Zilonda zamagetsi: ndi chiyani, magawo ndi chisamaliro

Zamkati

• Main magawo kuthamanga chilonda
• Gawo 1
• Gawo 2
• Gawo 3
• Gawo 4
• Kusamalira kwakukulu
• 1. Momwe mungachiritse chilonda
• 2. Momwe mungayesere zilonda zam'mimba
• 3. Zomwe ungamuphunzitse munthu yemwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba
• 4. Momwe mungayesere kuopsa kwa zilonda zatsopano

Zilonda zam'mimba, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti eschar, ndi bala lomwe limapezeka chifukwa chakupanikizika kwakanthawi ndikucheperako kwa magazi m'mbali ina ya khungu.

Mtundu uwu wa bala umakhala wofala m'malo omwe mafupa amalumikizana kwambiri ndi khungu, monga pansi pamsana, khosi, mchiuno kapena zidendene, chifukwa kumeneko kukakamira pakhungu kumakulirakulira, kukuzungulira kufalikira. Kuphatikiza apo, zilonda zam'mimba zimakhalanso pafupipafupi kwa anthu ogona, chifukwa amatha kukhala maola angapo motsatizana, zomwe zimapangitsanso kufalikira m'malo ena a khungu.

Ngakhale zilonda zamavuto ndi zilonda pakhungu, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zichiritse ndipo izi zimachitika pazifukwa zingapo, monga kufooka kwa zomwe munthu ali nazo, kusintha kwamatenda akhungu ndikuvuta kuthana ndi mavuto onse ochokera m'malo okhudzidwa . Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zilonda zamtundu uliwonse ziyesedwe ndi adotolo kapena namwino, kuti chithandizo ndi mankhwala oyenera kwambiri chiyambike, komanso chisamaliro chofunikira kwambiri kuti machiritso afulumizitse.

Main magawo kuthamanga chilonda

Poyamba, zilonda zamagazi zimawoneka pakhungu ngati malo ofiira, koma popita nthawi tsambali limatha kupereka bala laling'ono lomwe silichira komanso lomwe limakulanso. Kutengera mphindi yakusintha kwa zilonda, ndizotheka kuzindikira magawo anayi:

Gawo 1

Gawo loyamba la zilonda zam'madzi limadziwika kuti "blanching erythema" ndipo limatanthawuza kuti, poyamba, chilondacho chimakhala ngati malo ofiira omwe akamakanikizidwa amasintha kukhala choyera kapena chosawoneka bwino, ndipo chimasungabe mtunduwo m'masekondi kapena mphindi zochepa, ngakhale atapanikizika. Pankhani ya khungu lakuda kapena lakuda, malowa amathanso kukhala ndi mtundu wakuda kapena wakuda, m'malo mofiira.

Mtundu uwu, kupatula kukhala woyera kwa nthawi yayitali atapanikizidwa, amathanso kukhala ovuta kuposa khungu lonse, kutentha, kapena kuzizira kuposa thupi lonse. Munthuyo amathanso kunena zakumva kulira kapena kuwotcha pamalopo.

Zoyenera kuchita: Pakadali pano, zilonda zam'mimba zimatha kupewedwa, chifukwa chake, chofunikira ndikuteteza khungu kuti liziyenda bwino komanso kuti magazi aziyenda bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, wina ayenera kuyesetsa kuti khungu liziuma momwe angathere, kuthira zonona zonunkhira pafupipafupi, komanso kupewa malo omwe angakakamize malowo kupitilira mphindi 40 motsatizana. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti muzisisitidwa pafupipafupi patsamba kuti muthandizire kufalikira.

Gawo 2

Pakadali pano, bala loyamba limapezeka, lomwe litha kukhala laling'ono, koma lomwe limawoneka ngati kutsegula kwa khungu m'chigawo cha bulletch ya erythema bleach. Kuphatikiza pa bala, khungu m'deralo limawoneka locheperako ndipo lingawoneke louma kapena lowala kuposa zachilendo.

Zoyenera kuchita: ngakhale chilonda chawonekera kale, panthawiyi ndikosavuta kuchiritsa komanso kupewa matenda. Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala, kapena kuchipatala, kuti malowa ayesedwe ndi adotolo kapena namwino, kuti ayambe kulandira mankhwala ndi zinthu zoyenera komanso mavalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupitiriza kuchepetsa nkhawa za tsambalo, kuti muzimwa madzi ambiri ndikuwonjezera kudya zakudya zamapuloteni ndi mavitamini, monga dzira kapena nsomba, chifukwa zimathandizira kuchiritsa.

