Tramadol, Piritsi Yamlomo
Zamkati
- Machenjezo akulu a FDA
- Mfundo zazikulu za tramadol
- Kodi tramadol ndi chiyani?
- Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito
- Momwe imagwirira ntchito
- Zotsatira zoyipa za Tramadol
- Zotsatira zofala kwambiri
- Zotsatira zoyipa
- Tramadol imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena
- Mankhwala omwe simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi tramadol
- Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta zina ndi mankhwala ena
- Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira kuchokera ku tramadol
- Momwe mungatengere tramadol
- Mafomu ndi mphamvu
- Mlingo wa ululu wopweteka kwambiri
- Malingaliro apadera
- Machenjezo a Tramadol
- Machenjezo a FDA
- Machenjezo ena
- Chenjezo la kugwidwa
- Chenjezo la ziwengo
- Kuyanjana ndi mowa
- Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena
- Machenjezo kwa magulu ena
- Tengani monga mwalamulidwa
- Zofunikira pakumwa tramadol
- Zonse
- Yosungirako
- Zowonjezeranso
- Kuyenda
- Kuwunika kuchipatala
- Ndalama zobisika
- Inshuwalansi
- Kodi pali njira zina?
Machenjezo akulu a FDA
Mankhwalawa ali ndi machenjezo ochokera ku FDA pazowopsa zomwe zingakhalepo:
- Kuledzera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika
- Amachedwetsa kapena kusiya kupuma
- Kudya mwangozi
- Zowopsa pamoyo wa ana
- Neonatal opioid kuchotsa matenda
- Kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena
- Kuyanjana ndi benzodiazepines
Kuledzera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika: Mankhwalawa amatha kubweretsa chizolowezi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika, zomwe zingayambitse kumwa mopitirira muyeso ndi kufa. Pofuna kupewa mavutowa, tengani mankhwalawa monga adanenera dokotala. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa ndi chenjezo ili, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
Kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kupuma: Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kupuma kwanu. Ngati izi sizichiritsidwa mwachangu, zimatha kupha. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu pasanathe masiku atatu kuyambira mankhwalawa kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwanu.
Kumeza mwangozi: Ngati wina aliyense, makamaka ana, atenga mankhwalawa mwangozi ngakhale kamodzi, amatha kupha. Mankhwalawa ayenera kusungidwa patali ndi ana.
Zomwe zimawopseza ana: Nthawi zina, matupi a ana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mwachangu kwambiri. Izi zitha kubweretsa kupuma pang'ono komanso kufa. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 12. Sitiyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 18 omwe ali ndi zoopsa zina, kapena omwe angokhala ndi tonsillectomy kapena adenoidectomy.
Neonatal opioid kuchotsa matenda: Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali mukakhala ndi pakati, amatha kupangitsa kuti mwana wanu achoke. Kutaya mwana wanu kumatha kubweretsa imfa. Zizindikiro zakusiya zimaphatikizira kupsa mtima, kusachita bwino zinthu, magonedwe achilendo, ndikulira kwambiri. Zitha kuphatikizanso kunjenjemera, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso kulephera kunenepa.
Kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena: Kutenga tramadol ndi mankhwala ena kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatirazi zikuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa tramadol, mwina komwe kumabweretsa kukomoka ndi matenda a serotonin. Amaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa tramadol, komanso zizindikiritso za opioid. Mankhwala omwe angayambitse zotsatirazi ndi amiodarone, quinidine, erythromycin, ketoconazole, ritonavir, ndi mankhwala ofanana.
Kuyanjana ndi benzodiazepines: Kutenga tramadol ndi benzodiazepines ndi mankhwala ena ofanana kumatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kutopa kwambiri, kupuma pang'ono, kukomoka, ndi kufa.
Mfundo zazikulu za tramadol
- Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Tramadol imapezeka ngati mankhwala achibadwa komanso dzina lodziwika. Dzinalo: Ultram.
- Mapiritsi amlomo a Tramadol amakhala amitundu yonse yotulutsidwa mwachangu komanso yotulutsa nthawi yayitali. Tramadol imabweranso ngati kapisozi wamlomo.
- Tramadol imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu wopweteka kwambiri.
Kodi tramadol ndi chiyani?
