesowa atha kuphatikizanso kuyesa magazi kuti aone ngati ali ndi matenda kapena leukemia. Mwinanso mungafunike CT scan kapena mayeso ena ojambula kuti muyang'ane khansa kapena mavuto ena ndi ziwalo zanu.

Njira zothandizira

Dokotala wanu athana ndi vuto lomwe lidayambitsa pancytopenia. Izi zingaphatikizepo kukuchotsani kuchipatala kapena kusiya kuyamwa mankhwala enaake. Ngati chitetezo chamthupi chanu chikuukira mafupa anu, mupeza mankhwala ochepetsa chitetezo chamthupi lanu.

Mankhwala a pancytopenia ndi awa:

• mankhwala othandizira kupangika kwama cell am'mafupa anu
• Kuikidwa magazi m'malo mwa maselo ofiira ofiira, maselo oyera amwazi, ndi ma platelet
• maantibayotiki kuti athetse matenda
• Kuthira mafuta m'mafupa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti kusanjikiza kwa tsinde, komwe kumalowetsa m'mafupa owonongeka ndi maselo amtundu wathanzi omwe amamanganso mafupa

Chiwonetsero

Maganizo a pancytopenia amadalira matenda omwe adayambitsa vutoli komanso momwe adotolo amathandizira. Ngati mankhwala kapena mankhwala adayambitsa pancytopenia, ayenera kukhala bwino pasanathe sabata mutasiya kuonekera. Zovuta zina, monga khansa, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuchiza.

Kupewa pancytopenia

Zina mwa zifukwa za pancytopenia, monga khansa kapena matenda obwera chifukwa cha mafupa, sizitetezedwa. Mutha kupewa matenda ena amtundu waukhondo ndikupewa kulumikizana ndi aliyense amene akudwala. Muthanso kupewa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa vutoli.