Kusuta Fodya ndi Nicotine

Zamkati

• Kodi zizindikiro zakusuta fodya ndi chikonga ndi ziti?
• Kodi mankhwala osuta fodya ndi chikonga ndi ati?
• Chigamba
• Chotupa chingamu
• Utsi kapena inhaler
• Mankhwala
• Chithandizo chamaganizidwe ndi machitidwe
• Kodi malingaliro a kusuta fodya ndi chikonga ndiotani?
• Zothandizira kusuta fodya ndi chikonga?

Fodya ndi chikonga

Fodya ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe anthu amazunza kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndizovuta kwambiri. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention akuti fodya amayambitsa chaka chilichonse. Izi zimapangitsa fodya kukhala chifukwa cha imfa yotetezedwa.

Nikotini ndiye mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amasuta fodya. Zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa adrenaline mukalowa m'magazi kapena kupuma kudzera mu utsi wa ndudu. Nicotine imayambitsanso kuchuluka kwa dopamine. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa ubongo "wokondwa" mankhwala.

Dopamine imalimbikitsa dera laubongo lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi chisangalalo ndi mphotho. Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, kugwiritsa ntchito fodya pakapita nthawi kumatha kuyambitsa kusuta kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe. Izi zimachitikiranso mitundu ina ya fodya yopanda utsi, monga utsi wa fodya wosuta fodya komanso kutafuna fodya ameneyu.

Mu 2011, pafupifupi onse omwe amasuta fodya adati akufuna kusiya kusuta.

Kodi zizindikiro zakusuta fodya ndi chikonga ndi ziti?

Chidakwa chimakhala chovuta kubisala kuposa zizolowezi zina. Izi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa chakuti fodya ndi wovomerezeka, amapezeka mosavuta, ndipo amatha kumwa pagulu.

Anthu ena amatha kusuta pagulu kapena nthawi zina, koma ena amayamba kusuta. Kuledzera kumatha kupezeka ngati munthu:

• sangathe kusiya kusuta kapena kutafuna, ngakhale atayesetsa kuti asiye
• ali ndi zizindikiritso zakutha akafuna kusiya (manja ogwedezeka, thukuta, kukwiya, kapena kugunda kwamtima mwachangu)
• ayenera kusuta kapena kutafuna mukatha kudya kapena mutakhala nthawi yayitali osagwiritsa ntchito, monga pambuyo pa kanema kapena msonkhano wakuntchito
• amafunika kuti fodya azimva ngati "wabwinobwino" kapena amatembenukira kwa iwo munthawi yamavuto
• amasiya zochitika kapena sangapite kumisonkhano komwe kusuta kapena kusuta fodya sikuloledwa
• akupitirizabe kusuta ngakhale atadwala

Kodi mankhwala osuta fodya ndi chikonga ndi ati?

Pali njira zambiri zochiritsira zosuta fodya. Komabe, kuledzera kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kusamalira. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amapeza kuti ngakhale zilakolako za chikonga zitatha, mwambo wosuta ungayambitse kuyambiranso.

Pali njira zingapo zochizira omwe ali ndi vuto losuta fodya:

Chigamba

Chigawochi chimadziwika kuti nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Ndi chomata chaching'ono, chokhala ngati bandeji chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito m'manja kapena kumbuyo kwanu. Chigawochi chimapereka nikotini wochepa mthupi. Izi zimathandiza kuti pang'onopang'ono muchepetse thupi.

Chotupa chingamu

Mtundu wina wa NRT, chingamu wa chikonga ungathandize anthu omwe amafunikira kukonza pakamwa kusuta kapena kutafuna. Izi ndizofala, chifukwa anthu omwe akusiya kusuta atha kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kuyika china mkamwa mwawo. Chinkhupulechi chimaperekanso mankhwala ochepa a chikonga kukuthandizani kuthana ndi zikhumbo.

Utsi kapena inhaler

Mankhwala opopera nikotini ndi ma inhalers amatha kuthandizira popereka mankhwala ochepa osagwiritsa ntchito fodya. Izi zimagulitsidwa pakauntala ndipo zimapezeka kwambiri. Tsitsi limapuma, ndikutumiza nikotini m'mapapu.

Mankhwala

Madokotala ena amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti athandizire pakumwa fodya. Mankhwala enaake opanikizika kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi amatha kuthandizira kuthana ndi zikhumbo. Mankhwala amodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi varenicline (Chantix). Madokotala ena amapereka bupropion (Wellbutrin). Izi ndizopanikizika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba kusuta chifukwa zimatha kuchepetsa kufunitsitsa kwanu kusuta.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatanthauza kuti mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA pacholinga chimodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina zomwe sizinavomerezedwe. Komabe, dokotala amatha kugwiritsabe ntchito mankhwalawa pazifukwa izi. Izi ndichifukwa choti a FDA amayang'anira kuyesa ndi kuvomereza mankhwala, koma osati momwe madotolo amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala pochizira odwala awo. Chifukwa chake, adotolo amatha kukupatsani mankhwala ngakhale akuganiza kuti ndi bwino kuti musamalire. Dziwani zambiri zakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo Pano.

Chithandizo chamaganizidwe ndi machitidwe

Anthu ena omwe amasuta fodya amapambana ndi njira monga:

• mankhwala
• chithandizo chazidziwitso
• mapulogalamu azilankhulo

Njirazi zimathandizira wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha malingaliro awo okhudzana ndi kusuta. Amagwira ntchito kuti asinthe malingaliro kapena machitidwe omwe ubongo wanu umalumikiza ndi fodya.

Chithandizo cha kuwonjezera fodya chimafuna njira zingapo. Kumbukirani kuti zomwe zimagwirira ntchito munthu m'modzi sizigwirira ntchito wina. Muyenera kulankhula nanu adotolo za mankhwala omwe muyenera kuyesa.

Kodi malingaliro a kusuta fodya ndi chikonga ndiotani?

Kusuta fodya kumatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi chithandizo choyenera. Kumwerekera ndi fodya ndikofanana ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo chifukwa sichichiritsidwa kwenikweni. Mwanjira ina, ndichinthu chomwe mudzayenera kuchita nacho moyo wanu wonse.

Omwe amasuta fodya amakonda kubwereranso. Akuti pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya anthu amene anasiya kusuta amayambiranso m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira. Nthawi yayitali yothandizira kapena kusintha kwa njira kumatha kuletsa kubwereranso mtsogolo.

Kafukufuku akuwonetsanso kuti kusintha zizolowezi zamakhalidwe, monga kupewa zinthu zomwe padzakhala ena ogwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena kukhazikitsa machitidwe abwino (monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi) zikhumbo zikayamba zingathandize kukonza mwayi wopezanso bwino.

Zothandizira kusuta fodya ndi chikonga?

Zinthu zambiri zimapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losuta fodya. Mabungwe otsatirawa atha kupereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi kusuta fodya ndi njira zomwe angatengere mankhwala:

• Chikonga Chosadziwika
• National Institute on Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo ndi Ntchito Zoyang'anira Zaumoyo
• MankhwalaDr.org
• Smokefree.gov