Pulogalamu yam'kamwa ya Tramadol ndi mankhwala omwe mumalandira ngati piritsi lomwe limatulutsidwa mwachangu komanso limatulutsidwa. Tramadol imabweranso ngati kapisozi wamlomo wotulutsidwa. Mankhwala omwe amatulutsidwa nthawi yomweyo amatulutsidwa mthupi nthawi yomweyo. Mankhwala otulutsidwa amatulutsidwa m'thupi pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi.
Mapiritsi onse amlomo a tramadol amapezekanso ngati mankhwala achibadwa. Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo imapezekanso ngati dzina la mankhwalawa Ultram. Mankhwala achibadwa nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi mtundu wamaina. Nthawi zina, sangapezeke mwamphamvu zonse kapena mitundu yonse monga dzina lodziwika bwino la mankhwalawa.
Tramadol ndichinthu chowongoleredwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyang'aniridwa ndi adotolo.
Chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito
Tramadol imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu wopweteka kwambiri.
Tramadol itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira imodzi yophatikizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ena.
Momwe imagwirira ntchito
Tramadol ndi gulu la mankhwala otchedwa opioid agonists. Gulu la mankhwala ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zofananira.
Tramadol imagwira ntchito posintha momwe ubongo wanu umamvera kupweteka. Tramadol ndi ofanana ndi zinthu muubongo wanu zotchedwa endorphins. Endorphins amamanga zolandilira (ziwalo zamaselo omwe amalandila chinthu china). Mapulogalamuwa amachepetsa mauthenga opweteka omwe thupi lanu limatumiza ku ubongo wanu. Tramadol imagwira ntchito mofananamo kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwa zowawa zomwe ubongo wanu ukuganiza kuti muli nazo.
Zotsatira zoyipa za Tramadol
Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Tramadol imatha kubweretsa kugona. Simuyenera kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera, kapena kuchita zinthu zowopsa kufikira mutadziwa momwe mankhwalawa amakukhudzirani. Tramadol amathanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina.
Zotsatira zofala kwambiri
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za tramadol zitha kuphatikiza:
- chizungulire
- mutu
- Kusinza
- nseru ndi kusanza
- kudzimbidwa
- kusowa mphamvu
- thukuta
- pakamwa pouma
Ngati zotsatirazi ndizochepa, zimatha kutha masiku angapo kapena milungu ingapo. Ngati ali ovuta kwambiri kapena osapita, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zovuta zina. Itanani 911 ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuwopseza moyo kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukumana ndi vuto lachipatala. Zotsatira zoyipa komanso zizindikilo zake zimatha kukhala izi:
- Matenda a Serotonin. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kuthamanga kwa mtima
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- kutentha kwa thupi komwe kumakhala kopitilira muyeso
- malingaliro omwe ali olimba kuposa zachilendo
- kusowa kolumikizana (kuwongolera mayendedwe anu)
- nseru ndi kusanza
- kutsegula m'mimba
- kubvutika
- kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo (kuwona kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizili zenizeni)
- chikomokere
- Mavuto akulu kupuma. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kuchepa kwapuma
- kupuma pang'ono (kuyenda pang'ono pachifuwa ndikupuma)
- kukomoka, chizungulire, kapena kusokonezeka
- Kudalira kwakuthupi ndikudziletsa mukamasiya mankhwalawa. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kumangokhalira kukwiya, kuda nkhawa, kapena kusakhazikika
- kuvuta kugona
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- kupuma mwachangu
- kuthamanga kwa mtima
- ophunzira okulira (akulu)
- maso misozi
- mphuno
- kuyasamula
- nseru, kusanza, ndi kusowa kwa njala
- kutsegula m'mimba ndi kukokana m'mimba
- thukuta
- kuzizira
- kupweteka kwa minofu, kupweteka kwa msana, kapena kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe
- Kulephera kwa adrenal. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kutopa kwanthawi yayitali
- kufooka kwa minofu
- kupweteka m'mimba mwako
- Kulephera kwa Androgen. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kutopa
- kuvuta kugona
- kuchepa mphamvu
- Kugwidwa
- Kuledzera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zimaphatikizaponso zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse muzikambirana mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi othandizira azaumoyo omwe amadziwa mbiri yanu yazachipatala.
