Matenda a manda: chomwe chiri, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Chithandizo cha Mimba

Matenda a manda ndimatenda amtundu wa chithokomiro omwe amadziwika ndi mahomoni ochulukirapo amtunduwu m'thupi, omwe amachititsa hyperthyroidism. Ndi matenda omwe amangodziyimira pawokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ma antibodies amthupi amalimbana ndi chithokomiro ndikusintha magwiridwe ake.

Matendawa ndi omwe amachititsa hyperthyroidism, ndipo amakhudza azimayi ambiri kuposa amuna, makamaka azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 50, ngakhale amatha kuwonekera msinkhu uliwonse.

Matenda a manda amachiritsidwa ndipo amatha kuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mankhwala a ayodini kapena opaleshoni ya chithokomiro. Nthawi zambiri, sizikunenedwa kuti pali mankhwala ku matenda a Manda, komabe, nkutheka kuti matendawa amatha kukhululukidwa, kukhala "mtulo" kwazaka zambiri kapena kwa moyo wonse.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zomwe zimaperekedwa ku matenda a Graves zimadalira kukula kwake komanso kutalika kwa matendawa, komanso msinkhu komanso chidwi cha wodwalayo mopitilira mahomoni, omwe amawonekera nthawi zambiri:

• Kutengeka, mantha ndi kukwiya;
• Kutentha kwambiri ndi thukuta;
• Mtima palpitations;
• Kuchepetsa thupi, ngakhale ndikulakalaka kudya;
• Kutsekula m'mimba;
• Mkodzo wambiri;
• Kusamba kwa nthawi ndi kutaya kwa libido;
• Kugwedezeka, ndi khungu lachinyezi ndi lotentha;
• Goiter, yomwe ndi kukulitsa kwa chithokomiro, kuchititsa kutupa kumunsi kwa mmero;
• Minofu kufooka;
• Gynecomastia, ndiko kukula kwa mabere mwa amuna;
• Kusintha kwa maso, monga kutulutsa maso, kuyabwa, madzi amadzimadzi ndi masomphenya awiri;
• Zilonda zamatenda ofiira ngati khungu zomwe zimapezeka zigawo za thupi, zotchedwanso Graves 'dermopathy kapena pre-tibial myxedema.

Okalamba, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zowonekera kwambiri, ndipo zimatha kuwonekera ndikutopa kwambiri ndikuchepetsa thupi, zomwe zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi matenda ena.

Ngakhale kuti matenda a Graves ndi omwe amachititsa hyperthyroidism, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi mavuto ena, kotero onani momwe mungadziwire zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism komanso zomwe zimayambitsa.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwa matenda a Graves kumachitika pofufuza zomwe zawonetsedwa, kuyesa magazi kuti athe kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, monga TSH ndi T4, ndi mayeso a immunology, kuti awone ngati pali ma antibodies m'magazi olimbana ndi chithokomiro.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amatha kuyitanitsa mayeso monga chithokomiro scintigraphy, computed tomography kapena magnetic resonance imaging, kuphatikiza kuyesa magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zina, monga maso ndi mtima. Umu ndi momwe mungakonzekerere scintigraphy ya chithokomiro.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda a Manda chikuwonetsedwa ndi endocrinologist, motsogozedwa kutengera matenda amunthu aliyense. Zitha kuchitika m'njira zitatu:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Metimazole kapena Propiltiouracil, yomwe ichepetsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi ma antibodies omwe amayambitsa matendawa;
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini ya radioactive, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo amtundu wa chithokomiro, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni;
3. Opaleshoni, yomwe imachotsa gawo la chithokomiro kuti ichepetse kapangidwe kake ka mahomoni, yomwe imachitika mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osamva mankhwala, amayi apakati, akuganiza kuti ali ndi khansa komanso pomwe chithokomiro chimakula kwambiri ndipo chimakhala ndi zizindikilo monga zovuta pakudya ndi kuyankhula, mwachitsanzo .

Mankhwala omwe amalamulira kugunda kwa mtima, monga Propranolol kapena Atenolol atha kukhala othandiza kuchepetsa kugunda, kunjenjemera ndi tachycardia.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zowopsa zamaso angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito madontho ndi mafuta kuti athetse kusapeza bwino komanso kusungunuka m'maso, ndikofunikanso kusiya kusuta ndikuvala magalasi okhala ndi mbali.

Onani momwe chakudya chingathandizire muvidiyo yotsatirayi:

Sikunenedwa kawirikawiri za kuchiritsa matenda akulu, koma pakhoza kukhala kuchotsedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa anthu ena kapena pakatha miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zothandizira, koma nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi woti matendawa abwereranso.

Chithandizo cha Mimba

Pakati pa mimba, matendawa ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ocheperako ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'miyezi itatu yapitayi, popeza magulu a ma antibodies amatha kusintha kumapeto kwa mimba.

Komabe, chisamaliro chapadera chimafunikira ku matendawa panthawiyi ya moyo chifukwa, atakhala okwera kwambiri, mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi mankhwala amatha kuwoloka pa placenta ndikupangitsa poizoni kwa mwana wosabadwayo.