Gawo 3

Gawo lachitatu, chilondacho chimapitilirabe kukula ndikukula, kuyamba kukhudza zigawo zakuya za khungu, kuphatikizirapo gawo locheperako, komwe mafuta amapezeka. Ndicho chifukwa chake, panthawiyi, mkati mwa chilondacho ndizotheka kuwona mtundu wa minofu yosakhazikika komanso yachikasu, yomwe imapangidwa ndi maselo amafuta.

Pakadali pano, kuya kwa chilondacho kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi tsamba lomwe lakhudzidwa motero, sizachilendo kuti mphuno, makutu kapena akakolo sikutheka kuyang'anira zosanjikiza, popeza kulibe.

Zoyenera kuchita: chithandizo chokwanira chiyenera kusamalidwa mothandizidwa ndi namwino kapena dokotala, ndipo ndikofunikira kuvala kotsekedwa tsiku lililonse. Ndikofunika kumwa madzi ochuluka masana ndi kubetcherana pazakudya zopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, muyeneranso kupitiriza kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zakhudzidwa, ndipo mwina atha kulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala kuti agule matiresi omwe amasiyanasiyana kupsinjika mthupi lonse, makamaka kwa anthu omwe agona kwa nthawi yayitali.

Gawo 4

Ili ndiye gawo lomaliza la zilonda zam'mimba ndipo limadziwika ndikuwonongeka kwa zigawo zozama, pomwe pamapezeka minofu, minyewa komanso mafupa. Mu zilonda zamtunduwu pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda, chifukwa chake, munthuyo angafunike kupita kuchipatala kuti azivala pafupipafupi ndikulandila maantibayotiki molunjika mumtsempha.

Chikhalidwe china chofala kwambiri ndikupezeka kwa fungo loipa kwambiri, chifukwa cha kufa kwa minyewa komanso kupanga zikopa zomwe zitha kutenga kachilomboka.

Zoyenera kuchita: Zilondazi zimayenera kuthandizidwa mchipatala ndipo kungakhale kofunikira kukhala mchipatala kuti apange maantibayotiki ndikupewa matenda omwe angabwere. Kungakhale kofunikira kuchotsa zigawo zakufa, ndipo opaleshoni ingalimbikitsidwe.

Kusamalira kwakukulu

Chimodzi mwa chisamaliro chofunikira kwambiri pazilonda zam'mimba ndikumavala mokwanira, komabe, namwino amayeneranso kuwunika bala, ndikuphunzitsanso munthu kuti apewe kukulira kwa zilondazo ndikuwunika chiopsezo cha zilonda zatsopano.

1. Momwe mungachiritse chilonda

Mavalidwe nthawi zonse amayenera kusinthidwa ndi mtundu wa minofu yomwe ilipo pachilondacho komanso zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo: kutulutsa zotulutsa, kununkhiza kapena kupezeka kwa matenda, pofuna kulimbikitsa machiritso okwanira.

Chifukwa chake mavalidwe amatha kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu, zomwe zimakhala zofala kwambiri:

• Kashiamu alginate: thovu limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zilonda zamagetsi kuti zimange zotsekemera zomwe zatulutsidwa ndikupanga malo abwino ochiritsira. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati magazi akutuluka, chifukwa amathandizira kusiya magazi. Nthawi zambiri, amafunika kusinthidwa maola 24 kapena 48 aliwonse.
• Silver Alginate: Kuphatikiza pakumwetsa katulutsidwe ndikulimbikitsa kuchiritsa, amathandizanso kuchiza matenda, kukhala njira yabwino yothetsera zilonda zam'thupi;
• Hydrocolloid: ndibwino kuti muteteze kuwonekera kwa bala ngakhale panthawi yoyamba ya chilonda chothamanga, koma itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazilonda zapamwamba za gawo lachiwiri;
• Hydrogel: itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mavalidwe kapena gel osakaniza ndikuthandizira kuchotsa minofu yakufa pachilondacho. Zinthu zamtunduwu zimagwira bwino kwambiri zilonda zopanda katulutsidwe kakang'ono;
• Collagenase: ndi mtundu wa enzyme womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pachilondacho kuti uchepetse minofu yakufa ndikuthandizira kutulutsa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakakhala malo akulu azinyama kuti achotse.

Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe oyenera, namwino ayenera kuchotsa zotsalira za mavalidwe am'mbuyomu ndikuyeretsa chilondacho moyenera pomwe, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito saline, scalpel itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zidutswa zakufa, zomwe zimatchedwa kuwonongeka. Kuchotsedwaku kumatha kuchitidwa mwachindunji ndi compress mukamakonza kapena kuchita ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a enzymatic, monga collagenase.

Onani zambiri za mafuta ochizira zilonda zam'mimba.

2. Momwe mungayesere zilonda zam'mimba

Mukamachiza bala, namwino amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zikhalidwe zonse zomwe amatha kuwona kapena kuzindikira, kuti athe kuwunika pakapita nthawi, kuti amvetsetse ngati akuchiritsidwa mokwanira. Kuwunikaku ndikofunikanso kuganizira kusintha zovala, kuti zizikhala zokwanira panthawi yonse yamankhwala.

Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimayenera kuwunikidwa panthawi yovalira yonse ndi monga: kukula, kuzama, mawonekedwe ammbali, kupanga zikopa, kupezeka kwa magazi, kununkhiza komanso kupezeka kwa zizindikilo za matenda, monga kufiyira pakhungu loyandikira, kutupa , kutentha kapena mafinya. Nthawi zina, namwino amatha kutenga zithunzi zapa bala la bala kapena kujambula ndi pepala pansi pa chilondacho, kuyerekezera kukula kwakanthawi.

Mukamayang'ana zilonda zam'mimba, zimalimbikitsidwanso kuti mumvetsere khungu lozungulira chilondacho, chifukwa ngati silinathiridwe bwino, chitha kukulitsa chilondacho.

3. Zomwe ungamuphunzitse munthu yemwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba

Pali ziphunzitso zingapo zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndipo zomwe zitha kuthandiza kupititsa patsogolo kuchira, komanso kupewa zovuta. Zina mwa ziphunzitsozi ndi izi:

• Fotokozerani munthuyo kufunika kosakhala pamalo amodzi kwa nthawi yopitilira maola awiri;
• Phunzitsani munthuyo kuti aziyimilira kuti asapondereze chilondacho;
• Onetsani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mapilo kuti muchepetse kupanikizika kwamafupa;
• Phunzitsani za kuopsa kwa kusuta mpaka m'magazi ndikulimbikitsa munthu kuti asiye kusuta;
• Fotokozani za zomwe zingachitike zovuta, makamaka matenda.

Kuphatikiza apo, kungathenso kukhala kofunikira kutumizira munthuyo kukafunsira kwa katswiri wazakudya, popeza kuti chakudya choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a collagen ndikutseka kwa bala.

Ngati ndi munthu yemwe wagona pabedi, nayi njira yoyika munthuyo pabedi:

4. Momwe mungayesere kuopsa kwa zilonda zatsopano

Anthu omwe amakhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga zilonda zatsopano. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kuti muwone kuwopsa kokhala ndi zilonda zatsopano, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito sikelo ya Braden.

Mulingo wa Braden umawunika zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti chilonda chiwoneke ndipo zikuphatikiza: kuthekera kwa munthu kumva kupweteka, chinyezi cha khungu, kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuthekera kusuntha, kapezedwe kake ka zakudya komanso kuthekera kwakuti pakhale mkangano pa khungu. Mtengo woyambira 1 mpaka 4 umaperekedwa pazinthu izi, ndipo pamapeto pake mfundo zonse ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti zikhale pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba:

• Ochepera 17: palibe chiopsezo;
• 15 mpaka 16: chiopsezo chochepa;
• 12 mpaka 14: chiopsezo chochepa;
• Pansi pa 11: chiopsezo chachikulu.

Malinga ndi chiopsezo, komanso zinthu zomwe zili ndi zotsika kwambiri, ndizotheka kupanga njira yosamalira yomwe imathandizira kupewa chilonda chatsopano, kuphatikiza pakuthandizira kuchira kwa omwe alipo kale. Zisamaliro zina zimatha kuphatikizira madzi khungu bwino, kulimbikitsa kudya kokwanira kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ngakhale atakhala ochepa.