Kulimbana ndi HIV: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro zakumenya ndi zotani?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa ma shingles?
• Nanga bwanji ngati munthu sanakhaleko ndi nthomba kapena katemera wake?
• Kodi ndizovuta zanji zokhala ndimatenda ndi kachilombo ka HIV?
• Matenda atali
• Kufalitsa zoster
• Kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali
• Kubwereza
• Kodi matenda am'mimba amapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira shingles ndi ziti?
• Kodi malingaliro ake ndi otani?

Chidule

Vertic-zoster virus ndi mtundu wa herpes virus womwe umayambitsa nkhuku (varicella) ndi shingles (zoster). Aliyense amene watenga kachilomboka adzakumana ndi nthomba, ndimatenda omwe amatha kuchitika patatha zaka zambiri. Anthu okhawo omwe adakhalapo ndi katsabola ndi omwe amayamba kudwala.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi ziboda chikuwonjezeka tikamakalamba, makamaka titakwanitsa zaka 50. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zake ndikuti chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimafooka ndi ukalamba.

Kuthekera kwakukula masingano kumawonjezeka kwambiri ngati HIV yakhudza chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu.

Kodi zizindikiro zakumenya ndi zotani?

Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kuphulika ndikutuluka komwe nthawi zambiri kumazungulira mbali imodzi kumbuyo ndi chifuwa.

Anthu ena amayamba kumva kupweteka kapena kupweteka masiku angapo kuphulika kutayamba. Imayamba ndi mabampu ofiira ochepa. Pakadutsa masiku atatu kapena asanu, pali mabampu ena ambiri.

Ziphuphu zimadzaza ndimadzimadzi ndikusanduka matuza, kapena zotupa. Kutupa kumatha kuluma, kuwotcha, kapena kuyabwa. Zitha kukhala zopweteka kwambiri.

Pakatha masiku angapo, matuzawo amayamba kuuma ndikupanga chotumphuka. Nkhanizi nthawi zambiri zimayamba kugwa pafupifupi sabata. Njira yonseyi imatha kutenga milungu iwiri kapena inayi. Nkhanazo zikagwa, kusintha kosasintha kwamitundu kumatha kuwoneka pakhungu. Nthawi zina matuzawo amasiya zipsera.

Anthu ena amamva kuwawa kwakanthawi zitatha. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chotchedwa postherpetic neuralgia. Itha kukhala miyezi ingapo, ngakhale nthawi zambiri ululu umakhala kwazaka.

Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizapo malungo, nseru, ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Ziphuphu zimatha kuchitika mozungulira diso, zomwe zingakhale zopweteka kwambiri ndipo zitha kuwononga diso.

Pazizindikiro zamatenda, onani nthawi yomweyo wothandizira zaumoyo. Chithandizo chofulumira chingachepetse chiopsezo cha zovuta zazikulu.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa ma shingles?

Munthu akachira kuchokera ku nthomba, kachilomboka sikamatha kugwira ntchito, kapena kugona matupi ake. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimagwira ntchito kuti chizikhala choncho. Patapita zaka, nthawi zambiri munthuyo akapitirira zaka 50, kachilomboka kamayambanso kugwira ntchito. Choyambitsa ichi sichikudziwika, koma zotsatira zake ndi ma shingles.

Kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kumatha kuwonjezera mwayi wopezeke ndi minyewa mudakali aang'ono. Masingles amatha kubwereza kangapo.

Nanga bwanji ngati munthu sanakhaleko ndi nthomba kapena katemera wake?

Zipolopolo sizifalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa mnzake. Ndipo iwo omwe sanakhalepo ndi nkhuku kapena analandira katemera wa nthomba sangapeze nsungu.

Vuto la varicella zoster lomwe limayambitsa ma shingles limatha kupatsirana, komabe. Iwo omwe alibe kachilomboka amatha kutenga kachilomboka kuchokera ku zotupa za shingles zotentha, ndiyeno nkukhala ndi nkhuku chifukwa.

Zotsatirazi ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzisamala kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka varicella zoster virus:

• Yesetsani kupewa kupezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nthomba kapena ma shingles.
• Samalani kwambiri kuti mupewe kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi zotupa.
• Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo za kulandira katemera.

Pali katemera wa ma shingles awiri omwe alipo. Katemera watsopano kwambiri ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, komwe sikungayambitse matenda a shingles ndipo kotero angaperekedwe kwa anthu omwe chitetezo chawo cha mthupi chimasokonekera kwambiri. Katemera wakale amakhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndipo mwina sangakhale otetezeka pamenepa.

Funsani wothandizira zaumoyo kuti muwone ngati akulangiza katemera wa shingles.

Kodi ndizovuta zanji zokhala ndimatenda ndi kachilombo ka HIV?

Omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amatha kudwala matendawa kwambiri komanso amakhala pachiwopsezo chazovuta.

Matenda atali

Zilonda pakhungu zimatha kukhala nthawi yayitali ndipo zimatha kusiya zipsera. Samalani kuti khungu lanu likhale loyera komanso kupewa majeremusi. Zilonda pakhungu zimatha kutenga matenda.

Kufalitsa zoster

Nthawi zambiri, zotupa zimamveka pamtengo wa thupi.

Kwa anthu ena, totupa timafalikira kudera lokulirapo. Izi zimatchedwa kufalitsa zoster, ndipo ndizotheka kwambiri kuti zichitike kwa omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka. Zizindikiro zina zofalitsa zoster zitha kupweteketsa mutu komanso kuzindikira pang'ono.

Milandu yayikulu ingafune kugonekedwa mchipatala, makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi HIV.

Kupweteka kwanthawi yayitali

Postherpetic neuralgia imatha miyezi kapena ngakhale zaka.

Kubwereza

Chiwopsezo cha kulimbikira, kulumikizana kwanthawi yayitali ndi chachikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV. Aliyense amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amene akuganiza kuti ali ndi shingles ayenera kuwona wothandizira zaumoyo wake kuti amuthandize mwamsanga.

Kodi matenda am'mimba amapezeka bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, wothandizira zaumoyo amatha kuzindikira ma shingles pochita mayeso athupi, kuphatikiza kuyang'ana m'maso kuti awone ngati zakhudzidwa.

Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala zovuta kuzindikira ma shingles ngati zotupa zimafalikira gawo lalikulu la thupi kapena zimawoneka modabwitsa. Ngati ndi choncho, wothandizira zaumoyo amatha kutenga zitsanzo za khungu pachilonda ndikuzitumiza ku labu ya zikhalidwe kapena kusanthula kwazing'onozing'ono.

Kodi njira zamankhwala zothandizira shingles ndi ziti?

Chithandizo cha ma shingles ndi chimodzimodzi ngakhale munthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo izi:

• kuyamba kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo mofulumira kuti muchepetse zizindikiritso ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa matendawo
• kumwa kontrakitala (OTC) kapena mankhwala ochepetsa ululu, kutengera kukula kwakumva kuwawa
• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a OTC kuti muchepetse kuyabwa, onetsetsani kuti mwapewa mafuta okhala ndi cortisone
• kugwiritsa ntchito compress yozizira

Madontho amaso omwe ali ndi corticosteroids amatha kuthana ndi vuto la kulumikizana kwa diso.

Zilonda zomwe zimawoneka kuti zili ndi kachilombo ziyenera kuyesedwa ndi wothandizira zaumoyo nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi malingaliro ake ndi otani?

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ma shingles amatha kukhala ovuta kwambiri ndipo amatenga nthawi kuti achire. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amachira pachimake popanda zovuta zazikulu kwakanthawi.