Tramadol imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala ena
Pulogalamu yamlomo ya Tramadol imatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwina mukumwa. Kulumikizana ndi pamene chinthu chimasintha momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala zowononga kapena kuletsa mankhwalawa kuti asagwire ntchito bwino.
Pofuna kupewa kuyanjana, dokotala ayenera kuyang'anira mankhwala anu onse mosamala. Onetsetsani kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse, mavitamini, kapena zitsamba zomwe mukumwa. Kuti mudziwe momwe mankhwalawa angagwirizane ndi china chake chomwe mumatenga, lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala.
Zitsanzo za mankhwala omwe angayambitse kulumikizana ndi tramadol alembedwa pansipa.
Mankhwala omwe simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi tramadol
Musamwe mankhwalawa ndi tramadol. Kuchita izi kumatha kubweretsa zovuta m'thupi. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:
- Carbamazepine. Kumwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol kungapangitse kuti tramadol ikhale yothandiza kwambiri kuti muchepetse ululu wanu. Amachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa tramadol mthupi lanu ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chakukomoka.
Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta zina ndi mankhwala ena
Kutenga tramadol ndi mankhwala ena kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu ku zotsatirapo za mankhwalawa. Izi ndichifukwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe ali mthupi lanu akhoza kuchuluka. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, duloxetine, kapena venlafaxine
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukatenga imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa mukafunika.
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), kuphatikiza isocarboxazid, phenelzine, kapena selegiline
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukatenga imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa mukafunika.
- Mzere
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukamwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi. Atha kusinthanso kuchuluka kwanu kwa tramadol pakufunika kutero.
- Lifiyamu
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukamwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a serotonin, dokotala wanu akhoza kukusinthani mankhwala ena omwe sagwirizana ndi tramadol.
- Wort wa St.
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukamwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi ndikusintha kuchuluka kwanu kwa wort ya St. John ngati pakufunika kutero.
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga sumatriptan, rizatriptan, kapena zolmitriptan
- Mutha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa serotonin (mahomoni m'thupi lanu). Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda otchedwa serotonin syndrome. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukhumudwa kapena kusakhazikika, kugunda kwamtima, kutentha kwa thupi, nseru, kapena kusanza.
- Mukatenga imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa mukafunika.
- Hypnotics, monga zolpidem
- Muyenera kuti mwachedwetsa kupuma, kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mtima, kapena kusokonezeka.
- Mukalandira imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati tramadol ili bwino kwa inu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mlingo wochepa wamatsengawo.
- Benzodiazepines, monga alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, kapena lorazepam
- Udzakhala pachiwopsezo chambiri chakusokonezeka, kuchepetsedwa kapena kusiya kupuma, kutsika kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mtima, kukomoka, kapena kufa.
- Ngati mutenga imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati tramadol ili bwino kwa inu. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ochepa a benzodiazepine.
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga chlorpromazine kapena thioridazine
- Muyenera kuti mwachedwetsa kupuma, kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mtima, kapena kusokonezeka.
- Mukalandira imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati tramadol ili bwino kwa inu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mlingo wochepa wa mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa.
- Mankhwala oletsa dzanzi, monga succinylcholine, pentothal, kapena propofol
- Mwina mwachedwa kupuma, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mtima, kapena kusokonezeka.
- Mukalandira imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati tramadol ili bwino kwa inu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mlingo wochepa wa mankhwala oletsa ululu.
- Mankhwala opioid opweteka, monga hydrocodone, oxycodone, kapena morphine
- Udzakhala pachiwopsezo chambiri chakusokonezeka, kuchepetsedwa kapena kusiya kupuma, kutsika kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa mtima, kukomoka, kapena kufa.
- Mukalandira imodzi mwa mankhwalawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala ngati tramadol ili bwino kwa inu. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ochepa a tramadol kapena mankhwala ena onse opioid.
- Digoxin
- Mukamwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kuwunika kuchuluka kwa digoxin mthupi lanu.
- Warfarin
- Mukamwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kuwunika kuchuluka kwa warfarin mthupi lanu komanso INR (kuchuluka kwadziko lonse) pafupipafupi. Atha kusinthanso kuchuluka kwanu kwa warfarin pakufunika.
