Phunzirani kusiyana pakati pa Ultrasound, X-Ray, Tomography ndi Scintigraphy

Zamkati

• 1. Ultrasound
• 2. X-ray
• 3. Tomography
• 4. Zolemba

Kuyesa mayeso kumafunsidwa kwambiri ndi madotolo kuti athandizire kuzindikira ndikufotokozera chithandizo cha matenda osiyanasiyana. Komabe, pakadali pano pali mayeso angapo azithunzi omwe angawonetsedwe kutengera zomwe munthuyo ali nazo komanso mawonekedwe ake ndikuwunika kwa adotolo, monga ultrasound, X-ray, computed tomography ndi scintigraphy. Ngakhale mayeso awa ndi ojambula, onse ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

1. Ultrasound

Ultrasound ndi mtundu wa kuyerekezera kwamalingaliro komwe kumalola kuwonetsa nthawi yeniyeni ya chiwalo chilichonse kapena mthupi. Ndiyeso yoyenera kwambiri kwa amayi apakati, popeza kulibe kutulutsa kwa radiation, chifukwa chake sizowopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Kuyezetsa uku kumachitika ndi doppler, ndizotheka kuwona momwe magazi amayendera. Mvetsetsani momwe ultrasound yachitidwira.

Kuyezetsa kwa ultrasound kumatha kuthandizira pakuzindikira komanso kuchiza zinthu zingapo, monga:

• Kufufuza zowawa m'mimba kapena kumbuyo;
• Kafukufuku wa matenda okhudzana ndi chiberekero, machubu ndi thumba losunga mazira, monga endometriosis;
• Kuwonetseratu ndikuwunika kwa minofu, mafupa, tendon ndi ziwalo, monga chithokomiro, chiwindi, impso ndi m'mawere, ndipo zitha kukhala zofunikira kuwunika ngati pali timinatumba tina kapena zotupa.

Pa mimba, ultrasound imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndikuzindikira zovuta zilizonse, monga anencephaly ndi matenda amtima, mwachitsanzo. Onani momwe ultrasound imagwirira ntchito pa mimba.

2. X-ray

X-ray ndi mayeso akale kwambiri komanso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti azindikire zophulika, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa zimalola kuzindikira mwachangu chifukwa ndimayeso osavuta komanso otchipa poyerekeza ndi tomography, mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikiza pakuzindikiritsa zophulika, X-ray imalola kuzindikiritsa matenda ndi kuvulala m'magulu osiyanasiyana, monga mapapu.

Kuti muchite mayeso, kukonzekera sikofunikira ndipo mayeso amakhala pafupifupi mphindi 10 mpaka 15. Komabe, chifukwa pali radiation, ngakhale yaying'ono, mayesowa sawonetsedwa kwa amayi apakati, makamaka chifukwa X-ray imatha kusintha kukula kwa mwana wosabadwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ana ayenera kupewa kutenga ma x-ray pafupipafupi, chifukwa momwe akumakhalira, ma radiation amatha kusokoneza kukula kwa mafupa, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zoopsa za radiography mukakhala ndi pakati.

3. Tomography

Tomography ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kuti apeze chithunzichi, komabe chipangizocho chimapanga zithunzi zotsatizana zomwe zimalola kuwonetseratu kwa chiwalo ndi kuzindikira kolondola. Chifukwa ma radiation amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, tomography sayenera kuchitidwa kwa amayi apakati, ndipo mtundu wina wofufuza zithunzi, monga ultrasound, uyenera kuchitidwa.

Kafukufuku wa tomography nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa kuti athandize kuzindikira matenda am'mimba ndi mafupa, kuwunika ngati pali kukha magazi ndi zotupa, kufufuza kwa impso, kapamba, matenda ndikutsata zotupa. Pezani zambiri za computed tomography.

4. Zolemba

Scintigraphy ndikuwunika kwazithunzi komwe kumalola kuwonetseratu ziwalo ndi magwiridwe antchito ake kudzera mu kasamalidwe ka chinthu chama radioactive, chotchedwa radiopharmaceutical kapena radiotracer, chomwe chimayamwa ndi ziwalozo ndipo chimadziwika ndi zida kudzera mu radiation yotulutsa, ndikupanga chithunzi.

Momwe zimathandizira kuwunika kwa ziwalo, scintigraphy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa oncology kuzindikira komwe kuli zotupa ndikufufuza kupezeka kwa metastases, koma itha kupemphedwanso ndi dokotala munthawi zina, monga:

• kuwunika kwa kusintha kwa pulmonary, monga m'mapapo mwanga embolism, emphysema ndi kupunduka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kuthandiza kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matendawa. Mvetsetsani chomwe scintigraphy yamapapu ndi chomwe chiri;
• Kuwunika kwamafupa, momwe amafufuzira zizindikilo za khansa kapena mafupa, kuphatikiza pa osteomyelitis, nyamakazi, mafupa, osteonecrosis ndi mafupa. Onani momwe mawonekedwe am'mafupa amachitikira;
• Kudziwika kwa kusintha kwa ubongo, makamaka zokhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa magazi kuubongo, kulola kuzindikiritsa ndikuwunika matenda opatsirana, monga Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson, kuphatikiza zotupa zaubongo, kupwetekedwa mtima komanso kutsimikizika kwa kufa kwaubongo. Mvetsetsani momwe mawonekedwe am'mafupa amachitikira;
• Kuwunika kwa mawonekedwe a impso ndi ntchito, kuyambira pakupanga mpaka kuthetseratu mkodzo. Dziwani zambiri za scintigraphy aimpso;
• Fufuzani kupezeka ndi kuuma kwa Kusiyanasiyana kwa ntchito ya mtima, monga ischemia ndi infarction, mwachitsanzo. Phunzirani momwe mungakonzekerere zojambulazo;
• Onetsetsani ntchito ya chithokomiro ndikusintha, monga kupezeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, khansa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypothyroidism ndi kutupa kwa chithokomiro. Onani momwe kukonzekera kwa scintigraphy ya chithokomiro kumachitika.

Ponena za oncology, dokotala nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuti ndi scintigraphy yathunthu, kapena PCI, yomwe imalola kuti malo oyambira mabere, chikhodzodzo, khansa ya chithokomiro, pakati pa ena, ayesedwe, ndikuwunika kukula kwa matendawa komanso kupezeka kwa metastases. Mvetsetsani momwe scintigraphy yathunthu imachitikira ndi zomwe zimapangidwira.