Mafunso ambiri a Nkhundu

Zamkati

• 1. Ndani ayenera kulandira katemera?
• 2. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi ziti?
• 3. Kodi chikuku chimaluma?
• 4. Kodi mankhwalawa ndi otani?
• 5. Kodi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chikuku ndi chiyani?
• 6. Kodi kufala kumachitika motani?
• 7. Kodi mungapewe bwanji chikuku?
• 8. Kodi mavuto a chikuku ndi ati?

Chikuku ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri omwe amasintha ndi zizindikilo monga malungo, kutsokomola kosalekeza, mphuno yothamanga, conjunctivitis, mawanga ofiira ang'onoang'ono omwe amayamba pafupi ndi khungu kenako ndikutsika, kufalikira thupi lonse.

Chithandizo cha chikuku chimachitidwa pofuna kuthetsa zizindikiro chifukwa matendawa amayamba ndi kachilombo ndipo thupi limatha kudzichotsera lokha, osafunikira maantibayotiki.

Katemera wa chikuku ndiye njira yabwino yopewera matenda ndipo ndi gawo limodzi la magawo katemera wa ana. Katemerayu ndiwothandiza kwambiri koma popeza kachilomboka kangasinthe, nthawi zina ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi katemera amatha kutenga kachilomboka patapita zaka.

1. Ndani ayenera kulandira katemera?

Katemera wa chikuku nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwaulere ali ndi miyezi 12, ndikulimbikitsidwa pakati pa miyezi 15 ndi 24. Pankhani ya katemera wa tetraviral, mlingowu nthawi zambiri umakhala wosakwatiwa ndipo umayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa miyezi 12 ndi zaka 5.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopezera katemera wa chikuku, katemera wokha kapena katemera wophatikizika:

• Katemera wa katatu: motsutsana ndi chikuku, chikuku ndi rubella;
• Katemera wa Tetraviral: zomwe zimatetezeranso ku nthomba.

Aliyense atha kulandira katemera, bola akadalibe katemerayo, koma katemera wa chikuku amathanso kuperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, monga zimachitikira makolo omwe sanalandire katemera komanso ali ndi mwana chikuku. Koma, kuti izi zitheke, munthuyo ayenera katemera mpaka masiku atatu zitatha zizindikiro za munthu amene amacheza naye.

2. Zizindikiro zake zazikulu ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zofala za chikuku ndi izi:

• Magamba ofiira pakhungu lomwe limayamba kuwonekera pankhope kenako limafalikira kumapazi;
• Mawanga oyera ozungulira mkati mwa tsaya;
• Kutentha kwakukulu, pamwamba pa 38.5ºC;
• Chifuwa ndi phlegm;
• Conjunctivitis;
• Hypersensitivity kuunika;
• Kuthamanga mphuno;
• Kutaya njala;
• Pakhoza kukhala mutu, kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Chikuku sichiluma, monga matenda ena monga khola ndi rubella.

Tengani mayeso athu pa intaneti kuti mudziwe ngati zingakhale chikuku.

Matenda a chikuku angapangidwe powona zizindikiro zake, makamaka m'malo omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matendawa, kapena pakagwa mliri, koma kungakhale koyenera kuyesa magazi kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa ma virus a chikuku ndi ma antibodies., mukakhala pamalo omwe samakonda kukhudzidwa ndi matendawa.

Matenda ena omwe angayambitse zofananazo ndipo atha kusokonezedwa ndi chikuku ndi rubella, roseola, fever, matenda a Kawasaki, matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis, malungo a Rocky Mountain, enterovirus kapena adenovirus matenda komanso chidwi cha mankhwala (ziwengo).

3. Kodi chikuku chimaluma?

Mosiyana ndi matenda ena monga nthomba kapena rubella, mabala a chikuku samayatsa khungu.

4. Kodi mankhwalawa ndi otani?

Chithandizo cha chikuku chimakhala ndi kuchepa kwa zizindikilo kupuma, kusowa madzi okwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse malungo. Kuphatikiza apo, World Health Organisation (WHO) ilimbikitsanso vitamini A supplementation kwa ana onse omwe amapezeka ndi chikuku.