Kuyanjana komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazotsatira kuchokera ku tramadol
Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito tramadol ndi mankhwala ena, mutha kukhala ndi zovuta zina. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwa tramadol mthupi lanu kumatha kukulitsidwa. Mukatenga imodzi mwa mankhwalawa ndi tramadol, dokotala wanu amatha kukuwunikirani pafupipafupi. Atha kusinthanso kuchuluka kwanu kwa tramadol pakufunika kutero. Zitsanzo za mankhwalawa ndi monga:
- Maantibayotiki, monga erythromycin
- Ma anti-depressant, monga amitriptyline
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga voriconazole kapena ketoconazole
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga quinidine
- Protease inhibitors, monga ritonavir, atazanavir, kapena darunavir
Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala amagwirira ntchito mosiyanasiyana mwa munthu aliyense, sitingatsimikizire kuti izi zikuphatikizira kulumikizana kulikonse kotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo momwe mungachitire ndi mankhwala, mavitamini, zitsamba ndi zowonjezera, komanso mankhwala omwe mumamwa.
Momwe mungatengere tramadol
Chidziwitso cha mlingowu ndi cha piritsi yamlomo ya tramadol. Mlingo uliwonse wotheka ndi mitundu ya mankhwala sizingaphatikizidwe pano. Mlingo wanu, mawonekedwe a mankhwala, komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe mumamwa mankhwalawo zimadalira:
- zaka zanu
- matenda omwe akuchiritsidwa
- momwe matenda anu alili
- Matenda ena omwe muli nawo
- momwe mumachitira ndi mankhwala oyamba
Mafomu ndi mphamvu
Zowonjezera: Zamgululi
- Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo yotulutsidwa mwachangu
- Mphamvu: 50 mg
- Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo yotulutsidwa
- Mphamvu: 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg
Mtundu: Ultram
- Mawonekedwe: piritsi yamlomo yotulutsidwa mwachangu
- Mphamvu: 50 mg
Mlingo wa ululu wopweteka kwambiri
Mlingo wa akulu (zaka 18-64 zaka)
Piritsi lotulutsira pomwepo:
- Mlingo wamba watsiku ndi tsiku: Mlingo wathunthu wa tsiku ndi tsiku ungakulitsidwe ndi 50 mg monga momwe amalekerera masiku atatu aliwonse kufikira 200 mg / tsiku (50 mg kanayi patsiku).
- Mlingo wa kukonza: 50-100 mg maola 4-6 aliwonse pakufunika kutero.
- Zolemba malire mlingo: 400 mg patsiku.
Pulogalamu yotulutsa:
- Ngati simukugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi otulutsira pomwepo a tramadol:
- Mlingo woyambira: 100 mg kamodzi patsiku.
- Mlingo ukuwonjezeka: Dokotala wanu akhoza kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono mlingo wanu ndi 100 mg masiku asanu aliwonse.
- Zolemba malire mlingo: 300 mg patsiku.
- Ngati mukumwa mapiritsi otulutsidwa nthawi yomweyo a tramadol:
- Mlingo woyambira: Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mlingo wanu watsopano kutengera momwe mwatulutsira posachedwa.
- Zolemba malire mlingo: 300 mg patsiku.
Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-17 zaka)
Piritsi lotulutsira pomwepo:
- Mlingo wa ana (zaka 17):
- Mlingo wamba watsiku ndi tsiku: Mlingo wathunthu wa tsiku ndi tsiku ungakulitsidwe ndi 50 mg monga momwe amalekerera masiku atatu aliwonse kufikira 200 mg / tsiku (50 mg kanayi patsiku).
- Mlingo wa kukonza: 50-100 mg maola 4-6 aliwonse pakufunika kutero.
- Zolemba malire mlingo: 400 mg patsiku.
- Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-16 zaka):
- Sizikudziwika ngati mtundu wa tramadol ndiwotetezeka komanso wogwira mtima kwa ana ochepera zaka 17. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana amsinkhu uno.
Pulogalamu yotulutsa:
- Mlingo wa ana (zaka 0-17 zaka):
- Sizikudziwika ngati mitundu iyi ya tramadol ndi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza kwa ana. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18.
