Matenda achiwewe (hydrophobia): ndi chiyani, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungadziwire nyama yokwiya
• Momwe kufalitsa kumachitikira
• Momwe mungapewere matenda
• Zoyenera kuchita ngati walumidwa ndi nyama yolusa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Amwewe ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo komwe mitsempha yayikulu (CNS) imasokonekera ndipo imatha kubweretsa imfa m'masiku 5 mpaka 7, ngati matendawa sakuchiritsidwa bwino. Matendawa amatha kuchira munthu akafuna thandizo kuchipatala akangolumidwa ndi nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka kapena zikayamba kuwonekera.

Woyambitsa matenda a chiwewe ndiye kachilombo ka chiwewe kamene kamakhala mwa dongosolo Mononegavirales, banja Rhabdoviridae ndi jenda Lyssavirus. Nyama zomwe zimafalitsa matenda a chiwewe kwa anthu makamaka agalu amphaka ndi amphaka, koma nyama zonse zamagazi ofulumira zimatha kutenga kachilomboka ndikupatsira anthu. Zitsanzo zina ndi mileme yomwe imadya magazi, ziweto, nkhandwe, raccoon ndi anyani.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro za chiwewe mwa anthu zimayamba patatha masiku pafupifupi 45 nyama yolumikizidwa ikulumidwa, chifukwa kachilomboko kamayenera kufikira muubongo musanayambitse chizindikiro chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, ndizofala kuti munthuyo adalumidwa kwakanthawi asanawonetse zizindikiro.

Komabe, zikayamba kuwonekera, zizindikilo zoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi za chimfine ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

• Matenda ambiri;
• Kumva kufooka;
• Mutu;
• Kutentha kwakukulu;
• Kukwiya.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusapeza kumawonekeranso pamalo olumirako, monga kulira kapena kuluma.

Matendawa akamakula, zizindikilo zina zokhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo zimayamba kuwonekera, monga nkhawa, chisokonezo, kusakhazikika, machitidwe osazolowereka, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo ndi kusowa tulo.

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwaubongo zikawoneka, matenda nthawi zambiri amapha, chifukwa chake, munthuyo amatha kuloledwa kupita naye kuchipatala kuti angomwa mankhwala mwachindunji mumitsempha ndikuyesera kuti athetse vutoli.

Momwe mungadziwire nyama yokwiya

Pachigawo choyamba cha matenda, nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilombo ka chiwewe zimatha kukhala zopanda mphamvu, ndikumangosanza komanso kuwonda, komabe, zizindikirazi zimangofika pakukhala malovu kwambiri, kuchita zachilendo komanso kudzicheka.

Momwe kufalitsa kumachitikira

Kufala kwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chiwewe kumachitika kudzera mwachindunji, ndiye kuti, ndikofunikira kuti malovu a nyama kapena munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka akumane ndi bala pakhungu kapena ndi nembanemba ya m'maso, mphuno kapena pakamwa. Pachifukwa ichi, chomwe chimayambitsa kufala kwa chiwewe ndi kudzera pakuluma kwa nyama, ndipo ndikosavuta kuti kufala kuzichitika kudzera pakukanda.

Momwe mungapewere matenda

Njira yabwino yodzitetezera ku matenda achiwewe ndi katemera wa agalu ndi amphaka ndi katemera wa chiwewe, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi, ngakhale mutalumidwa ndi imodzi mwazinyama izi, popeza sizizapweteka, munthuyo, ngati walumidwa, sangatero kudwala.

Njira zina zodzitetezera ndikupewa kuyanjana ndi nyama zosochera, zosiyidwa komanso kukhudzana ndi nyama zamtchire, ngakhale sizikuwoneka kuti zikuwonetsa matenda a chiwewe, chifukwa zizindikilozo zimatha kutenga milungu kapena miyezi kuti ziwoneke.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi nyama amathanso kupanga katemera wa chiwewe ngati chitetezo, popeza ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilomboka. Onani nthawi yomwe katemerayu akuyenera kuchitidwa ndipo ndani ayenera kumwa.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati walumidwa ndi nyama yolusa

Munthu akalumidwa ndi nyama, ngakhale sakuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda a chiwewe, makamaka ngati ndi nyama ya mumsewu, ayenera kutsuka malowo ndi sopo ndikupita kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala kuti akayese chiopsezo chotenga matenda a chiwewe kenako ndikuyambitsa kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi mitundu ingapo ya katemera wa chiwewe.

Onani zoyenera kuchita galu kapena mphaka zikaluma.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pamene munthuyo sanapite kuchipatala nyama italumidwa, ndipo zizindikiro za matendawa zawonekera kale muubongo, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti wodwalayo akhale mchipatala, mkati mwa ICU. Kutengera ndi kuuma kwake, munthuyo amatha kukhala payekha, kukhala pansi kwambiri ndikupuma kudzera pazida. Pakugonekedwa mchipatala, munthuyo amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi chubu cha nasoenteral, ayenera kukhalabe ndi chubu cha chikhodzodzo komanso kutenga seramu kupyola mtsempha.

Matenda a chiwewe akatsimikiziridwa, mankhwala monga Amantadine ndi Biopterine amawonetsedwa, koma mankhwala ena omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi Midazolan, Fentanyl, Nimodipine, Heparin ndi Ranitidine popewa zovuta.

Kuti muwone ngati munthuyo akuchita bwino, amayesedwa kangapo kuti athane ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium, magazi ochepa, magnesium, zinc, T4 ndi TSH, kuphatikiza pakuwunika kwa madzi a m'mimba, cranial Doppler, magnetic resonance ndi computed tomography.

Pambuyo kutsimikiziridwa kuti kutha kwathunthu kwa kachilomboka m'thupi kudzera mumayeso, munthuyo amatha kupulumuka, komabe, izi sizachilendo, ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana kale amatha kutaya miyoyo yawo.