Chithandizo chothandizira khansa yamatumbo

Zamkati

• 1. Opaleshoni
• 2. Radiotherapy
• 3. Chemotherapy
• 4. Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi

Chithandizo cha khansa yamatumbo chimachitika molingana ndi msinkhu komanso kukula kwa matendawa, malo, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chotupacho, ndipo opaleshoni, chemotherapy, radiotherapy kapena immunotherapy zitha kuwonetsedwa.

Khansara ya m'mimba imachiritsidwa pamene matendawa amayamba kumene kumayamba ndipo matendawa amayamba posakhalitsa pambuyo pake, chifukwa ndikosavuta kupewa metastasis ndikuwongolera kukula kwa chotupacho. Komabe, khansa ikazindikira patadutsa nthawi, kumakhala kovuta kupeza chithandizo, ngakhale chithandizo chithandizidwa malinga ndi upangiri wa zamankhwala.

1. Opaleshoni

Kuchita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri kumachiza khansa ya m'matumbo ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhudza kuchotsa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa m'matumbo ndi gawo laling'ono lamatumbo athanzi kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulibe ma cell a khansa omwe alipo.

Matendawa akapangidwa koyambirira, opareshoni imatha kuchitidwa pokhapokha kuchotsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka m'matumbo, komabe matendawa akapangidwa pang'ono kwambiri, kungakhale kofunikira kuti munthuyo achite chemo kapena radiotherapy kuti achepetse kukula kwa chotupacho.ndipo ndikotheka kuchita opaleshoniyi. Onani momwe opaleshoni ya khansa yamatumbo yachitidwira.

Kuchira pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'matumbo kumatenga nthawi ndipo panthawi yopanga opaleshoni munthu amatha kumva kuwawa, kutopa, kufooka, kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba komanso kupezeka kwa magazi pamalopo, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa adotolo ngati izi zikupitilira.

Pambuyo pa opareshoni, adotolo amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha ululu kapena mankhwala oletsa kutupa kuti athandize kuchira ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo zomwe zingabwere pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni, kuphatikiza maantibayotiki kupewa matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, kutengera kukula kwa khansara, adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti chemo kapena radiation.

2. Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy imatha kuwonetsedwa kuti ichepetse kukula kwa chotupacho, ndikulimbikitsidwa musanachite opareshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, ikhozanso kuwonetsedwa kuti muchepetse zizindikilo ndikuletsa kukula kwa chotupacho. Chifukwa chake, radiotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Kunja: cheza chimachokera pamakina, chofuna kuti wodwalayo apite kuchipatala kukalandira chithandizo, kwa masiku angapo pa sabata, malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa.
• Zamkati: cheza chimachokera pachokhazikitsidwa chomwe chili ndi zida zowulutsa poizoni zomwe zimayikidwa pafupi ndi chotupacho, ndipo kutengera mtundu, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala mchipatala masiku angapo kuti amuthandize.

Zotsatira zoyipa zamankhwala ochepetsa cheza samakhala achuma kwambiri kuposa a chemotherapy, koma amaphatikizaponso kukwiya pakhungu m'deralo, nseru, kutopa ndi kukwiya mu rectum ndi chikhodzodzo. Zotsatirazi zimatha kumapeto kwa chithandizo, koma kukwiya kwa rectum ndi chikhodzodzo kumatha kupitilira miyezi.

3. Chemotherapy

Monga radiotherapy, chemotherapy itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito isanachitike opaleshoni kuti ichepetse kukula kwa chotupacho kapena ngati njira yothetsera zizindikilo ndi kukula kwa chotupa, komabe chithandizochi chitha kuchitidwanso pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni kuti athetse ma cellcinogen omwe sanathetsedwe kwathunthu.

Chifukwa chake, mitundu yayikulu ya chemotherapy yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito khansa yamatumbo itha kukhala:

• Adjuvant: imachitika atachitidwa opaleshoni kuti awononge maselo a khansa omwe sanachotsedwe pa opaleshoniyi;
• Neoadjuvant: amagwiritsidwa ntchito asanachitike opaleshoni kuti achepetse chotupacho ndikuchotsa;
• Kwa khansa yayikulu: idachepetsa kukula kwa chotupacho ndikuchepetsa zomwe zimayambitsa metastases.

Zitsanzo zina za mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chemotherapy ndi a Capecitabine, 5-FU ndi Irinotecan, omwe amatha kuperekedwa ndi jakisoni kapena piritsi. Zotsatira zoyipa za chemotherapy zitha kutaya tsitsi, kusanza, kusowa kwa njala komanso kutsegula m'mimba mobwerezabwereza.

4. Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi

Immunotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies omwe amalowetsedwa mthupi kuti azindikire ndikuwukira ma cell a khansa, kuteteza kukula kwa chotupacho komanso mwayi wa metastasis. Mankhwalawa samakhudza maselo abwinobwino, motero amachepetsa zovuta zina. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu immunotherapy ndi Bevacizumab, Cetuximab kapena Panitumumab.

Zotsatira zoyipa za immunotherapy pochiza khansa ya m'matumbo zitha kukhala zotupa, zotupa m'mimba, zotsekula m'mimba, magazi, kukhudzidwa ndi mavuto a kuunika kapena kupuma.