Mlingo waukulu (wazaka 65 kapena kupitirira)
- Chiwindi ndi impso za okalamba sizigwira ntchito kale. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lizigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, mankhwala ambiri amakhala mthupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta.
- Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyambitsani pamlingo wotsika kapena dongosolo lina la dosing. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuti mankhwalawa asakule kwambiri mthupi lanu.
- Ngati ndinu wamkulu kuposa zaka 75, mulingo wanu wokwera kwambiri wa piritsi lotulutsidwa mwachangu ndi 300 mg patsiku.
Malingaliro apadera
Matenda a impso:
- Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo ya Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani 50-100 mg maola 12 aliwonse. Mlingo waukulu ndi 200 mg patsiku.
- Piritsi lotulutsa la Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la impso, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya tramadol.
Matenda a chiwindi:
- Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo ya Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani 50 mg maola 12 aliwonse.
- Piritsi lotulutsa la Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito piritsi lotulutsa.
Chodzikanira: Cholinga chathu ndikukupatsani chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri komanso chaposachedwa. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyanasiyana, sitingatsimikizire kuti mndandandawu umaphatikizira miyezo yonse yotheka. Izi sizilowa m'malo mwa upangiri wa zamankhwala. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala kapena wamankhwala za mlingo woyenera kwa inu.
Machenjezo a Tramadol
Machenjezo a FDA
- Mankhwalawa ali ndi machenjezo angapo a mabokosi. Chenjezo la nkhonya ndiye chenjezo loopsa kwambiri lochokera ku U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Imachenjeza madokotala ndi odwala za zovuta zamankhwala zomwe zitha kukhala zowopsa.
- Kuledzera ndi kuchenjeza molakwika: Mankhwalawa amatha kubweretsa chizolowezi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika, zomwe zingayambitse kumwa mopitirira muyeso ndi kufa. Pofuna kupewa mavutowa, tengani mankhwalawa monga adanenera dokotala. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa ndi chenjezo ili, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
- Kufufuza Zowopsa ndi Njira Zochepetsera (REMS): Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, a FDA amafuna kuti wopanga mankhwalawa apereke pulogalamu ya REMS. Malinga ndi zofunikira za pulogalamu iyi ya REMS, wopanga mankhwalawa ayenera kupanga mapulogalamu ophunzitsira za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opioid kwa dokotala wanu.
- Kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kupuma chenjezo: Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kupuma kwanu. Ngati izi sizichiritsidwa mwachangu, zimatha kupha. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu pasanathe masiku atatu kuyambira mankhwalawa kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwanu.
- Chenjezo lakumwa mwangozi: Ngati wina aliyense, makamaka ana, atenga mankhwalawa mwangozi ngakhale kamodzi, amatha kupha. Mankhwalawa ayenera kusungidwa patali ndi ana.
- Zomwe zimawopseza ana kuchenjeza: Nthawi zina, matupi a ana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mwachangu kwambiri. Izi zitha kubweretsa kupuma pang'ono komanso kufa. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 12. Sitiyeneranso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 18 omwe ali ndi zoopsa zina, kapena omwe angokhala ndi tonsillectomy kapena adenoidectomy.
- Chenjezo la Neonatal opioid kuchotsa matenda: Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali mukakhala ndi pakati, amatha kupangitsa kuti mwana wanu achoke. Kutaya mwana wanu kumatha kubweretsa imfa. Zizindikiro zakusiya zimaphatikizira kupsa mtima, kusachita bwino zinthu, magonedwe achilendo, ndikulira kwambiri. Zitha kuphatikizanso kunjenjemera, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso kulephera kunenepa.
- Kuyanjana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kutenga tramadol ndi mankhwala ena kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatirazi zikuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa tramadol, mwina komwe kumabweretsa kukomoka ndi matenda a serotonin. Amaphatikizanso kuchepa kwa tramadol, komanso zizindikiritso za opioid. Mankhwala omwe angayambitse zotsatirazi ndi amiodarone, quinidine, erythromycin, ketoconazole, ritonavir, ndi mankhwala ofanana.
- Kuyanjana ndi chenjezo la benzodiazepines: Kutenga tramadol ndi benzodiazepines ndi mankhwala ena ofanana kumatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kutopa kwambiri, kupuma pang'ono, kukomoka, ndi kufa.