Kawirikawiri munthu wodwala chikuku amachira kotheratu, kufika kuchiritso patatha masiku 10 chiyambireni zizindikiro. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kumatha kuwonetsedwa ngati pali umboni wokhudzana ndi matenda a bakiteriya, ngati munthuyo ali ndi matenda am'makutu kapena chibayo, chifukwa awa ndi mavuto ofala a chikuku.

Onani zambiri pazomwe mungachite pothana ndi Chikuku.

5. Kodi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chikuku ndi chiyani?

Chikuku ndi kachilombo ka banja Morbillivirus, yomwe imatha kukula ndikuchulukirachulukira m'mimbamu ndi mphuno za munthu wamkulu kapena mwana wodwala. Mwanjira imeneyi, kachilomboka kamafalikira mosavuta m'madontho ang'onoang'ono omwe amatuluka mukatsokomola, kuyankhula kapena kuyetsemula.

Pamwamba, kachilomboka kamatha kugwira ntchito mpaka maola awiri, chifukwa chake muyenera kuthira mankhwala pamalo onse omwe munthu wodwala chikuku wakhala.

6. Kodi kufala kumachitika motani?

Matenda a chikuku amapezeka makamaka mlengalenga, pamene munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo akutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula ndipo munthu wina yemwe ali pafupi ndikupumula matendawo. Pakati pamasiku 4 omwe amatsogolera mawanga pakhungu mpaka kutha kwathunthu, wodwalayo amakhala wopatsirana, chifukwa ndipamene timabowo timakhala tomwe timagwira ndipo munthu samasamalira mosamala kuti asayambukire ena.

7. Kodi mungapewe bwanji chikuku?

Njira yabwino yopewera chikuku ndiyo katemera wa matendawa, komabe, pali njira zina zodzitetezera zomwe zingathandizenso, monga:

• Sambani m'manja pafupipafupi, makamaka mutakumana ndi anthu odwala;
• Pewani kukhudza maso, mphuno kapena pakamwa, ngati manja anu sali oyera;
• Pewani kukhala pamalo otsekedwa ndi anthu ambiri;
• Osalumikizana mwachindunji ndi odwala, monga kupsompsonana, kukumbatirana kapena kugawana zodulira.

Kupatula wodwalayo ndi njira inanso yolepheretsa kufalikira kwa matendawa, ngakhale katemera wokha ndiwothandiza. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu wapezeka ndi chikuku, aliyense amene amalumikizana nawo kwambiri, monga makolo ndi abale ake, ayenera kulandira katemera, ngati sanakhalebe, ndipo wodwalayo ayenera kukhala kunyumba, kupumula, osapita kusukulu kapena kugwira ntchito, kuti asaipitse ena.

Phunzirani za njira zina zodzitetezera ku chikuku.

8. Kodi mavuto a chikuku ndi ati?

Nthawi zambiri, chikuku chimatha popanda kuyambitsa mtundu wina uliwonse wamtundu mwa munthu, komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, zovuta zina zimatha kuchitika, monga:

• Kutsekeka kwa ndege;
• Chibayo;
• Encephalitis;
• Matenda a khutu;
• Khungu;
• Kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, chikuku chikabuka mwa mayi wapakati, palinso chiopsezo chachikulu chobadwa msanga kapena kupita padera. Mvetsetsani bwino momwe chikuku chimakhudzira mimba.

Ngati mukukayika, onerani vidiyo yotsatirayi, momwe zamankhwala athu amafotokozera zonse za Chikuku:

Nthawi zina pomwe munthu akhoza kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chochepa, chomwe thupi lake silingathe kuteteza ku kachilombo ka chikuku, zimaphatikizapo anthu omwe amalandila khansa kapena Edzi, ana omwe adabadwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV, anthu omwe adalandira ziwalo kapena omwe ali pamene akusowa zakudya m'thupi.