Machenjezo ena
Mankhwalawa amabwera ndi machenjezo ena angapo.
Chenjezo la kugwidwa
Tramadol imatha kuyambitsa kapena kukomoka. Chiwopsezo chanu chogwidwa chimakhala chachikulu ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena. Mankhwalawa amaphatikizanso mankhwala ena opweteka a opioid kapena mankhwala ena okhumudwa, zovuta zina zamaganizidwe, kapena psychosis. Ngati mumamwa tramadol yochulukirapo, mutha kulandira mankhwala otchedwa naloxone. Mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuti mukhale ndi vuto logwidwa.
Chenjezo la ziwengo
Tramadol imatha kuyambitsa vuto lalikulu. Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikiza:
- kuvuta kupuma
- kutupa kwa nkhope yanu, milomo, mmero, kapena lilime
- kuyabwa kwambiri
- ming'oma (kuyabwa kovuta)
- khungu kapena khungu
Ngati simukugwirizana nazo, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi chapafupi.
Musatengerenso mankhwalawa ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto linalake kapena ma opioid ena kale. Kutenganso kumatha kukhala koopsa (kuyambitsa imfa).
Kuyanjana ndi mowa
Kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zomwe zili ndi mowa kumatha kukulitsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zina kuchokera ku tramadol. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupuma pang'onopang'ono, kuchepa kwa mtima, kuchepa kwa magazi, kapena kusokonezeka. Simuyenera kumwa mowa mukamamwa tramadol.
Machenjezo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena
Kwa anthu ogwidwa: Ngati muli ndi khunyu kapena mbiri yakugwa, tramadol imatha kuyambitsa kapena kukulitsa kugwa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati tramadol ndi yabwino kwa inu.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo: Ngati mukuganiza zodzipweteka nokha, kapena kudzipweteka nokha, musatenge tramadol.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo: Ngati muli ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo, monga kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, musamamwe tramadol. Komanso pewani mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi mbiri yakuledzera.
Kwa anthu omwe avulala pamutu: Tramadol imatha kukulitsa kupanikizika mkati mwanu. Izi zitha kukulitsa vuto lanu kapena zikhale zovuta kuti madotolo azindikire kapena kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto muubongo wanu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati tramadol ndi yabwino kwa inu.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba: Tramadol imatha kukulitsa mavuto am'mimba. Zingapangitsenso kuti zikhale zovuta kwa madotolo kuzindikira kapena kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati tramadol ndi yabwino kwa inu.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso:
- Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo ya Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso kapena mbiri ya matenda a impso, mwina simungathe kuchotsa mankhwalawa mthupi lanu. Izi zitha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa tramadol mthupi lanu ndikupangitsa zovuta zina.
- Piritsi lotulutsa la Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi mavuto a impso, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yotulutsira tramadol.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi:
- Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo ya Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi vuto la chiwindi kapena mbiri ya matenda a chiwindi, thupi lanu silingathe kukonza mankhwalawa bwino. Izi zitha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa tramadol mthupi lanu ndikupangitsa zovuta zina.
- Piritsi lotulutsa la Tramadol: Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yotulutsira tramadol.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma: Tramadol imachedwetsa kupuma kwanu ndikupangitsa kupuma pang'ono. Kupuma pang'ono kumatanthauza kuti mumangopuma pang'ono, pang'ono. Ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma, monga mphumu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mankhwalawa ndiabwino kwa inu.
Machenjezo kwa magulu ena
Kwa amayi apakati: Tramadol ndi gawo la C la mankhwala apakati. Izi zikutanthauza zinthu ziwiri:
- Kafukufuku wazinyama awonetsa zovuta kwa mwana wosabadwa mayi atamwa mankhwalawo.
- Sipanakhale maphunziro okwanira omwe adachitika mwa anthu kuti atsimikizire momwe mankhwalawo angakhudzire mwana wosabadwayo.
Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha phindu lomwe lingakhalepo likutsimikizira kuopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Itanani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo mukakhala ndi pakati mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
Kwa amayi omwe akuyamwitsa: Tramadol imatha kulowa mkaka wa m'mawere ndipo imatha kuyambitsa mavuto kwa mwana yemwe akuyamwitsa. Izi zimatha kuphatikizira kupuma pang'ono kapena kufa.
Tramadol siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi azimayi oyamwitsa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala ngati mukuyamwitsa mwana wanu. Muyenera kusankha ngati mungayime kuyamwa kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa.
Kwa okalamba: Impso kapena chiwindi cha okalamba mwina sizigwira ntchito kale. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti thupi lanu lizigwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Zotsatira zake, mankhwala ambiri amakhala mthupi lanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chazovuta. Okalamba azaka 65 zakubadwa kapena kupitilira ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chazotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi mankhwalawa.
Kwa ana:
- Pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo ya Tramadol: Sizikudziwika ngati mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka komanso othandiza kwa ana. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana ochepera zaka 17.
- Piritsi lotulutsa la Tramadol: Sizikudziwika ngati mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka komanso othandiza kwa ana. Sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu ochepera zaka 18.
Tengani monga mwalamulidwa
Piritsi yamlomo ya Tramadol imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira kwakanthawi kapena kwakanthawi. Kutalika kwanu kwa chithandizo kumadalira momwe ululu wanu umakhalira. Zimabwera ndi zoopsa zazikulu ngati simukuzitenga monga mwalamulo.
Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala mwadzidzidzi kapena osamwa konse: Ululu wanu ukhoza kupitilirabe. Mukasiya kumwa mankhwala mwadzidzidzi, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zakusiya, komwe kungaphatikizepo:
- kumangokhalira kukwiya, kuda nkhawa, kapena kusakhazikika
- kuvuta kugona
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- kupuma mwachangu
- kuthamanga kwa mtima
- ophunzira okulira (akulu)
- maso misozi
- mphuno
- kuyasamula
- nseru, kusanza, ndi kusowa kwa njala
- kutsegula m'mimba ndi kukokana m'mimba
- thukuta
- kuzizira
- kupweteka kwa minofu, kupweteka kwa msana, kapena kupweteka kwamalumikizidwe
Ngati mwaphonya Mlingo kapena osamwa mankhwalawo panthawi yake: Mankhwala anu mwina sagwira ntchito kapena akhoza kusiya kugwira ntchito kwathunthu. Kuti mankhwalawa agwire bwino ntchito, kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kukhala mthupi lanu nthawi zonse.
Ngati mutenga zochuluka kwambiri: Mutha kukhala ndimankhwala owopsa mthupi lanu. Zizindikiro za bongo za mankhwalawa zingaphatikizepo:
- kupuma komwe kumachedwetsa kapena kuchepa
- kuyankhula molakwika
- chisokonezo
- kutopa kwambiri
- khungu lozizira komanso lolira
- kufooka kwa minofu
- ophunzira ochepa (ochepa kwambiri)
- kugwidwa
- kugunda kwamtima moopsa
- kuthamanga kwa magazi
- mavuto owopsa amtima monga kusakhazikika kwa mtima kapena kumangidwa kwamtima (mtima ukaleka kugunda)
- chikomokere
- imfa
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa kwambiri mankhwalawa, itanani dokotala wanu kapena funsani malangizo kuchokera ku American Association of Poison Control Center ku 800-222-1222 kapena kudzera pa chida chawo pa intaneti. Koma ngati matenda anu akukulira, itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi pomwepo.
Zomwe muyenera kuchita mukaphonya mlingo: Tengani mlingo wanu mukangokumbukira. Ngati mukukumbukira kutangotsala maola ochepa kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala, tengani mlingo umodzi wokha. Osayesa konse kutenga mwa kumwa miyezo iwiri nthawi imodzi. Izi zitha kubweretsa zovuta zoyipa.
Momwe mungadziwire ngati mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito: Muyenera kumva kupweteka pang'ono.
Zofunikira pakumwa tramadol
Kumbukirani izi ngati dokotala akukulemberani piritsi yamlomo ya tramadol.
Zonse
- Mutha kumwa tramadol kapena wopanda chakudya
- Kudula kapena kuphwanya mankhwalawa
- Osadula kapena kuphwanya pulogalamu yotulutsira. Muyenera kumeza kwathunthu.
- Mutha kudula kapena kuphwanya pulogalamu yotulutsira pomwepo.
- Osati mankhwala aliwonse omwe amakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya mankhwalawa. Mukadzaza mankhwala anu, onetsetsani kuti mwayimbira foni kuti muwone ngati mankhwala anu ali ndi fomu yomwe dokotala wakulemberani.
Yosungirako
- Sungani mankhwalawa kutentha kwapakati pakati pa 59 ° F ndi 86 ° F (15 ° C ndi 30 ° C).
- Sungani mankhwala awa mumtsuko wotsekedwa mwamphamvu.
- Sungani mankhwalawa kutali ndi kuwala.
- Musasunge mankhwalawa m'malo onyowa kapena onyowa, monga mabafa.
Zowonjezeranso
Mankhwala a mankhwalawa amakonzanso. Dokotala wanu adzalemba kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwezerezedwanso pamankhwala anu. Pali malire pamanambala omwe mungalandire mankhwalawa. Inu kapena malo anu ogulitsa mankhwala mungafunikire kulumikizana ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni mankhwala atsopano ngati mukufuna mankhwalawa.
Kuyenda
Mukamayenda ndi mankhwala anu:
- Nthawi zonse muzinyamula mankhwala anu. Mukamauluka, musayikenso m'thumba lofufuzidwa. Sungani m'thumba lanu.
- Osadandaula za makina a X-ray pabwalo la ndege. Sangathe kuvulaza mankhwala anu.
- Mungafunike kuwonetsa ogwira ntchito ku eyapoti chizindikiro cha mankhwala anu. Nthawi zonse muzinyamula bokosi loyambirira lomwe muli nalo.
- Musayike mankhwalawa m'galimoto yamagolovu amgalimoto yanu kapena siyani m'galimoto. Onetsetsani kuti musachite izi nyengo ikatentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri.
Kuwunika kuchipatala
Dokotala wanu amayenera kuwunika zovuta zina zaumoyo. Izi zitha kuthandizira kuti mukhale otetezeka mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Kupuma. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuyang'anirani ngati mungasinthe momwe mumapumira. Atha kuyang'ana izi mosamala kwambiri mukangoyamba kumwa tramadol komanso mutatha kuwonjezeka pamlingo.
- Ntchito ya impso. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuthandiza dokotala kuti aone momwe impso zanu zikugwirira ntchito. Ngati impso zanu sizikuyenda bwino, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wa mankhwalawa kapena kukupatsani mankhwala osiyanasiyana opweteka.
- Ntchito ya chiwindi. Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuthandiza dokotala kuti aone momwe chiwindi chanu chikugwirira ntchito. Ngati chiwindi chanu sichikugwira ntchito bwino, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchepetsa mlingo wanu wa mankhwalawa kapena kukupatsani mankhwala osiyana opweteka.
- Kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika kapena kusuta. Dokotala wanu asanakupatseni mankhwala a tramadol, adzawona kuwopsa kwanu kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti izi ndi zoopsa kwa inu, akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala osiyana opweteka.
Ndalama zobisika
Mungafunike kukayezetsa magazi mukamalandira mankhwala a tramadol. Mtengo wa mayeserowa udalira kutengera kwanu inshuwaransi.
Inshuwalansi
Makampani ambiri a inshuwaransi amafuna chilolezo chamtundu wina wamankhwalawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala angafunike kupeza chilolezo kuchokera ku kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi kampani yanu ya inshuwaransi isanakulipireni mankhwalawo.
Kodi pali njira zina?
Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka kuti athetse vuto lanu. Ena akhoza kukuyenererani kuposa ena. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe angakuthandizeni.
Chodzikanira: Healthaline yayesetsa kwambiri kuti zidziwitso zonse zikhale zolondola, zokwanira, komanso zaposachedwa. Komabe, nkhaniyi sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wa akatswiri pazachipatala. Muyenera kufunsa adotolo kapena akatswiri azaumoyo musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse. Zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zili pano zitha kusintha ndipo sizingapangidwe kuti zigwiritse ntchito, mayendedwe, zodzitetezera, machenjezo, kulumikizana ndi mankhwala, kusokonezeka, kapena zovuta zina. Kusapezeka kwa machenjezo kapena zidziwitso za mankhwala omwe apatsidwa sikuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala kapena mankhwalawa ndiwotetezeka, ogwira ntchito, komanso oyenera kwa odwala onse kapena ntchito zina zilizonse.